- in my last post I found out that we are actually heavily dependent on the Nazis for various different things. In this post, I'd like to examine what happened to the Nazis that escaped (or were protected afterwards) and the companies that helped the Nazis during the World Wars?
The Path to Nazi Genocide
nazi final solution
Following the Enlightenment (late seventeenth century – early nineteenth century), there was a growth in nationalism. The rise in nationalism intensified the rise in antisemitism, which had also been growing since the Enlightenment. The First World War (1914-1918) strengthened these feelings of nationalism across Europe, as nations were pitted against each other.
In 1918, Germany lost the First World War. Many people within Germany, including Adolf Hitler, found this loss very difficult and humiliating to process. Instead, many looked for scapegoats to blame.
This led to the Stab-in-the-Back Myth. The Stab-in-the-Back Myth was the belief that the German Army did not lose the First World War on the battlefield, but was instead betrayed by communists, socialists and Jews on the home front. This myth fostered the growth of extreme antisemitism, nationalism and anticommunism.
These feelings were exacerbated further by the Treaty of Versailles in 1919. The Treaty of Versailles forced Germany to admit complete responsibility for the war; pay large amounts of reparations (which undermined the Germany post-war economy); give up significant proportions of land, and limited the size of its army. The Treaty was extremely unpopular in Germany, where the public regarded it as a diktat (dictated peace). This led to a lack of faith in the Weimar Republic, the newly established regime of rule in Germany.
The unsettled conditions in Germany encouraged the popularity of nationalism and nostalgia for the country’s pre-war strength. Nationalism was a key factor in the rise in popularity of nationalist political parties such as the Nazis, and, in turn, ideas such as antisemitism.
- it was said that plans were created by the Nazis and collaborators after they realised that they would be unable to win the World War? It was said that such plans were a myth but obviously not so (if you do more reading and research)
In Search Of History - The ODESSA File (History Channel Documentary)
The SS - The Mystery of ODESSA (English)
The ODESSA - A Global Nazi Network
nazi odessa file
The ODESSA is an American codename (from the German: Organisation der ehemaligen SS-Angehörigen, meaning: Organization of Former SS Members) coined in 1946 for a possible Nazi underground escape plan at the end of World War II by a group of SS officers with the aim of facilitating secret escape routes. The idea has been widely circulated in fictional spy novels and movies, notably Frederick Forsyth's best-selling 1972 thriller The Odessa File. The routes are also called ratlines. The goal was to allow the SS members to escape to Argentina, or the Middle East under false passports.[1] This goal was in fact achieved by 300 Nazis with support from Juan Perón after he came to power in Argentina in 1946.[2]
Though an unknown number of wanted Nazis and war criminals did in fact escape Europe, the existence of an organisation called ODESSA is rejected by most experts. However it is widely accepted that there were escape organisations for Nazis. Uki Goñi maintains that archival evidence paints a picture that "does not even include an organization actually named Odessa, but it is sinister nonetheless, and weighted in favour of an actual organized escape network." [3] Guy Walters, in his 2009 book Hunting Evil, stated he was unable to find any evidence of the existence of the ODESSA network as such, although numerous other organisations such as Konsul, Scharnhorst, Sechsgestirn, Leibwache, and Lustige Brüder have been named,[1] including Die Spinne ("The Spider") run in part by Hitler's commando chief Otto Skorzeny.[4] Historian Daniel Stahl in his 2011 essay stated that the consensus among historians is that an organisation called ODESSA did not actually exist.[5][6] Uki Goñi's book "The Real Odessa" describes the role of Juan Peron in providing cover for Nazi war criminals with cooperation from the Vatican, the Argentinean government and the Swiss authorities through a secret office set up by Peron's agents in Bern. Heinrich Himmler's secret service had prepared an escape route in Madrid in 1944. In 1946, this operation moved to the Presidential palace in Buenos Aires. Goñi states that the operation stretched from Scandinavia to Italy, aiding war criminals and bringing in gold that the Croatian treasury had stolen.[7]
"The Odessa existed and they removed billions of dollars in looted Jewish assets from Germany," Elan Steinberg, executive director at the World Jewish Congress (WJC), said. "Their plan was to re-establish the Nazi Party from safe havens outside Germany and many of the assets they smuggled out must still exist." The WJC is seeking to recover Jewish assets which were stolen by the Nazis.
- Dutch KLM just wanted money and were more then willing to help Nazis who were wealthy. Argentina welcomed for similar reasons to USSR and US. Namely, scientific knowledge. Swiss didn't really care due to their neutral nature. KLM had strong connections to Nazis. There were Dutch Nazis? Order to help Nazis came from top of KLM?
Save Haven - Nazis fleeing to Argentina with KLM
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juan_Per%C3%B3n
nazis who escaped
Nazi name lists in Argentina may reveal loot in Swiss bank
https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-51751272
nazis who escaped
Nazi name lists in Argentina may reveal loot in Swiss bank
https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-51751272
Examples of Nazis and collaborators who relocated to Argentina include Emile Dewoitine, who arrived in May 1946 and worked on the Pulqui jet; Erich Priebke, who arrived in 1947; Josef Mengele in 1949; Adolf Eichmann in 1950; former Commandant of Sobibor and Treblinka death camps Franz Stangl; Austrian representative of Spitzy in Spain Reinhard Spitzy; Charles Lescat, editor of Je Suis Partout in Vichy France; SS functionary Ludwig Lienhardt; German industrialist Ludwig Freude; and SS-Hauptsturmführer Klaus Barbie.
Many members of the notorious Croatian Ustaše (including their leader, Ante Pavelić) took refuge in Argentina, as did Milan Stojadinović, the former Serbian Prime Minister of monarchist Yugoslavia.[59] In 1946 Stojadinović went to Rio de Janeiro, and then to Buenos Aires, where he was reunited with his family. Stojadinović spent the rest of his life as presidential advisor on economic and financial affairs to governments in Argentina and founded the financial newspaper El Economista in 1951, which still carries his name on its masthead.[60]
A Croatian priest, Krunoslav Draganović, organizer of the San Girolamo ratline, was authorized by Perón to assist Nazi operatives to come to Argentina and evade prosecution in Europe after World War II,[59] in particular the Ustaše. Ante Pavelić became a security advisor of Perón, before leaving for Francoist Spain in 1957.[61]
As in the United States (Operation Paperclip), Argentina also welcomed displaced German scientists such as Kurt Tank and Ronald Richter. Some of these refugees took important roles in Perón's Argentina, such as French collaborationist Jacques de Mahieu, who became an ideologue of the Peronist movement, before becoming mentor to a Roman Catholic nationalist youth group in the 1960s. Belgian collaborationist Pierre Daye became editor of a Peronist magazine. Rodolfo Freude, Ludwig's son, became Perón's chief of presidential intelligence in his first term.[59]
Recently, Goñi's research, drawing on investigations in Argentine, Swiss, American, British and Belgian government archives, as well as numerous interviews and other sources, was detailed in The Real ODESSA: Smuggling the Nazis to Perón's Argentina (2002), showing how escape routes known as ratlines were used by former NSDAP members and like-minded people to escape trial and judgment.[62] Goñi places particular emphasis on the part played by Perón's government in organizing the ratlines, as well as documenting the aid of Swiss and Vatican authorities in their flight.[citation needed] The Argentine consulate in Barcelona gave false passports to fleeing Nazi war criminals and collaborationists. Recently declassified files from Brazil and Chile reveal that during WWII Péron sold 10,000 blank Argentine passports to ODESSA – the organisation set up to protect former SS men in the event of defeat.[63]
Tomás Eloy Martínez, writer and professor of Latin American studies at Rutgers University, wrote that Juan Perón allowed Nazis into the country in hopes of acquiring advanced German technology developed during the war. Martínez also noted that Eva Perón played no part in allowing Nazis into the country.[64] However, one of Eva's bodyguards was in fact an ex-Nazi commando named Otto Skorzeny, who had met Juan on occasion.[65]
- Mossad was trying to kill Nazi scientists. Nazi scientists were accepted by the Egyptians as well. Desendents in Chile as well. Human experimentation continued on Chilean kids after the experiments on Jews ended. Egyptians had navigation problems with their rocket program. Mossad tried to assasinate and block access to scientists who were able to complete the job. Ideas of racism and facism can die. Such ideas are still being cultivated though. Little Nazi colonies still exist in South America?
The Nazi Hunter - Capturing the Architect of the Holocaust
Joe Rogan - Nazi Colonies in South America
Colonia Dignidad ("Dignity Colony") was an isolated colony of Germans and Chileans established in post-World War II Chile by emigrant Germans which became infamous for the internment, torture, and murder of dissidents during the military regime of General Augusto Pinochet in the 1970s while under the leadership of German fugitive Paul Schäfer. The name of the settlement was changed to Villa Baviera in 1991.
Located in a remote area in the Maule Region of central Chile, Colonia Dignidad was ~35 km southeast of the city of Parral, on the north bank of the Perquilauquén River. The full name of the colony from the 1950s was Sociedad Benefactora y Educacional Dignidad ("Charitable and Educational Society 'Dignity' "). At its largest, Colonia Dignidad was home to some three hundred German and Chilean residents, and covered 137 square kilometers (53 sq mi).[2] The main legal economic activity of the colony was agriculture; at various periods it also was home to a school, a hospital, two airstrips, a restaurant, and a power station.
Protesters asking for justice in 2015
Colonia Dignidad's longest continuous leader, Paul Schäfer, arrived in the colony in 1961.[3] Schäfer was a fugitive, accused of child molestation in West Germany. The organization he led in Chile was described, alternately, as a cult or as a group of "harmless eccentrics". The organization was secretive, and the Colonia was surrounded by barbed wire fences, and featured a watchtower and searchlights, and was later reported to contain secret weapon caches. In recent decades, external investigations, including efforts by the Chilean government, uncovered a history of criminal activity in the enclave, including child sexual abuse.[4] As well, the findings include that its legal activities were supplemented by income related to weapons sales and money laundering.[not verified in body] Reports based on Chile's National Commission for Truth and Reconciliation, has reported that a small set of the many individuals abducted by Pinochet's Dirección de Inteligencia Nacional during his rule were held as prisoners at Colonia Dignidad, some of whom were subjected to torture, and that some Colonia residents of the time were participants in the atrocities.
The population of the colony was 198 in the census of 2002.
As of 2005, the Villa Baviera colony occupies the site. Its leaders insist that it is a different, changed organization. Its current leaders have attempted to modernize the colony, allowing residents to leave to study at university, and opening the colony to tourism, attracting visitors due to its infamous past.[5][6][7]
- ratlines were just tiny 1% fraction of Catholic priests. Nixon was anti-semite? There was once an area in the Soviet Union/Russia called the Pale where Jews once lived but this was wiped out during the World Wars? Bush family wealth came from Third Reich (they ran a Nazi bank)? Joseph Kennedy invested in Nazi Germany? Tissen and Rockerfeller funding Republican candidates for last four decades from Nazi slush fund? US and allies aided escaped Nazis in to the US/West. Even Kissinger worked against Israeli interests? Jewish escapees and Nazi escapee scientists lived closed to one another in the US? 1/3 of modern history is classified?
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rockefeller_family
rockefeller corbett report
https://www.corbettreport.com/episode-026-meet-the-rockefellers/
https://www.corbettreport.com/the-unauthorized-biography-of-david-rockefeller/
https://www.corbettreport.com/rockefeller/
https://www.corbettreport.com/episode-286-rockefeller-medicine/
https://www.corbettreport.com/episode-310-rise-of-the-oiligarchs/
https://www.corbettreport.com/rockefeller-medicine-video/
https://www.corbettreport.com/?s=rockefeller
bush family nazi
George Bush's grandfather, the late US senator Prescott Bush, was a director and shareholder of companies that profited from their involvement with the financial backers of Nazi Germany.
The Guardian has obtained confirmation from newly discovered files in the US National Archives that a firm of which Prescott Bush was a director was involved with the financial architects of Nazism.
His business dealings, which continued until his company's assets were seized in 1942 under the Trading with the Enemy Act, has led more than 60 years later to a civil action for damages being brought in Germany against the Bush family by two former slave labourers at Auschwitz and to a hum of pre-election controversy.
The evidence has also prompted one former US Nazi war crimes prosecutor to argue that the late senator's action should have been grounds for prosecution for giving aid and comfort to the enemy.
The debate over Prescott Bush's behaviour has been bubbling under the surface for some time. There has been a steady internet chatter about the "Bush/Nazi" connection, much of it inaccurate and unfair. But the new documents, many of which were only declassified last year, show that even after America had entered the war and when there was already significant information about the Nazis' plans and policies, he worked for and profited from companies closely involved with the very German businesses that financed Hitler's rise to power. It has also been suggested that the money he made from these dealings helped to establish the Bush family fortune and set up its political dynasty.
https://www.theguardian.com/world/2004/sep/25/usa.secondworldwar
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prescott_Bush
The Holocaust and the Bush family fortune
https://www.wsws.org/en/articles/2018/12/05/intr-d05.html
https://theintercept.com/2018/12/05/george-h-w-bush-1924-2018-american-war-criminal/
The Pale of Settlement (Russian: Черта́ осе́длости, chertá osyédlosti, Yiddish: דער תּחום-המושבֿ, der tkhum-ha-moyshəv, Hebrew: תְּחוּם הַמּוֹשָב, tẖum hammosháv) was a western region of Imperial Russia with varying borders that existed from 1791 to 1917, in which permanent residency by Jews was allowed and beyond which Jewish residency, permanent or temporary,[1] was mostly forbidden. Most Jews were still excluded from residency in a number of cities within the Pale as well. A limited number of Jews were allowed to live outside the area, including those with university education, the ennobled, members of the most affluent of the merchant guilds and particular artisans, some military personnel and some services associated with them, including their families, and sometimes the servants of these. The archaic English term pale is derived from the Latin word palus, a stake, extended to mean the area enclosed by a fence or boundary.[2]
The Pale of Settlement included all of Belarus, Lithuania and Moldova, much of Ukraine, parts of eastern Latvia, eastern Poland, and some parts of western Russia, roughly corresponding to the Kresy macroregion and modern-day western border of Russia. It extended from the eastern pale, or demarcation line, to the Russian border with the Kingdom of Prussia (later the German Empire) and the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Furthermore, it composed about 20% of the territory of European Russia and largely corresponded to historical lands of the former Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Cossack Hetmanate, and the Ottoman Empire (with Crimean Khanate). Life in the Pale for many was economically bleak. Most people relied on small service or artisan work that could not support the number of inhabitants—emigration, especially in the late 19th century, resulted. Even so, Jewish culture, especially in Yiddish, developed in the shtetls (small villages), and intellectual culture developed in the yeshiva (religious schools), and were also carried abroad.
The Russian Empire in the period of the existence of the Pale was predominantly Orthodox Christian. The area included in the Pale—with its large Jewish, Uniate and Catholic populations—was acquired through a series of military conquests and diplomatic maneuvers, between 1654 and 1815. While the religious nature of the edicts creating the Pale is clear (conversion to Russian Orthodoxy, the state religion, released individuals from the strictures), historians argue that the motivations for its creation and maintenance were primarily economic and nationalistic in nature.
The end of the enforcement and formal demarcation of the Pale coincided with the beginning of World War I in 1914, and then ultimately, the fall of the Russian Empire in the February and October Revolutions of 1917.
...
Jewish life in the shtetls (Yiddish: שטעטלעך shtetlekh "little towns") of the Pale of Settlement was hard and poverty-stricken.[13] Following the Jewish religious tradition of tzedakah (charity), a sophisticated system of volunteer Jewish social welfare organizations developed to meet the needs of the population. Various organizations supplied clothes to poor students, provided kosher food to Jewish soldiers conscripted into the Tsar's army, dispensed free medical treatment for the poor, offered dowries and household gifts to destitute brides, and arranged for technical education for orphans. According to historian Martin Gilbert's Atlas of Jewish History, no province in the Pale had less than 14% of Jews on relief; Lithuanian and Ukrainian Jews supported as much as 22% of their poor populations.[14]
The concentration of Jews in the Pale, coupled with Tsar Alexander III's "fierce hatred of the Jews", and the rumors that Jews had been involved in the assassination of his father Tsar Alexander II, made them easy targets for pogroms and anti-Jewish riots by the majority population.[15] These, along with the repressive May Laws, often devastated whole communities.[citation needed] Though attacks occurred throughout the existence of the Pale, particularly devastating anti-Jewish pogroms occurred from 1881–83 and from 1903–1906,[16] targeting hundreds of communities, assaulting thousands of Jews, and causing considerable property damage.[citation needed]
Most Jews could not engage in agriculture due to the nature of the Pale, and were thus predominantly merchants, artisans, and shopkeepers. This made poverty a serious issue among the Jews. However, a robust Jewish community welfare system arose; by the end of the 19th century nearly 1 in 3 Jews in the Pale were being supported by Jewish welfare organizations.[17][4] This Jewish support system included, but was not limited to, providing free medicine to the poor, giving dowries to poor brides, Kosher food to Jewish soldiers, and education to orphans.[3]
One outgrowth of the concentration of Jews in a circumscribed area was the development of the modern yeshiva system. Prior to the Pale, schools to study the Talmud were a luxury. This began to change when Rabbi Chaim of Volozhin began a sort of national level Yeshiva. In 1803 he founded the Volozhin yeshiva, and began to attract large number of students from around the Pale. The Tsarist authorities were not pleased with the school and sought to make it more secular, eventually closing it in 1879. The authorities re-opened it in 1881, but required all teachers to have diplomas from Russian institutions and to teach Russian language and culture. This requirement was not only untenable to the Jews, but essentially impossible, and the school closed for the last time in 1892. Regardless, the school had great impact: its students went on to form many new yeshivas in the Pale, and reignited the study of the Talmud in Russia.[3]
After 1886, the Jewish quota was applied to education, with the percentage of Jewish students limited to no more than 10% within the Pale, 5% outside the Pale and 3% in the capitals of Moscow, St. Petersburg, and Kiev.[citation needed] The quotas in the capitals, however, were increased slightly in 1908 and 1915.[citation needed]
Amidst the difficult conditions in which the Jewish population lived and worked, the courts of Hasidic dynasties flourished in the Pale.[citation needed] Thousands of followers of rebbes such as the Gerrer Rebbe Yehudah Aryeh Leib Alter (known as the Sfas Emes), the Chernobyler Rebbe, and the Vizhnitzer Rebbe flocked to their towns for the Jewish holidays and followed their rebbes' minhagim (Hebrew: מנהגים, Jewish practices) in their own homes.[citation needed]
The tribulations of Jewish life in the Pale of Settlement were immortalized in the writings of Yiddish authors such as humorist Sholom Aleichem, whose novel Tevye der Milchiger (Yiddish: טבֿיה דער מילכיקער, Tevye the Milkman, in the form of the narration of Tevye from a fictional shtetl of Anatevka to the author) forms the basis of the theatrical (and subsequent film) production Fiddler on the Roof. Because of the harsh conditions of day-to-day life in the Pale, some two million Jews emigrated from there between 1881 and 1914, mainly to the United States.[18]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pale_of_Settlement
Contents
1 By countries
1.1 Canada
1.2 Germany
1.3 Hungary
1.4 Latvia
1.5 Poland
1.6 Romania
1.7 Russia
1.8 United States
1.9 Yugoslavia
2 See also
3 References
A Jewish quota was a historical racial quota limiting the number of Jews in various establishments to a certain percentage. In particular, in the 19th and 20th centuries, some countries had Jewish quotas in higher education.
Jewish educational quotas could be statewide law or adopted only in certain institutions, often unofficially. The limitation took the form of total prohibition of Jewish students, or of limiting the number of Jewish students so that their share in the students' population would not be larger than their share in the general population.[why?] In some establishments, the Jewish quota placed a limit on growth rather than set a fixed level of participation to be achieved.
Jews who wanted an education used various ways to overcome this discrimination: bribing the authorities, changing their religion, or traveling to countries without such limitations. In Hungary, for example, 5,000 Jewish youngsters (including Edward Teller) left the country after the introduction of numerus clausus.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewish_quota
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rockefeller_family
rockefeller corbett report
https://www.corbettreport.com/episode-026-meet-the-rockefellers/
https://www.corbettreport.com/the-unauthorized-biography-of-david-rockefeller/
https://www.corbettreport.com/rockefeller/
https://www.corbettreport.com/episode-286-rockefeller-medicine/
https://www.corbettreport.com/episode-310-rise-of-the-oiligarchs/
https://www.corbettreport.com/rockefeller-medicine-video/
https://www.corbettreport.com/?s=rockefeller
bush family nazi
George Bush's grandfather, the late US senator Prescott Bush, was a director and shareholder of companies that profited from their involvement with the financial backers of Nazi Germany.
The Guardian has obtained confirmation from newly discovered files in the US National Archives that a firm of which Prescott Bush was a director was involved with the financial architects of Nazism.
His business dealings, which continued until his company's assets were seized in 1942 under the Trading with the Enemy Act, has led more than 60 years later to a civil action for damages being brought in Germany against the Bush family by two former slave labourers at Auschwitz and to a hum of pre-election controversy.
The evidence has also prompted one former US Nazi war crimes prosecutor to argue that the late senator's action should have been grounds for prosecution for giving aid and comfort to the enemy.
The debate over Prescott Bush's behaviour has been bubbling under the surface for some time. There has been a steady internet chatter about the "Bush/Nazi" connection, much of it inaccurate and unfair. But the new documents, many of which were only declassified last year, show that even after America had entered the war and when there was already significant information about the Nazis' plans and policies, he worked for and profited from companies closely involved with the very German businesses that financed Hitler's rise to power. It has also been suggested that the money he made from these dealings helped to establish the Bush family fortune and set up its political dynasty.
https://www.theguardian.com/world/2004/sep/25/usa.secondworldwar
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prescott_Bush
The Holocaust and the Bush family fortune
https://www.wsws.org/en/articles/2018/12/05/intr-d05.html
https://theintercept.com/2018/12/05/george-h-w-bush-1924-2018-american-war-criminal/
The Pale of Settlement (Russian: Черта́ осе́длости, chertá osyédlosti, Yiddish: דער תּחום-המושבֿ, der tkhum-ha-moyshəv, Hebrew: תְּחוּם הַמּוֹשָב, tẖum hammosháv) was a western region of Imperial Russia with varying borders that existed from 1791 to 1917, in which permanent residency by Jews was allowed and beyond which Jewish residency, permanent or temporary,[1] was mostly forbidden. Most Jews were still excluded from residency in a number of cities within the Pale as well. A limited number of Jews were allowed to live outside the area, including those with university education, the ennobled, members of the most affluent of the merchant guilds and particular artisans, some military personnel and some services associated with them, including their families, and sometimes the servants of these. The archaic English term pale is derived from the Latin word palus, a stake, extended to mean the area enclosed by a fence or boundary.[2]
The Pale of Settlement included all of Belarus, Lithuania and Moldova, much of Ukraine, parts of eastern Latvia, eastern Poland, and some parts of western Russia, roughly corresponding to the Kresy macroregion and modern-day western border of Russia. It extended from the eastern pale, or demarcation line, to the Russian border with the Kingdom of Prussia (later the German Empire) and the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Furthermore, it composed about 20% of the territory of European Russia and largely corresponded to historical lands of the former Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Cossack Hetmanate, and the Ottoman Empire (with Crimean Khanate). Life in the Pale for many was economically bleak. Most people relied on small service or artisan work that could not support the number of inhabitants—emigration, especially in the late 19th century, resulted. Even so, Jewish culture, especially in Yiddish, developed in the shtetls (small villages), and intellectual culture developed in the yeshiva (religious schools), and were also carried abroad.
The Russian Empire in the period of the existence of the Pale was predominantly Orthodox Christian. The area included in the Pale—with its large Jewish, Uniate and Catholic populations—was acquired through a series of military conquests and diplomatic maneuvers, between 1654 and 1815. While the religious nature of the edicts creating the Pale is clear (conversion to Russian Orthodoxy, the state religion, released individuals from the strictures), historians argue that the motivations for its creation and maintenance were primarily economic and nationalistic in nature.
The end of the enforcement and formal demarcation of the Pale coincided with the beginning of World War I in 1914, and then ultimately, the fall of the Russian Empire in the February and October Revolutions of 1917.
...
Jewish life in the shtetls (Yiddish: שטעטלעך shtetlekh "little towns") of the Pale of Settlement was hard and poverty-stricken.[13] Following the Jewish religious tradition of tzedakah (charity), a sophisticated system of volunteer Jewish social welfare organizations developed to meet the needs of the population. Various organizations supplied clothes to poor students, provided kosher food to Jewish soldiers conscripted into the Tsar's army, dispensed free medical treatment for the poor, offered dowries and household gifts to destitute brides, and arranged for technical education for orphans. According to historian Martin Gilbert's Atlas of Jewish History, no province in the Pale had less than 14% of Jews on relief; Lithuanian and Ukrainian Jews supported as much as 22% of their poor populations.[14]
The concentration of Jews in the Pale, coupled with Tsar Alexander III's "fierce hatred of the Jews", and the rumors that Jews had been involved in the assassination of his father Tsar Alexander II, made them easy targets for pogroms and anti-Jewish riots by the majority population.[15] These, along with the repressive May Laws, often devastated whole communities.[citation needed] Though attacks occurred throughout the existence of the Pale, particularly devastating anti-Jewish pogroms occurred from 1881–83 and from 1903–1906,[16] targeting hundreds of communities, assaulting thousands of Jews, and causing considerable property damage.[citation needed]
Most Jews could not engage in agriculture due to the nature of the Pale, and were thus predominantly merchants, artisans, and shopkeepers. This made poverty a serious issue among the Jews. However, a robust Jewish community welfare system arose; by the end of the 19th century nearly 1 in 3 Jews in the Pale were being supported by Jewish welfare organizations.[17][4] This Jewish support system included, but was not limited to, providing free medicine to the poor, giving dowries to poor brides, Kosher food to Jewish soldiers, and education to orphans.[3]
One outgrowth of the concentration of Jews in a circumscribed area was the development of the modern yeshiva system. Prior to the Pale, schools to study the Talmud were a luxury. This began to change when Rabbi Chaim of Volozhin began a sort of national level Yeshiva. In 1803 he founded the Volozhin yeshiva, and began to attract large number of students from around the Pale. The Tsarist authorities were not pleased with the school and sought to make it more secular, eventually closing it in 1879. The authorities re-opened it in 1881, but required all teachers to have diplomas from Russian institutions and to teach Russian language and culture. This requirement was not only untenable to the Jews, but essentially impossible, and the school closed for the last time in 1892. Regardless, the school had great impact: its students went on to form many new yeshivas in the Pale, and reignited the study of the Talmud in Russia.[3]
After 1886, the Jewish quota was applied to education, with the percentage of Jewish students limited to no more than 10% within the Pale, 5% outside the Pale and 3% in the capitals of Moscow, St. Petersburg, and Kiev.[citation needed] The quotas in the capitals, however, were increased slightly in 1908 and 1915.[citation needed]
Amidst the difficult conditions in which the Jewish population lived and worked, the courts of Hasidic dynasties flourished in the Pale.[citation needed] Thousands of followers of rebbes such as the Gerrer Rebbe Yehudah Aryeh Leib Alter (known as the Sfas Emes), the Chernobyler Rebbe, and the Vizhnitzer Rebbe flocked to their towns for the Jewish holidays and followed their rebbes' minhagim (Hebrew: מנהגים, Jewish practices) in their own homes.[citation needed]
The tribulations of Jewish life in the Pale of Settlement were immortalized in the writings of Yiddish authors such as humorist Sholom Aleichem, whose novel Tevye der Milchiger (Yiddish: טבֿיה דער מילכיקער, Tevye the Milkman, in the form of the narration of Tevye from a fictional shtetl of Anatevka to the author) forms the basis of the theatrical (and subsequent film) production Fiddler on the Roof. Because of the harsh conditions of day-to-day life in the Pale, some two million Jews emigrated from there between 1881 and 1914, mainly to the United States.[18]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pale_of_Settlement
Contents
1 By countries
1.1 Canada
1.2 Germany
1.3 Hungary
1.4 Latvia
1.5 Poland
1.6 Romania
1.7 Russia
1.8 United States
1.9 Yugoslavia
2 See also
3 References
A Jewish quota was a historical racial quota limiting the number of Jews in various establishments to a certain percentage. In particular, in the 19th and 20th centuries, some countries had Jewish quotas in higher education.
Jewish educational quotas could be statewide law or adopted only in certain institutions, often unofficially. The limitation took the form of total prohibition of Jewish students, or of limiting the number of Jewish students so that their share in the students' population would not be larger than their share in the general population.[why?] In some establishments, the Jewish quota placed a limit on growth rather than set a fixed level of participation to be achieved.
Jews who wanted an education used various ways to overcome this discrimination: bribing the authorities, changing their religion, or traveling to countries without such limitations. In Hungary, for example, 5,000 Jewish youngsters (including Edward Teller) left the country after the introduction of numerus clausus.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewish_quota
Did the Vatican and Swiss Banks Help Germany During WW2 (2000)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AriAsmQm8iI
https://www.amazon.com/Secret-War-Against-Jews-Espionage-ebook/dp/B06XRJGJBB
https://www.amazon.com/Secret-War-Against-Jews-Espionage-ebook/dp/B06XRJGJBB
nazi republican party
While the "Reagan Revolution" made it popular in the United States once again to be openly discriminatory, neofascist thinking is presently burgeoning among the extreme right in this country. Russ Bellant, in his important book Old Nazis, the New Right, and the Republican Party, exposes the roots and growth of domestic fascist networks, which include Nazi collaborators, within the Republican Party. He reveals how such members, during the Reagan era, held positions of power on the Republican Ethnic Heritage Groups Council, an ethnic outreach division of the GOP. Bellant also scrutinizes the American Security Council for its participation in anti-Semitic and racist practices under the guise of anticommunism.
It seems to me that any educator, or any citizen for that matter, interested in protecting what is left of democracy in this country needs to engage this type of research. For those who are skeptical of Bellant's conclusions, they can either take the word of Allan A. Ryan Jr. — the former Director of the Office of Special Investigations for the Department of Justice — who says on the book's cover that it is "Well-documented and reliable," or they can begin to do some research of their own — which is what education for a responsible citizenry is supposed to be all about!
https://www.hepg.org/her-home/issues/harvard-educational-review-volume-65-issue-1/herbooknote/old-nazis,-the-new-right,-and-the-republican-party
- US/Allies military didn't have a great opinion of Jews after break down of Nazi concentration camps? At the beginning, they didn't treat Jews much different from Nazis even after 'liberation'? Germans scientists were welcomed to the US for their experience with defense technology. Nazi spies were also welcomed into many places elsewhere including South America, US, Australia, USSR, etc? Ironically, most such spies were of relative poor quality and only a tiny few were very good. US State Department was previously anti-Semetic but was also against Operation Paperclip given the potential blowback? No Nazi scientists that were brought to the US were ever prosecuted? CIA whitewashed backgrounds of such people and blocked attempts to prosecute. US, Soviets, French, British, etc... all tried to recruit and even kidnap Nazi scientists. Israelis/Mossad were only interested in hunting down targets of major significance? China weren't known to recruit Nazi scientists? Anti-Soviet knowledge of Nazis used by the US in the Cold War? That explains some former Soviet/Russian/East European perspectives of the US?
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cold_War
http://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2016/10/common-russian-media-themes-has-western.html
https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=nazi+escape
The Nazis Next Door - How America Became A Safe Haven For Hitler’s Men
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eP3srgksUqU
https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=west+wing+camp+david
https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=west+wing+palestine+israel
http://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2017/12/what-is-intifada-random-stuff-and-more.html
chuck allan reporter
Charles R. Allen, Jr.
http://www.yivoarchives.org/index.php?p=collections/controlcard&id=34373
https://thehill.com/opinion/white-house/404959-fake-news-and-the-hunt-for-nazis-in-america
https://monthlyreview.org/2015/04/01/the-nazi-threat-in-the-united-states/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivan_the_Terrible_(Treblinka_guard)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Demjanjuk
escaped nazis polititics
"Ratlines" were a system of escape routes for Nazis and other fascists fleeing Europe in the aftermath of World War II. These escape routes mainly led toward havens in Latin America, particularly Argentina, Chile, Paraguay, Colombia,[1] Brazil, Uruguay, Mexico, Peru, Guatemala, Ecuador, and Bolivia, as well as the United States, Spain and Switzerland.
There were two primary routes: the first went from Germany to Spain, then Argentina; the second from Germany to Rome to Genoa, then South America. The two routes developed independently but eventually came together.[2] The ratlines were supported by clergy of the Catholic Church, and historian Michael Phayer claims this was supported by the Vatican.[3][4]
While Nazi leader Adolf Hitler is unanimously considered by reputable scholars to have committed suicide in Berlin near the end of the war, various conspiracy theories claim that he survived the war and fled to Argentina.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ratlines_(World_War_II_aftermath)
- US/Allies military didn't have a great opinion of Jews after break down of Nazi concentration camps? At the beginning, they didn't treat Jews much different from Nazis even after 'liberation'? Germans scientists were welcomed to the US for their experience with defense technology. Nazi spies were also welcomed into many places elsewhere including South America, US, Australia, USSR, etc? Ironically, most such spies were of relative poor quality and only a tiny few were very good. US State Department was previously anti-Semetic but was also against Operation Paperclip given the potential blowback? No Nazi scientists that were brought to the US were ever prosecuted? CIA whitewashed backgrounds of such people and blocked attempts to prosecute. US, Soviets, French, British, etc... all tried to recruit and even kidnap Nazi scientists. Israelis/Mossad were only interested in hunting down targets of major significance? China weren't known to recruit Nazi scientists? Anti-Soviet knowledge of Nazis used by the US in the Cold War? That explains some former Soviet/Russian/East European perspectives of the US?
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cold_War
http://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2016/10/common-russian-media-themes-has-western.html
https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=nazi+escape
The Nazis Next Door - How America Became A Safe Haven For Hitler’s Men
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eP3srgksUqU
https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=west+wing+camp+david
https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=west+wing+palestine+israel
http://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2017/12/what-is-intifada-random-stuff-and-more.html
chuck allan reporter
Charles R. Allen, Jr.
http://www.yivoarchives.org/index.php?p=collections/controlcard&id=34373
https://thehill.com/opinion/white-house/404959-fake-news-and-the-hunt-for-nazis-in-america
https://monthlyreview.org/2015/04/01/the-nazi-threat-in-the-united-states/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivan_the_Terrible_(Treblinka_guard)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Demjanjuk
escaped nazis polititics
"Ratlines" were a system of escape routes for Nazis and other fascists fleeing Europe in the aftermath of World War II. These escape routes mainly led toward havens in Latin America, particularly Argentina, Chile, Paraguay, Colombia,[1] Brazil, Uruguay, Mexico, Peru, Guatemala, Ecuador, and Bolivia, as well as the United States, Spain and Switzerland.
There were two primary routes: the first went from Germany to Spain, then Argentina; the second from Germany to Rome to Genoa, then South America. The two routes developed independently but eventually came together.[2] The ratlines were supported by clergy of the Catholic Church, and historian Michael Phayer claims this was supported by the Vatican.[3][4]
While Nazi leader Adolf Hitler is unanimously considered by reputable scholars to have committed suicide in Berlin near the end of the war, various conspiracy theories claim that he survived the war and fled to Argentina.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ratlines_(World_War_II_aftermath)
- the Cold War may have started even before the World Wars ended? Nazis were dispersed throughout the US/West to help in the fight against Communism?
The authors demonstrate that numerous Western countries, especially the United States and Great Britain, have conducted repeated and willful spying missions on Palestine and later Israel over many decades. While on the surface these two countries and others profess to be ardent allies of Israel, they work, in fact, through their intelligence services to betray Israel's secrets to the Arabs. Their motive: oil and multinational profits, which must be attained at any price through international covert policies.
The pageant of characters appearing in this narrative is vast and shocking. This is not only a compelling work of history, but also a volume whose grave allegations will be debated for years to come.
A classic international spy story from true life, this riveting, completely revised and updated edition of Unholy Trinity recounts one of the darkest tales of World War II. Written by the co-authors of The Secret War Against the Jews, it details the Vatican’s espionage alliance with British, French, and American intelligence. Abandoning justice to Cold War amorality, thousands of Nazi war criminals were sent down the Pope’s Ratlines to new homes in America, Canada, Britain, Australia, Argentina and other South America nations, so they could be used in the supposedly greater cause of fighting Communism.
Soviet intelligence, however, was one step ahead. The Vatican’s Nazi-smuggling network had been penetrated by Prince Anton Turkul, one of Moscow’s most effective double agents, who turned the operations into a sting for his masters in the Kremlin. Many communist double agents were also smuggled down the Ratlines, spreading the Kremlin’s poison throughout Western intelligence during the Cold War.
Unholy Trinity also contains major revelations about the Vatican’s investments in Hitler’s Germany, and the role of the Swiss banks in laundering the Nazis’ plundered gold and other loot on behalf of the Pope and Western investors. Among other things, Unholy Trinity exposes how US and British code-breakers bugged the Swiss banks, and then buried their secret Nazi gold transfers, in order to protect US intelligence chief, Allen Dulles, and his family’s treasonous clients.
This updated edition of Unholy Trinity is the definitive history of a series of profoundly disturbing cover-ups involving the Holy See, Western and Soviet intelligence services, the Swiss banks, and many of the most notorious mass killers of the Third Reich. It reveals new, scandalous details that British, American, and Vatican censors are still trying to conceal out of sheer embarrassment.
...
From Library Journal
Aarons and Loftus make a valiant effort to untangle the complex trails of diplomatic and intelligence operations in postwar Europe, focusing on Vatican participation. They document the Vatican role in British and American smuggling of Nazis to Latin America and in sending Nazi "Freedom Fighters" to Eastern Europe, noting the key role of Giovanni Montini (later Pope Paul VI). The authors conclude that Western intelligence was heavily infiltrated by double agents who harnessed many operations to Moscow's ends. Though perhaps less startling to historians than the authors suggest, this deliberately provocative account will undoubtedly stir up controversy. Buy it if you have interested patrons.
- Nancy C. Cridland, Indiana Univ. Libs., Bloomington
Copyright 1991 Reed Business Information, Inc.
From Kirkus Reviews
Head-spinning documentation of how Vatican immunity shielded Nazi war criminals from just punishment--and unwittingly aided the Communist cause. Aarons is an Australian expert on Nazi fugitives; Loftus (The Belarus Secret, 1982) is the former chief prosecutor of the Justice Department's Nazi War Crimes Unit. Vatican accommodation of Nazi escapees is well known. Less known is that by 1944 Soviet intelligence had penetrated German intelligence and was using the Vatican, which was smuggling tens of thousands of Nazis to Argentina and elsewhere via diplomatic immunity, to infiltrate the Nazi escapees with large cadres of Communist spies. Similarly, Red spies joined the German scientists being swept off to Britain and America immediately after the war (without standing trial for war crimes); thereafter, the Soviets were privy to atomic secrets firsthand. Much of this activity, according to the authors, sprang from an episode in which Papal Nuncio Eugenio Pacelli (later Pope Pius XII) was attacked by Communists in Munich on May Day 1919 and became a fervent, lifelong anti-Communist. Thus came about his ties with the Nazis, who during the Nazi occupation of Italy threatened the Vatican's very survival. Referring to the infiltration of British intelligence at its top levels by Soviet spies, Aarons and Loftus proclaim that ``behind the Nazis were the Vatican, behind the Vatican were the British, behind the British were the Communists.'' One old spy, though, told the authors, ``Forget the Communists. Trace the money.'' Doing this, they report briefly--perhaps as a teaser for their promised follow-up book--on clever international banking concerns outwitting WW II politicians, militarists, and intelligence services for their own aggrandizement. Much that is new, all of it disturbing. -- Copyright ©1991, Kirkus Associates, LP. All rights reserved.
NAZI'S (EVERYTHING)
dulles nazi
The CIA reports show that U.S. officials knew they were subsidizing numerous Third Reich veterans who had committed horrible crimes against humanity, but these atrocities were overlooked as the anti-Communist crusade acquired its own momentum. For Nazis who would otherwise have been charged with war crimes, signing on with American intelligence enabled them to avoid a prison term.
“The real winners of the cold war were Nazi war criminals, many of whom were able to escape justice because the East and West became so rapidly focused after the war on challenging each other,” says Eli Rosenbaum, director of the Justice Department’s Office of Special Investigations and America’s chief Nazi hunter. Rosenbaum serves on a Clinton-appointed Interagency Working Group (IWG) committee of U.S. scholars, public officials, and former intelligence officers who helped prepare the CIA records for declassification.
Many Nazi criminals “received light punishment, no punishment at all, or received compensation because Western spy agencies considered them useful assets in the cold war,” the IWG team stated after releasing 18,000 pages of redacted CIA material. (More installments are pending.)
These are “not just dry historical documents,” insists former congresswoman Elizabeth Holtzman, a member of the panel examining the CIA files. As far as Holtzman is concerned, the CIA papers raise critical questions about American foreign policy and the origins of the cold war.
The decision to recruit Nazi operatives had a negative impact on U.S.-Soviet relations and set the stage for Washington’s tolerance of human rights abuses and other criminal acts in the name of anti-Communism. With that fateful sub-rosa embrace, the die was cast for a litany of antidemocratic CIA interventions around the world.
- if you didn't already know many Nazi scientists were welcomed throughout the world (Africa and Asia were the only continents which seemed to not be involved or documented?). The main things that countries seemed to be after was defense and space technology (such as jets, rockets, nuclear, etc...)
BIOGRAPHY OF DR. WERNHER VON BRAUN ROCKET PIONEER V-2 ROCKET TO SATURN V 27094
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8c53I9ik3dE
Kurt H. Debus, a former Nazi scientist turned NASA director, sitting between U.S. President John F. Kennedy (right) and U.S. Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson (third from right) during a briefing at Blockhouse 34, Cape Canaveral Missile Test Annex.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Paperclip
Kurt H. Debus, a former Nazi scientist turned NASA director, sitting between U.S. President John F. Kennedy (right) and U.S. Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson (third from right) during a briefing at Blockhouse 34, Cape Canaveral Missile Test Annex.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Paperclip
nazi scientists
operation paperclip
Franz Stangl, a former SS-Hauptsturmführer and commander of the Sobibor and Treblinka extermination camps, was responsible for the deaths of almost 1 million Jews. Via Graz, Merano and Florence, he made his way to Rome and — most importantly for him — to the Vatican.
In Rome, Bishop Alois Hudal, a fellow Austrian, greeted him with the words: "You must be Franz Stangl — I've been expecting you." He then handed Stangl forged documents that allowed the Nazi war criminal to travel to Syria, where his family eventually joined him. In 1951, the Stangl family emigrated to Brazil. The man who perfected mass murder in the concentration camps spent years assembling cars at a Volkswagen plant near Sao Paulo.
Franz Stangl is one of thousands of Nazis and collaborators who, with the help of the Catholic Church, escaped Europve via routes called "ratlines" — some of which ran from Innsbruck over the Alps to Merano or Bolzano in South Tyrol, then to Rome and from there to the Italian port city of Genoa.
Stangl chose a detour via Syria, but the majority of Nazis boarded ships headed directly to South America — mainly to Argentina, the country Holocaust survivor and writer Simon Wiesenthal named the Nazis' "Cape of Last Hope." Argentina was that last country to declare war on Nazi Germany.
The collaboration between Von Braun and Silverstein was not unique. During the Apollo program, which landed Americans on the moon six times between 1969 and 1972, NASA was filled with both Jewish scientists and a large group of Germans who had worked for Hitler before and during World War II. The Nazi regime had been dedicated to the extermination of Jews. That the two groups were able to work side by side suggests a level of reconciliation, or at least acceptance, that would seem a near impossibility in today’s fractious social and political climate.
Apollo-era engineers, space historians, the engineers’ children, religious leaders and political analysts say the quiet collaboration was based on intellectual respect, a belief in redemption and a partnership forged for the nation’s benefit.
It was an era when moral judgments took a back seat to a deeply held commitment to the future of space travel and support of national goals.
The children of both the Germans and the Jews say there was never any talk at home about resentments or bigotry. Instead, their parents were laser-focused on the monumental challenge of the lunar mission. NASA historical records tell the same story.
It helped to have a little humor too.
“My dad said NASA was built by Jews, Nazis and hillbillies,” recalled Reuben Slone, the son of NASA engineer Henry Slone, a member of the Cleveland Jewish community.
The story of that collaboration has scarcely, if at all, been written about, space historians say, though much has been written about the German scientists and some about various Jewish scientists.
https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2020-03-01/who-got-america-to-the-moon-a-unlikely-collaboration-of-jews-and-former-nazi-engineers
soviet nazi scientist
Near the close and after the end of World War II in Europe, the Soviet Union and the Western powers had programs to foster technology transfer and exploit German technical specialists. For example, the United States had Operation Paperclip [1][2][3] and the Soviet Union had trophy brigades (Трофейные бригады) advancing with their military forces. In the area of atomic technology, the U.S. had Operation Alsos and the Soviet Union had their version. While operational aspects of the Soviet operation were modeled after the trophy brigades, a more refined approach was warranted for the exploitation of German atomic related facilities, intellectual materials, and scientific personnel. This was rectified with a decree in late 1944 and the formation of specialized exploitation teams in early 1945. However, the Soviet "Alsos" had broader objectives, which included wholesale relocation of scientific facilities to the Soviet Union.[4]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_Alsos
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Osoaviakhim
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Paperclip
Boris Chertok later acknowledged that German assistance had saved the Soviets years of design and development work. Those years made the space race competitive. An R-7 rocket carrying Sputnik launched in October 1957, just three months before the United States’ Explorer 1. Yuri Gagarin’s historic spaceflight in April 1961 on an R-7 variant came less than a month before the first manned American space launch. The years saved by German assistance also amplified the most dangerous moments of the nuclear confrontation. When the Cuban missile crisis occurred in October 1962, the Soviet arsenal contained only 42 ICBMs, all derived from the R-7 design. Without German technical assistance — to both the Soviet and American rocket programs — history would look very different.
While the extent of German influence on the Soviet Union’s space program and strategic forces remains debated, there was another legacy of the German teams in the Soviet Union that shapes the contemporary security landscape. As their fighter forces disintegrated under the Allied onslaught late in the war, German rocket designers had pressed forward with the development of the Wasserfall — the world’s first guided surface-to-air missile, to be used either as a tactical battlefield missile or against aircraft. A miniaturization of the V-2 design, a handful of Wasserfalls were completed during the war, but technical flaws prevented their successful deployment. Interested in the possibilities of a tactical ballistic missile, the Soviets would commission a German team to work on replicating the Wasserfall, and, eventually, to replace it with a superior design. Under the guidance of Sergei Korolev and a team of engineers headed by Viktor Makeev, the Soviet Union would successfully test a new version of this short-range ballistic missile in 1953. It would become best known by its NATO classification, the “Scud.”
Scud-A and Scud-B variants remain in service around the world. They have been deployed in combat at least eight times over the last half century, most notably during the Iran–Iraq War and the First Gulf War. During those conflicts, the Saddam Hussein regime fired nearly three hundred of the missiles at targets in Iran, Saudi Arabia, and Israel. The Scud remains significant today in the hands of several aspirant nuclear powers. In the 1980s, the Iranian and North Korean militaries acquired Soviet Scud missiles from Egypt. Reverse engineering of those rockets has led to many of the weapons systems currently in the Iranian and North Korean arsenals. Coupled with the nuclear ambitions of those two states, their rocket development programs have remade the international security landscape.
The Nazi rocket program, originally designed to threaten the Allies with destruction from afar, has left a lingering imprint. Today, new challengers are making the technology of two departed autocratic empires – the Nazi and the Soviet – their own. In that story – the transmission and transmutation of rocket technology – the forgotten German rocketeers played a vital role.
https://warontherocks.com/2019/10/the-forgotten-rocketeers-german-scientists-in-the-soviet-union-1945-1959/
china nazi scientist
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sino-German_cooperation_(1926%E2%80%931941)
Von Braun’s presence on the Apollo programme was no outlier. More than 120 German scientists and engineers joined him there, including fellow SS officer Kurt Debus (who became director of Nasa's Launch Operations Center) and Bernhard Tessmann (designer of the colossal Vertical Assembly Building at what is now Kennedy Space Center).
They were among 1,600 scientists recruited by spies as part of Operation Paperclip at the end of World War Two – all shielded from prosecution, given safe passage to the US, and allowed to continue their work.
Allied forces also snapped up other Nazi innovations. Nerve agents such as Tabun and Sarin (which would fuel the development of new insecticides as well as weapons of mass destruction), the antimalarial chloroquine, methadone and methamphetamines, as well as medical research into hypothermia, hypoxia, dehydration and more, were all generated on the back of human experiments in concentration camps.
Particleboard, forms of synthetic rubber and the soft drink Fanta were also developed by the Germans under Nazi rule.
But this was far from a one-off injection of unethical research into the scientific record. For 40 years, starting in 1932, researchers at Tuskegee University in Alabama tracked the progress of syphilis in hundreds of poor black men – none of whom were ever given a diagnosis or treatment, despite the antibiotic penicillin, which could cure the disease, being available at the time.
In a related study, US doctors in the 1940s intentionally infected unsuspecting patients with sexually transmitted infections to study the diseases. Conscious of the outcry this might generate, the experiments were performed in Guatemala.
US doctors in the 1940s intentionally infected unsuspecting patients with sexually transmitted infections to study the diseases
From 1955 to 1976, in what became known as “The Unfortunate Experiment”, hundreds of women with pre-cancerous lesions were left untreated to see if they developed cervical cancer. Details of the study only came to light following an expose by two women’s health advocates Sandra Coney and Phillida Bunkle. The New Zealand study hoped to test theories about the value of early intervention, but a later inquiry into the research by judge Silvia Cartwright criticised the treatment of patients by the doctors running the study.
The polio vaccine – and many other medical advances besides – owes its existence to human cells that were taken from Henrietta Lacks without her knowledge or consent, and who never saw any compensation from their commercialisation. The cell line grown from those initial samples have been used in countless research into drugs, toxins, viruses and also have been used to study the human genome.
And in the 1950s, Robert G Heath pioneered the use of electrodes implanted in the brain, in one case attempting to rewire sexual orientation. Today similar technology is used as a treatment for epilepsy, Parkinson’s disease and Elon Musk’s recently-announced neural lace.
It is not controversial to argue that these experiments should never have happened. But now they have, what should be done with the information they generated?
...
It’s human nature to try to draw some good out of bad situations. Even in the Warsaw Ghetto, Moe notes, Jewish doctors made meticulous notes on their fellow residents’ health, data which was smuggled out and later published as a landmark study on the effects of starvation disease.
“A decision to use the data should not be made without regret or without acknowledging the incomprehensible horror that produced them,” she writes of Nazi research. “We cannot imply any approval of the methods. Nor, however, should we let the inhumanity of the experiments blind us to the possibility that some good may be salvaged from the ashes.”
https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20190723-the-ethics-of-using-nazi-science
soviet nazi scientist
Near the close and after the end of World War II in Europe, the Soviet Union and the Western powers had programs to foster technology transfer and exploit German technical specialists. For example, the United States had Operation Paperclip [1][2][3] and the Soviet Union had trophy brigades (Трофейные бригады) advancing with their military forces. In the area of atomic technology, the U.S. had Operation Alsos and the Soviet Union had their version. While operational aspects of the Soviet operation were modeled after the trophy brigades, a more refined approach was warranted for the exploitation of German atomic related facilities, intellectual materials, and scientific personnel. This was rectified with a decree in late 1944 and the formation of specialized exploitation teams in early 1945. However, the Soviet "Alsos" had broader objectives, which included wholesale relocation of scientific facilities to the Soviet Union.[4]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_Alsos
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Osoaviakhim
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Paperclip
Boris Chertok later acknowledged that German assistance had saved the Soviets years of design and development work. Those years made the space race competitive. An R-7 rocket carrying Sputnik launched in October 1957, just three months before the United States’ Explorer 1. Yuri Gagarin’s historic spaceflight in April 1961 on an R-7 variant came less than a month before the first manned American space launch. The years saved by German assistance also amplified the most dangerous moments of the nuclear confrontation. When the Cuban missile crisis occurred in October 1962, the Soviet arsenal contained only 42 ICBMs, all derived from the R-7 design. Without German technical assistance — to both the Soviet and American rocket programs — history would look very different.
While the extent of German influence on the Soviet Union’s space program and strategic forces remains debated, there was another legacy of the German teams in the Soviet Union that shapes the contemporary security landscape. As their fighter forces disintegrated under the Allied onslaught late in the war, German rocket designers had pressed forward with the development of the Wasserfall — the world’s first guided surface-to-air missile, to be used either as a tactical battlefield missile or against aircraft. A miniaturization of the V-2 design, a handful of Wasserfalls were completed during the war, but technical flaws prevented their successful deployment. Interested in the possibilities of a tactical ballistic missile, the Soviets would commission a German team to work on replicating the Wasserfall, and, eventually, to replace it with a superior design. Under the guidance of Sergei Korolev and a team of engineers headed by Viktor Makeev, the Soviet Union would successfully test a new version of this short-range ballistic missile in 1953. It would become best known by its NATO classification, the “Scud.”
Scud-A and Scud-B variants remain in service around the world. They have been deployed in combat at least eight times over the last half century, most notably during the Iran–Iraq War and the First Gulf War. During those conflicts, the Saddam Hussein regime fired nearly three hundred of the missiles at targets in Iran, Saudi Arabia, and Israel. The Scud remains significant today in the hands of several aspirant nuclear powers. In the 1980s, the Iranian and North Korean militaries acquired Soviet Scud missiles from Egypt. Reverse engineering of those rockets has led to many of the weapons systems currently in the Iranian and North Korean arsenals. Coupled with the nuclear ambitions of those two states, their rocket development programs have remade the international security landscape.
The Nazi rocket program, originally designed to threaten the Allies with destruction from afar, has left a lingering imprint. Today, new challengers are making the technology of two departed autocratic empires – the Nazi and the Soviet – their own. In that story – the transmission and transmutation of rocket technology – the forgotten German rocketeers played a vital role.
https://warontherocks.com/2019/10/the-forgotten-rocketeers-german-scientists-in-the-soviet-union-1945-1959/
china nazi scientist
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sino-German_cooperation_(1926%E2%80%931941)
Von Braun’s presence on the Apollo programme was no outlier. More than 120 German scientists and engineers joined him there, including fellow SS officer Kurt Debus (who became director of Nasa's Launch Operations Center) and Bernhard Tessmann (designer of the colossal Vertical Assembly Building at what is now Kennedy Space Center).
They were among 1,600 scientists recruited by spies as part of Operation Paperclip at the end of World War Two – all shielded from prosecution, given safe passage to the US, and allowed to continue their work.
Allied forces also snapped up other Nazi innovations. Nerve agents such as Tabun and Sarin (which would fuel the development of new insecticides as well as weapons of mass destruction), the antimalarial chloroquine, methadone and methamphetamines, as well as medical research into hypothermia, hypoxia, dehydration and more, were all generated on the back of human experiments in concentration camps.
Particleboard, forms of synthetic rubber and the soft drink Fanta were also developed by the Germans under Nazi rule.
But this was far from a one-off injection of unethical research into the scientific record. For 40 years, starting in 1932, researchers at Tuskegee University in Alabama tracked the progress of syphilis in hundreds of poor black men – none of whom were ever given a diagnosis or treatment, despite the antibiotic penicillin, which could cure the disease, being available at the time.
In a related study, US doctors in the 1940s intentionally infected unsuspecting patients with sexually transmitted infections to study the diseases. Conscious of the outcry this might generate, the experiments were performed in Guatemala.
US doctors in the 1940s intentionally infected unsuspecting patients with sexually transmitted infections to study the diseases
From 1955 to 1976, in what became known as “The Unfortunate Experiment”, hundreds of women with pre-cancerous lesions were left untreated to see if they developed cervical cancer. Details of the study only came to light following an expose by two women’s health advocates Sandra Coney and Phillida Bunkle. The New Zealand study hoped to test theories about the value of early intervention, but a later inquiry into the research by judge Silvia Cartwright criticised the treatment of patients by the doctors running the study.
The polio vaccine – and many other medical advances besides – owes its existence to human cells that were taken from Henrietta Lacks without her knowledge or consent, and who never saw any compensation from their commercialisation. The cell line grown from those initial samples have been used in countless research into drugs, toxins, viruses and also have been used to study the human genome.
And in the 1950s, Robert G Heath pioneered the use of electrodes implanted in the brain, in one case attempting to rewire sexual orientation. Today similar technology is used as a treatment for epilepsy, Parkinson’s disease and Elon Musk’s recently-announced neural lace.
It is not controversial to argue that these experiments should never have happened. But now they have, what should be done with the information they generated?
...
It’s human nature to try to draw some good out of bad situations. Even in the Warsaw Ghetto, Moe notes, Jewish doctors made meticulous notes on their fellow residents’ health, data which was smuggled out and later published as a landmark study on the effects of starvation disease.
“A decision to use the data should not be made without regret or without acknowledging the incomprehensible horror that produced them,” she writes of Nazi research. “We cannot imply any approval of the methods. Nor, however, should we let the inhumanity of the experiments blind us to the possibility that some good may be salvaged from the ashes.”
https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20190723-the-ethics-of-using-nazi-science
- possible cover story? It's been said that Nazi scientists who were transferred to the US they were possibly aided by aliens?
Ancient Aliens - Hacking NASA Secrets (Season 12, Episode 9) _ History
Ancient Aliens - Top Secret Documents for Majic Eyes Only (Season 12, Episode 9) _ History
https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=majestic+12
united states stole nazi submarine technology
The Nazi submarine U-234, which surrendered to American forces in May 1945, was found to be carrying a surprisingly diverse cargo bound for Tokyo as part of a secretive exchange of war materiel between Hitler and Hirohito. The payload represented the pride of German technology and included parts and blueprints for proximity fuzes, antiaircraft shells, jet planes and chemical rockets.
But nothing the U-234 concealed in its warrens was more surprising than 10 containers filled with 1,200 pounds of uranium oxide, a basic material of atomic bombs. Up to then, the Allies suspected that both Nazi Germany and Imperial Japan had nuclear programs but considered them rudimentary and isolated.
Historians have quietly puzzled over that uranium shipment for years, wondering, among other things, what the American military did with it. Little headway was made because of Federal secrecy. Now, however, a former official of the Manhattan Project, John Lansdale Jr., says that the uranium went into the mix of raw materials used for making the world's first atom bombs. At the time he was an Army lieutenant colonel for intelligence and security for the atom bomb project. One of his main jobs was tracking uranium.
Mr. Lansdale's assertion in an interview raises the possibility that the American weapons that leveled the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki contained at least some nuclear material originally destined for Japan's own atomic program and, perhaps, for attacks on the United States.
If confirmed, that twist of history could add a layer to the already complex debate over whether the United States had any moral justification for using its atom bombs against Japan.
https://www.nytimes.com/1995/12/31/us/captured-cargo-captivating-mystery.html
- the penny doesn't drop into why so much goes into the industrial military complex until you realise what's actually happened in the past. A lot of significant technology has actually been stolen: jet aircraft, jet engines, bombers, rockets, nuclear bomb, cruise missiles, etc... It's almost like a comical chain of stolen technology globally at times? That said, I'd like to do a cost benefit analysis one day. My suspicion is that a lot of operations may actually cancel out? It also starts to make sense why the US spends so much on defense. They've piled legitimate and black operations together?
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sputnik_1
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DARPA
https://www.darpa.mil/program/our-research/darpa-and-the-brain-initiative
https://www.darpa.mil/work-with-us/ai-next-campaign
https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=industrial+espionage+history
https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=atomic+spies
https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=soviet+rocket+engines
nazi jet engines operation paperclip united states
https://history.nasa.gov/SP-4406/chap3.html
https://www.ge.com/reports/the-story-of-the-1st-us-jet-engine-the-hush-hush-boys-wanted-to-win-the-war-but-they-ended-up-shrinking-the-world/
1. Airborne Operations
2. Synchropters
The Messerschmitt Me 262 was the first jet airplane used in combat, and it was very effective against Allied bomber formations. Both the US and the Soviet Union seized Me 262s as they captured German territory and reverse-engineered the German planes.
While neither country would finish building jet aircraft during the war, when American F-86 Sabres later faced off against Soviet MiG-15s in MiG Alley over Korea, it was a fight between Me 262 descendants. Similarly, the US captured the Arado Ar 234 jet-powered bomber. Technology from the Arado would go on to be found in the US Army Air Force's B-45s and B-47s.
3. Jet-powered aircraft
4. Cruise missiles
5. Methamphetamines
Rocket science was one of the key areas of interest during Operation Paperclip. The scientists who pioneered the US and Soviet space programs were taken from Germany in the final months and years immediately after the war. At first, both the Americans and Soviets constructed their own V-2 bombs before kicking off the space race in earnest.
The stolen V-2s and their creators paved the way for US rocket programs, from the Redstone rockets to the Saturn and Apollo missions. The Saturn rocket, used in the Apollo program, is the only rocket that has carried a man outside of low Earth orbit.
6. Rockets
https://www.businessinsider.com/6-things-us-stole-from-germans-during-wwii-2015-5?IR=T
My favorite part of researching Our Germans was delving into the records of the Army’s Counter-Intelligence Corps (CIC) from Fall 1945 through Spring 1946. For intelligence officers scrambling through the ruins of the Third Reich in search of “rare, chosen minds” responsible for building rockets, jet engines, electric submarines, and horrific biological and chemical weapons, the rules of engagement were like ice cream, easily melted. It was the Wild West as the CIC undermined and dodged their counterparts from the British, French, and Soviet intelligence services, all of whom were scouring the country for German expertise in a number of fields. The occupying powers agreed to one set of rules and shared responsibilities on paper, but each nation quickly discarded the fragile arrangement to acquire an elusive edge over their “frenemies” when it came to technology. Commerce Secretary Henry Wallace convinced President Truman to sign off on Paperclip because the now unemployed scientists “are the only reparations we’re likely to get.” CIC officers frantically sought to safeguard Germany’s best and brightest before they fell into the hands of a rival power, and that did not always mean the Soviet Union. I read some harrowing accounts about the scramble for German scientists in these first months after the collapse. For example, French agents snuck into the US zone and pushed scientists into moving cars and spirited them across the border into France; US and British intelligence officers, supposedly the closest of partners, came to blows over “who gets what” when it came to the vaunted Wernher von Braun rocket team; and Soviet NKVD agents used a beautiful German-Jewish refugee to lure one scientist into a hotel room where the agents “encouraged” the confused German to work for the Motherland. A sense of lawlessness and paranoia took hold of the occupation forces facing an uncertain future in what amounted to a power vacuum in the heart of Europe. The Cold War for German scientists was just one aspect of the broader Cold War emerging from the ashes of the Third Reich. Our Germans is a reminder that the history of this dynamic period can be stranger (and more entertaining) than fiction.
https://www.press.jhu.edu/news/blog/project-paperclip-was-stranger-fiction
guided missiles nazi stolen
https://www.express.co.uk/news/world/997972/new-book-world-war-two-shock-claims-italy-stole-nazi-rocket
https://nationalinterest.org/blog/buzz/how-army-wanted-copy-hitlers-v-1-rockets-use-them-against-nazis-128007
Korea, 1953. The United States’ latest fighter jet, the F-86 Sabre is getting blown out of the sky. Despite being touted as the most advanced fighter in the world, American pilots can’t keep up. They’re being outgunned and outmaneuvered by a pipsqueak of a jet—the MiG-15.
...
Though Operation Moolah was ultimately unsuccessful, No’s defection out of disgust with the North Korean communist regime gave the United States a great deal of information of Soviet jet designs.
Interestingly, No said that rather than a financial reward, which North Korean and Chinese pilots would have difficulty with conceptually, citizenship and freedom would have appealed more. Either way, American pilots suffered fewer losses after No’s defection.
https://nationalinterest.org/blog/buzz/operation-moolah-secret-plan-get-russian-fighter-jet-out-north-korea-147036
list military helicopter crash
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_accidents_and_incidents_involving_military_aircraft_(2010%E2%80%932019)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_accidents_and_incidents_involving_military_aircraft_(2020%E2%80%93present)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_accidents_and_incidents_involving_military_aircraft
https://www.wikiwand.com/en/List_of_aviation_accidents_and_incidents_in_the_war_in_Afghanistan
technology stolen via espionage
https://www.industryweek.com/the-economy/article/21118569/how-china-stole-an-entire-airplane
https://www.wired.com/story/us-china-cybertheft-su-bin/
https://www.zdnet.com/article/fbi-is-investigating-more-than-1000-cases-of-chinese-theft-of-us-technology/
nazi stealth
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horten_Ho_229
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flying_wing
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chyeranovskii_BICh-3
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northrop_N-1M
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/THK-13
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northrop_YB-49
http://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2020/02/cybersecurity-attack-background.html
https://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2016/04/hybrid-warfare-more-psyops-and-more.html
https://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2016/03/psychological-warfaremind-control-more.html
http://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2020/04/what-happened-to-escaped-nazis-random.html
https://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2017/01/does-military-industrial-complex-make.html
https://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2019/06/funny-f-35joint-strike-fighter-jsf.html
united states stole nazi submarine technology
The Nazi submarine U-234, which surrendered to American forces in May 1945, was found to be carrying a surprisingly diverse cargo bound for Tokyo as part of a secretive exchange of war materiel between Hitler and Hirohito. The payload represented the pride of German technology and included parts and blueprints for proximity fuzes, antiaircraft shells, jet planes and chemical rockets.
But nothing the U-234 concealed in its warrens was more surprising than 10 containers filled with 1,200 pounds of uranium oxide, a basic material of atomic bombs. Up to then, the Allies suspected that both Nazi Germany and Imperial Japan had nuclear programs but considered them rudimentary and isolated.
Historians have quietly puzzled over that uranium shipment for years, wondering, among other things, what the American military did with it. Little headway was made because of Federal secrecy. Now, however, a former official of the Manhattan Project, John Lansdale Jr., says that the uranium went into the mix of raw materials used for making the world's first atom bombs. At the time he was an Army lieutenant colonel for intelligence and security for the atom bomb project. One of his main jobs was tracking uranium.
Mr. Lansdale's assertion in an interview raises the possibility that the American weapons that leveled the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki contained at least some nuclear material originally destined for Japan's own atomic program and, perhaps, for attacks on the United States.
If confirmed, that twist of history could add a layer to the already complex debate over whether the United States had any moral justification for using its atom bombs against Japan.
https://www.nytimes.com/1995/12/31/us/captured-cargo-captivating-mystery.html
- the penny doesn't drop into why so much goes into the industrial military complex until you realise what's actually happened in the past. A lot of significant technology has actually been stolen: jet aircraft, jet engines, bombers, rockets, nuclear bomb, cruise missiles, etc... It's almost like a comical chain of stolen technology globally at times? That said, I'd like to do a cost benefit analysis one day. My suspicion is that a lot of operations may actually cancel out? It also starts to make sense why the US spends so much on defense. They've piled legitimate and black operations together?
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sputnik_1
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DARPA
https://www.darpa.mil/program/our-research/darpa-and-the-brain-initiative
https://www.darpa.mil/work-with-us/ai-next-campaign
https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=industrial+espionage+history
https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=atomic+spies
https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=soviet+rocket+engines
nazi jet engines operation paperclip united states
https://history.nasa.gov/SP-4406/chap3.html
https://www.ge.com/reports/the-story-of-the-1st-us-jet-engine-the-hush-hush-boys-wanted-to-win-the-war-but-they-ended-up-shrinking-the-world/
1. Airborne Operations
2. Synchropters
The Messerschmitt Me 262 was the first jet airplane used in combat, and it was very effective against Allied bomber formations. Both the US and the Soviet Union seized Me 262s as they captured German territory and reverse-engineered the German planes.
While neither country would finish building jet aircraft during the war, when American F-86 Sabres later faced off against Soviet MiG-15s in MiG Alley over Korea, it was a fight between Me 262 descendants. Similarly, the US captured the Arado Ar 234 jet-powered bomber. Technology from the Arado would go on to be found in the US Army Air Force's B-45s and B-47s.
3. Jet-powered aircraft
4. Cruise missiles
5. Methamphetamines
Rocket science was one of the key areas of interest during Operation Paperclip. The scientists who pioneered the US and Soviet space programs were taken from Germany in the final months and years immediately after the war. At first, both the Americans and Soviets constructed their own V-2 bombs before kicking off the space race in earnest.
The stolen V-2s and their creators paved the way for US rocket programs, from the Redstone rockets to the Saturn and Apollo missions. The Saturn rocket, used in the Apollo program, is the only rocket that has carried a man outside of low Earth orbit.
6. Rockets
https://www.businessinsider.com/6-things-us-stole-from-germans-during-wwii-2015-5?IR=T
My favorite part of researching Our Germans was delving into the records of the Army’s Counter-Intelligence Corps (CIC) from Fall 1945 through Spring 1946. For intelligence officers scrambling through the ruins of the Third Reich in search of “rare, chosen minds” responsible for building rockets, jet engines, electric submarines, and horrific biological and chemical weapons, the rules of engagement were like ice cream, easily melted. It was the Wild West as the CIC undermined and dodged their counterparts from the British, French, and Soviet intelligence services, all of whom were scouring the country for German expertise in a number of fields. The occupying powers agreed to one set of rules and shared responsibilities on paper, but each nation quickly discarded the fragile arrangement to acquire an elusive edge over their “frenemies” when it came to technology. Commerce Secretary Henry Wallace convinced President Truman to sign off on Paperclip because the now unemployed scientists “are the only reparations we’re likely to get.” CIC officers frantically sought to safeguard Germany’s best and brightest before they fell into the hands of a rival power, and that did not always mean the Soviet Union. I read some harrowing accounts about the scramble for German scientists in these first months after the collapse. For example, French agents snuck into the US zone and pushed scientists into moving cars and spirited them across the border into France; US and British intelligence officers, supposedly the closest of partners, came to blows over “who gets what” when it came to the vaunted Wernher von Braun rocket team; and Soviet NKVD agents used a beautiful German-Jewish refugee to lure one scientist into a hotel room where the agents “encouraged” the confused German to work for the Motherland. A sense of lawlessness and paranoia took hold of the occupation forces facing an uncertain future in what amounted to a power vacuum in the heart of Europe. The Cold War for German scientists was just one aspect of the broader Cold War emerging from the ashes of the Third Reich. Our Germans is a reminder that the history of this dynamic period can be stranger (and more entertaining) than fiction.
https://www.press.jhu.edu/news/blog/project-paperclip-was-stranger-fiction
guided missiles nazi stolen
https://www.express.co.uk/news/world/997972/new-book-world-war-two-shock-claims-italy-stole-nazi-rocket
https://nationalinterest.org/blog/buzz/how-army-wanted-copy-hitlers-v-1-rockets-use-them-against-nazis-128007
Korea, 1953. The United States’ latest fighter jet, the F-86 Sabre is getting blown out of the sky. Despite being touted as the most advanced fighter in the world, American pilots can’t keep up. They’re being outgunned and outmaneuvered by a pipsqueak of a jet—the MiG-15.
...
Though Operation Moolah was ultimately unsuccessful, No’s defection out of disgust with the North Korean communist regime gave the United States a great deal of information of Soviet jet designs.
Interestingly, No said that rather than a financial reward, which North Korean and Chinese pilots would have difficulty with conceptually, citizenship and freedom would have appealed more. Either way, American pilots suffered fewer losses after No’s defection.
https://nationalinterest.org/blog/buzz/operation-moolah-secret-plan-get-russian-fighter-jet-out-north-korea-147036
list military helicopter crash
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_accidents_and_incidents_involving_military_aircraft_(2010%E2%80%932019)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_accidents_and_incidents_involving_military_aircraft_(2020%E2%80%93present)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_accidents_and_incidents_involving_military_aircraft
https://www.wikiwand.com/en/List_of_aviation_accidents_and_incidents_in_the_war_in_Afghanistan
technology stolen via espionage
https://www.industryweek.com/the-economy/article/21118569/how-china-stole-an-entire-airplane
https://www.wired.com/story/us-china-cybertheft-su-bin/
https://www.zdnet.com/article/fbi-is-investigating-more-than-1000-cases-of-chinese-theft-of-us-technology/
nazi stealth
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horten_Ho_229
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flying_wing
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chyeranovskii_BICh-3
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northrop_N-1M
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/THK-13
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northrop_YB-49
http://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2020/02/cybersecurity-attack-background.html
https://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2016/04/hybrid-warfare-more-psyops-and-more.html
https://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2016/03/psychological-warfaremind-control-more.html
http://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2020/04/what-happened-to-escaped-nazis-random.html
https://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2017/01/does-military-industrial-complex-make.html
https://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2019/06/funny-f-35joint-strike-fighter-jsf.html
- a lot of people have noticed that there are similarities between Nazi culture and a lot of overt and covert operations elsewhere. Cornel West says that US political policy is white supremacy driven? If you examine a lot of Russian media networks you'll notice that they try to link the US and Nazi political policy sometimes?
empire files youtube
Empire Files
The Empire Files with Abby Martin
What Is Dialectical Logic ft. Ben Burgis
West has called the US a "racist patriarchal" nation where white supremacy continues to define everyday life. "White America", he writes, "has been historically weak-willed in ensuring racial justice and has continued to resist fully accepting the humanity of blacks." This has resulted, he says, in the creation of many "degraded and oppressed people hungry for identity, meaning, and self-worth." West attributes most of the black community's problems to "existential angst derive[d] from the lived experience of ontological wounds and emotional scars inflicted by white supremacist beliefs and images permeating U.S. society and culture."[70]
In West's view, the September 11 attacks gave white Americans a glimpse of what it means to be a black person in the United States—feeling "unsafe, unprotected, subject to random violence, and hatred" for who they are.[71] "The ugly terrorist attacks on innocent civilians on 9/11", he said, "plunged the whole country into the blues."[71]
West was arrested on October 13, 2014, while protesting against the shooting of Michael Brown and participating in Ferguson October,[72][73] and again on August 10, 2015, while demonstrating outside a courthouse in St. Louis on the one-year anniversary of Brown's death.[74] The 2015 documentary film #Bars4Justice includes footage of West demonstrating and being arrested in Ferguson.[75]
Decades of neo-liberal capitalism cheer-led by both GOP and Dem establishments cut hospitals and beds. Making profits the "bottom line" (ahead of all else) - was and is capitalism's basic flaw. The Corona pandemic proves it.
neo nazi
Neo-Nazism consists of post-World War II militant, social or political movements seeking to revive and implement the ideology of Nazism. Neo-Nazis seek to employ their ideology to promote hatred and attack minorities, or in some cases to create a fascist state.[1][2] It is a global phenomenon, with organized representation in many countries and international networks. It borrows elements from Nazi doctrine, including ultranationalism, racism, xenophobia, ableism, homophobia, anti-Romanyism, antisemitism, anti-communism and initiating the Fourth Reich. Holocaust denial is a common feature, as is the incorporation of Nazi symbols and admiration of Adolf Hitler.
In some European and Latin American countries, laws prohibit the expression of pro-Nazi, racist, anti-semitic, or homophobic views. Many Nazi-related symbols are banned in European countries (especially Germany) in an effort to curtail neo-Nazism.[3]
- the role PSYOPS plays in the way a person breaks (mentally) is critically important. As mentioned in my other post the way that they break is often determined on their background. If they were religious as a child they would likely to break that way, if they watched violent movies they'll likely to be to break that way, if they were immersed in sexual culture they'll break that way, etc... Phobias are a problem but once you understand how they work they tell you a person will likely to break. A person with a phobia of water may run or become violent just to get away from water. The impact and influence on the perspective of people is interesting as well. If you watch children grow up you realise how heavily they are influenced by mass media. They are much more inclined to be violent if they watch violent films. It will make more sense what religious fundamentalist societies are doing in this respect. They don't want to become tainted. They are less likely to be ill and have longer lifespans also
- if you understand that the Nazis may have gone to the US/West it makes sense that they would attempt to penetrate the US/West military industrial complex? Israel stole nuclear bomb technology from US? Troll farms, media gaslighting/social engineering on a massive scale via cyber centres? Nationalism rules the world at the moment?
New NYC Cyber Center Is Run By Israeli Groups With Direct Ties To Israeli Intelligence & Shady Pasts
israel megagroup
israel nuclear weapons program
The State of Israel is widely believed to possess nuclear weapons. Estimates of Israel's stockpile range between 80 and 400 nuclear warheads,[6][7][8][19][2][10] and the country is believed to possess the ability to deliver them in several methods, including by aircraft; as submarine-launched cruise missiles; and the Jericho series of intermediate to intercontinental range ballistic missiles.[20][21] Its first deliverable nuclear weapon is thought to have been completed in late 1966 or early 1967; which would make it the sixth country in the world to have developed them.[22][2][23]
However, Israel maintains a policy of deliberate ambiguity, never officially denying nor admitting to having nuclear weapons, instead repeating over the years that "Israel will not be the first country to introduce nuclear weapons to the Middle East".[24][25][26] Israel has also declined to sign the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT), despite international pressure to do so, saying that would be contrary to its national security interests.[27]
Additionally, Israel developed the Begin Doctrine of counter-proliferation and preventive strikes, denying other regional actors the ability to acquire their own nuclear weapons. The Israeli Air Force conducted Operation Opera and Operation Orchard, destroying the Iraqi and Syrian nuclear reactors in 1981 and 2007, respectively, and the Stuxnet malware that severely damaged Iranian nuclear facilities in 2010 is thought to have been developed by Israel. As of 2019, Israel remains the only country in the Middle East believed to possess nuclear weapons.[23] The Samson Option refers to Israel's deterrence strategy of massive retaliation with nuclear weapons as a "last resort" against a country whose military has invaded and/or destroyed much of Israel.[28]
Israel began to investigate the nuclear field soon after it declared independence in 1948 and, with French co-operation, secretly began building the Shimon Peres Negev Nuclear Research Center,[c] a facility near Dimona housing a nuclear reactor and reprocessing plant in the late 1950s. The first extensive details of the weapons program came in October 5, 1986, with media coverage of revelations from Mordechai Vanunu, a technician formerly employed at the center. Vanunu was soon kidnapped by the Mossad and brought back to Israel, where he was sentenced to 18 years in prison for treason and espionage.[29][30]
...
Israel's first Prime Minister David Ben-Gurion was "nearly obsessed" with obtaining nuclear weapons to prevent the Holocaust from recurring. He stated, "What Einstein, Oppenheimer, and Teller, the three of them are Jews, made for the United States, could also be done by scientists in Israel, for their own people".[31] Ben-Gurion decided to recruit Jewish scientists from abroad even before the end of the 1948 Arab–Israeli War that established Israel's independence. He and others, such as head of the Weizmann Institute of Science and defense ministry scientist Ernst David Bergmann, believed and hoped that Jewish scientists such as Oppenheimer and Teller would help Israel.[32]
In 1949 a unit of the Israel Defense Forces Science Corps, known by the Hebrew acronym HEMED GIMMEL, began a two-year geological survey of the Negev. While a preliminary study was initially prompted by rumors of petroleum fields, one objective of the longer two year survey was to find sources of uranium; some small recoverable amounts were found in phosphate deposits.[21] That year Hemed Gimmel funded six Israeli physics graduate students to study overseas, including one to go to the University of Chicago and study under Enrico Fermi, who had overseen the world's first artificial and self-sustaining nuclear chain reaction.[33] In early 1952 Hemed Gimmel was moved from the IDF to the Ministry of Defense and was reorganized as the Division of Research and Infrastructure (EMET). That June, Bergmann was appointed by Ben-Gurion to be the first chairman of the Israel Atomic Energy Commission (IAEC).[34]
...
Top secret British documents[58][59] obtained by BBC Newsnight show that Britain made hundreds of secret shipments of restricted materials to Israel in the 1950s and 1960s. These included specialist chemicals for reprocessing and samples of fissile material—uranium-235 in 1959, and plutonium in 1966, as well as highly enriched lithium-6, which is used to boost fission bombs and fuel hydrogen bombs.[60] The investigation also showed that Britain shipped 20 tons of heavy water directly to Israel in 1959 and 1960 to start up the Dimona reactor.[61] The transaction was made through a Norwegian front company called Noratom, which took a 2% commission on the transaction. Britain was challenged about the heavy water deal at the International Atomic Energy Agency after it was exposed on Newsnight in 2005. British Foreign Minister Kim Howells claimed this was a sale to Norway. But a former British intelligence officer who investigated the deal at the time confirmed that this was really a sale to Israel and the Noratom contract was just a charade.[62] The Foreign Office finally admitted in March 2006 that Britain knew the destination was Israel all along.[63] Israel admits running the Dimona reactor with Norway's heavy water since 1963. French engineers who helped build Dimona say the Israelis were expert operators, so only a relatively small portion of the water was lost during the years since the reactor was first put into operation.[64]
...
According to Lieutenant Colonel Warner D. Farr in a report to the US Air Force Counterproliferation Center, much lateral proliferation happened between pre-nuclear Israel and France, stating "the French nuclear test in 1960 made two nuclear powers, not one—such was the depth of collaboration" and that "the Israelis had unrestricted access to French nuclear test explosion data," minimizing the need for early Israeli testing, although this cooperation cooled following the success of the French tests.[1]
In June 1976, a West Germany army magazine, Wehrtechnik ("military technology"), claimed that Western intelligence reports documented Israel conducting an underground test in the Negev in 1963. The book Nuclear Weapons in the Middle East: Dimensions and Responsibilities by Taysir Nashif cites other reports that on November 2, 1966, the country may have carried out a non-nuclear test, speculated to be zero yield or implosion in nature in the Israeli Negev desert.[21][1]
On September 22, 1979, Israel may have been involved in a possible nuclear bomb test, also known as the Vela Incident, in the southern Indian Ocean. A committee was set up under then-U.S. president Jimmy Carter, headed by Professor Jack Ruina of MIT. Most of the committee's members assumed that South African navy vessels had sailed out of Simonstown port, near Cape Town, to a secret location in the Indian Ocean, where they conducted the nuclear test. The committee defined the nuclear device tested as compact and especially clean, emitting little radioactive fallout, making it very nearly impossible to pinpoint. Another committee assessment concluded a cannon had fired a nuclear artillery shell, and the detected test was focused on a small tactical nuclear weapon. After renouncing their nuclear weapons program South Africa was revealed to only have six large, primitive, aircraft-deliverable atomic bombs with a seventh being built, but no sophisticated miniaturized devices of the artillery shell size.[88] Professor Avner Cohen, professor at the Middlebury Institute of International Studies, and the Director of the Education Program and Senior Fellow at the James Martin Center for Nonproliferation Studies, stated regarding the Vela Incident that "Now, 40 years later, there is a scientific and historical consensus that it was a nuclear test and that it had to be Israeli."[89] In what they called the "Last Secret of the Six-Day War", The New York Times reported that in the days before the 1967 Six-Day War Israel planned to insert a team of paratroopers by helicopter into the Sinai set up and remote detonate a nuclear bomb on command from the prime minister and military command on a mountaintop as a warning to belligerent surrounding states. However, Israel won the war before the test could even be set up. Retired Israeli brigadier general Itzhak Yaakov referred to this operation as the Israeli Samson Option.[90]
Pioneering American nuclear weapons designer Theodore Taylor commented on the uncertainties involved in the process of boosting small fission weapons and the thermonuclear designs seen in the Vanunu leaked photographs. He stated that these designs required more than theoretical analysis for full confidence in the weapons' performance. Taylor therefore concluded that Israel had "unequivocally" tested an advanced series miniaturized nuclear device.[91]
The State of Israel is widely believed to possess nuclear weapons. Estimates of Israel's stockpile range between 80 and 400 nuclear warheads,[6][7][8][19][2][10] and the country is believed to possess the ability to deliver them in several methods, including by aircraft; as submarine-launched cruise missiles; and the Jericho series of intermediate to intercontinental range ballistic missiles.[20][21] Its first deliverable nuclear weapon is thought to have been completed in late 1966 or early 1967; which would make it the sixth country in the world to have developed them.[22][2][23]
However, Israel maintains a policy of deliberate ambiguity, never officially denying nor admitting to having nuclear weapons, instead repeating over the years that "Israel will not be the first country to introduce nuclear weapons to the Middle East".[24][25][26] Israel has also declined to sign the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT), despite international pressure to do so, saying that would be contrary to its national security interests.[27]
Additionally, Israel developed the Begin Doctrine of counter-proliferation and preventive strikes, denying other regional actors the ability to acquire their own nuclear weapons. The Israeli Air Force conducted Operation Opera and Operation Orchard, destroying the Iraqi and Syrian nuclear reactors in 1981 and 2007, respectively, and the Stuxnet malware that severely damaged Iranian nuclear facilities in 2010 is thought to have been developed by Israel. As of 2019, Israel remains the only country in the Middle East believed to possess nuclear weapons.[23] The Samson Option refers to Israel's deterrence strategy of massive retaliation with nuclear weapons as a "last resort" against a country whose military has invaded and/or destroyed much of Israel.[28]
Israel began to investigate the nuclear field soon after it declared independence in 1948 and, with French co-operation, secretly began building the Shimon Peres Negev Nuclear Research Center,[c] a facility near Dimona housing a nuclear reactor and reprocessing plant in the late 1950s. The first extensive details of the weapons program came in October 5, 1986, with media coverage of revelations from Mordechai Vanunu, a technician formerly employed at the center. Vanunu was soon kidnapped by the Mossad and brought back to Israel, where he was sentenced to 18 years in prison for treason and espionage.[29][30]
...
Israel's first Prime Minister David Ben-Gurion was "nearly obsessed" with obtaining nuclear weapons to prevent the Holocaust from recurring. He stated, "What Einstein, Oppenheimer, and Teller, the three of them are Jews, made for the United States, could also be done by scientists in Israel, for their own people".[31] Ben-Gurion decided to recruit Jewish scientists from abroad even before the end of the 1948 Arab–Israeli War that established Israel's independence. He and others, such as head of the Weizmann Institute of Science and defense ministry scientist Ernst David Bergmann, believed and hoped that Jewish scientists such as Oppenheimer and Teller would help Israel.[32]
In 1949 a unit of the Israel Defense Forces Science Corps, known by the Hebrew acronym HEMED GIMMEL, began a two-year geological survey of the Negev. While a preliminary study was initially prompted by rumors of petroleum fields, one objective of the longer two year survey was to find sources of uranium; some small recoverable amounts were found in phosphate deposits.[21] That year Hemed Gimmel funded six Israeli physics graduate students to study overseas, including one to go to the University of Chicago and study under Enrico Fermi, who had overseen the world's first artificial and self-sustaining nuclear chain reaction.[33] In early 1952 Hemed Gimmel was moved from the IDF to the Ministry of Defense and was reorganized as the Division of Research and Infrastructure (EMET). That June, Bergmann was appointed by Ben-Gurion to be the first chairman of the Israel Atomic Energy Commission (IAEC).[34]
...
Top secret British documents[58][59] obtained by BBC Newsnight show that Britain made hundreds of secret shipments of restricted materials to Israel in the 1950s and 1960s. These included specialist chemicals for reprocessing and samples of fissile material—uranium-235 in 1959, and plutonium in 1966, as well as highly enriched lithium-6, which is used to boost fission bombs and fuel hydrogen bombs.[60] The investigation also showed that Britain shipped 20 tons of heavy water directly to Israel in 1959 and 1960 to start up the Dimona reactor.[61] The transaction was made through a Norwegian front company called Noratom, which took a 2% commission on the transaction. Britain was challenged about the heavy water deal at the International Atomic Energy Agency after it was exposed on Newsnight in 2005. British Foreign Minister Kim Howells claimed this was a sale to Norway. But a former British intelligence officer who investigated the deal at the time confirmed that this was really a sale to Israel and the Noratom contract was just a charade.[62] The Foreign Office finally admitted in March 2006 that Britain knew the destination was Israel all along.[63] Israel admits running the Dimona reactor with Norway's heavy water since 1963. French engineers who helped build Dimona say the Israelis were expert operators, so only a relatively small portion of the water was lost during the years since the reactor was first put into operation.[64]
...
According to Lieutenant Colonel Warner D. Farr in a report to the US Air Force Counterproliferation Center, much lateral proliferation happened between pre-nuclear Israel and France, stating "the French nuclear test in 1960 made two nuclear powers, not one—such was the depth of collaboration" and that "the Israelis had unrestricted access to French nuclear test explosion data," minimizing the need for early Israeli testing, although this cooperation cooled following the success of the French tests.[1]
In June 1976, a West Germany army magazine, Wehrtechnik ("military technology"), claimed that Western intelligence reports documented Israel conducting an underground test in the Negev in 1963. The book Nuclear Weapons in the Middle East: Dimensions and Responsibilities by Taysir Nashif cites other reports that on November 2, 1966, the country may have carried out a non-nuclear test, speculated to be zero yield or implosion in nature in the Israeli Negev desert.[21][1]
On September 22, 1979, Israel may have been involved in a possible nuclear bomb test, also known as the Vela Incident, in the southern Indian Ocean. A committee was set up under then-U.S. president Jimmy Carter, headed by Professor Jack Ruina of MIT. Most of the committee's members assumed that South African navy vessels had sailed out of Simonstown port, near Cape Town, to a secret location in the Indian Ocean, where they conducted the nuclear test. The committee defined the nuclear device tested as compact and especially clean, emitting little radioactive fallout, making it very nearly impossible to pinpoint. Another committee assessment concluded a cannon had fired a nuclear artillery shell, and the detected test was focused on a small tactical nuclear weapon. After renouncing their nuclear weapons program South Africa was revealed to only have six large, primitive, aircraft-deliverable atomic bombs with a seventh being built, but no sophisticated miniaturized devices of the artillery shell size.[88] Professor Avner Cohen, professor at the Middlebury Institute of International Studies, and the Director of the Education Program and Senior Fellow at the James Martin Center for Nonproliferation Studies, stated regarding the Vela Incident that "Now, 40 years later, there is a scientific and historical consensus that it was a nuclear test and that it had to be Israeli."[89] In what they called the "Last Secret of the Six-Day War", The New York Times reported that in the days before the 1967 Six-Day War Israel planned to insert a team of paratroopers by helicopter into the Sinai set up and remote detonate a nuclear bomb on command from the prime minister and military command on a mountaintop as a warning to belligerent surrounding states. However, Israel won the war before the test could even be set up. Retired Israeli brigadier general Itzhak Yaakov referred to this operation as the Israeli Samson Option.[90]
Pioneering American nuclear weapons designer Theodore Taylor commented on the uncertainties involved in the process of boosting small fission weapons and the thermonuclear designs seen in the Vanunu leaked photographs. He stated that these designs required more than theoretical analysis for full confidence in the weapons' performance. Taylor therefore concluded that Israel had "unequivocally" tested an advanced series miniaturized nuclear device.[91]
israel stole nuclear technology
- human rights is used as a front to pursue particular agendas? Double standards issue common across world. Israel manipulating US government policies to penalise those who who take part in BDS movement? The truth is biased?
Israel Bombs Syria & Brags About Meddling In US Politics To Attack Americans Who Boycott Israel
right to exist
The right to exist is said to be an attribute of nations. According to an essay by the nineteenth-century French philosopher Ernest Renan, a state has the right to exist when individuals are willing to sacrifice their own interests for the community it represents.
deaths via religion
“From the confines of Jerusalem and the city of Constantinople a horrible tale has gone forth and very frequently has been brought to our ears, namely, that a race from the kingdom of the Persians, an accursed race, a race utterly alienated from God, a generation forsooth which has not directed its heart and has not entrusted its spirit to God, has invaded the lands of those Christians and has depopulated them by the sword, pillage and fire; it has led away a part of the captives into its own country, and a part it has destroyed by cruel tortures; it has either entirely destroyed the churches of God or appropriated them for the rites of its own religion.”
...
In conclusion, no precise numbers can be alotted to either religion, especially due to historical inaccuracies and biases. But I do feel the need to remind you of one small thing. This is the continuation of the Islamic death toll to this very day, all over the Middle East by Jihadist groups (ISIS, Taliban, Boko Haram, Al-Nusra etc.) as well as Europe (Manchester, London, Berlin, Stockholm and Paris) as in where Christianity has calmed down and reformed itself. So even if Christianity has a larger death toll (something I cannot confirm or refute) Islam will soon overtake it if they do not pay attention to modernist reformers like Imam Tawhidi, Ayaan Hirsi Ali and Majid Nawaz etc.
deaths by religion
- fashion reflects society. Nazi clothing reflects power. Hugo Boss made uniforms for Nazis. People and invididuals were forced to make up for what they did during World Wars and de-Nazify? Hugo Boss died shortly after 1947. Hugo Boss did not design Nazi uniforms. It was contracted out. Despite what humans say about equality most humans value status? Normal uniform of Nazis were brown. SS uniform was black and they were charged with protection of Hitler and Nazi elite. SS were amongst the elite of Nazi society. Nazis want to be accepted to the world and the German people. They spent a lot of research and work on PSYOPS. You can see the influence of Nazi work and research nowadays. Black suits and style? Constant use of PSYOPS and propaganda. Notice how news tracks foreign policy for a lot of countries?
Hugo Boss' Secret Nazi History _ Fashion At War _ M2M Exclusive Documentary
[172] Google Whistleblower Reveals Censorship
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1puYPjWooDo
nazi propaganda technique
https://slate.com/news-and-politics/2017/03/how-nazi-propaganda-encouraged-the-masses-to-co-produce-a-false-reality.html
https://encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/en/article/nazi-propaganda
https://www.ushmm.org/collections/bibliography/nazi-propaganda
A big lie (German: große Lüge) is a propaganda technique and logical fallacy. The expression was coined by Adolf Hitler, when he dictated his 1925 book Mein Kampf, about the use of a lie so "colossal" that no one would believe that someone "could have the impudence to distort the truth so infamously". Hitler believed the technique was used by Jews to blame Germany's loss in World War I on German general Erich Ludendorff, who was a prominent nationalist and antisemitic political leader in the Weimar Republic.
...
Various sources, both popular and scholarly, attribute the following passage to Joseph Goebbels. However, it is not currently known which piece of writing this is attributed to and when it was written, or if it even was Goebbels who authored it.[2]
If you tell a lie big enough and keep repeating it, people will eventually come to believe it. The lie can be maintained only for such time as the State can shield the people from the political, economic and/or military consequences of the lie. It thus becomes vitally important for the State to use all of its powers to repress dissent, for the truth is the mortal enemy of the lie, and thus by extension, the truth is the greatest enemy of the State.
It is verified that Goebbels did put forth a theory which has come to be more commonly associated with the expression "big lie". Goebbels wrote the following paragraph in an article dated 12 January 1941, 16 years after Hitler's first use of the phrase. The article, titled Aus Churchills Lügenfabrik (English: "From Churchill's Lie Factory") was published in Die Zeit ohne Beispiel.
The essential English leadership secret does not depend on particular intelligence. Rather, it depends on a remarkably stupid thick-headedness. The English follow the principle that when one lies, one should lie big, and stick to it. They keep up their lies, even at the risk of looking ridiculous.[3]
...
The phrase was also used in a report prepared during the war by the United States Office of Strategic Services in describing Hitler's psychological profile:[6]
His primary rules were: never allow the public to cool off; never admit a fault or wrong; never concede that there may be some good in your enemy; never leave room for alternatives; never accept blame; concentrate on one enemy at a time and blame him for everything that goes wrong; people will believe a big lie sooner than a little one; and if you repeat it frequently enough people will sooner or later believe it.[7]
The above quote appears in the report, A Psychological Analysis of Adolph Hitler: His Life and Legend, by Walter C. Langer,[7][8] which is available from the US National Archives. [9] A somewhat similar quote appears in Analysis of the Personality of Adolph Hitler: With Predictions of His Future Behaviour and Suggestions for Dealing with Him Now and After Germany's Surrender, by Henry A. Murray, October 1943[10]:
Never to admit a fault or wrong; never to accept blame; concentrate on one enemy at a time; blame that enemy for everything that goes wrong; take advantage of every opportunity to raise a political whirlwind
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_lie
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mein_Kampf
https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=Mein+Kampf
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aryan_race
Circa 1967, the name Directorate D was changed for Service A, the letter standing this time for “Active Measures”. The change accompanied three events of importance. First, the health of Colonel Agayants was ailing seriously and incapacitated him. Second, the man chosen to take over the position was Yuri Modin. Modin eventually made a reputation for himself in all Western intelligence agencies, by being known as case officer of the “Cambridge Five” from 1948 to 1951, and then as “controller” (supervisor) of their new case officers until 1963. In passing, it should be said that the job of the Cambridge Five was essentially relevant to offensive counterespionage at some point; that is to say, deception, of which Modin became a specialist ultimately, almost the same way Agayants did when he was entrusted intelligence missions in France. Most likely, Agayants played a role of considerable importance in the gradual rise of Soviet influence in France from the end the WWII to 1960, by doing the same job as Modin did in Britain from 1948 to 1963.[10]
The change from directorate to service was not of pure form, because the active measures, by then, had evolved toward a doctrine, with its own rules and highly organized proceedings that together not only was changing the way the whole KGB was working, but even the strategy of the Soviet governmental apparatus. Therefore, the thinking body Agayants had created had gained an importance that justified greater trust in its staff of managers, thinkers, and experts, and greater secrecy around its existence and works. Indeed, active measures yielded even greater results that the espionage activities of the First Chief Directorate of the KGB itself, since it was in capacity to take over foreign countries silently, instead of just spying on them.[11] Agayants died on May 12, 1968, from tuberculosis he had contracted in the 1930s, one year after he was named Deputy Head of the First Chief Directorate of the KGB, a promotion that was more a reward for his accomplishments than effective, and perhaps even of pure form given the influence he had gradually gained over the entire KGB, as its eminence grise. Today, Agayants is regarded in the SVR RF as master in camouflage (“maskirovka”) and deception, founding father of the active measures, famous figure in the history of Soviet intelligence and even of Russia as it is nowadays. Indeed, at their inception, active measures based conceptually on military camouflage, from which the practice extended to more abstract applications and forms fitting the missions of the Soviet intelligence service. Active measures are presented as a largely encompassing doctrine in intelligence, originally and directly inspired by the purpose of camouflage in the military and in wartime, well-named mackирoвка (maskirovka) in Russian. For maskirovka means, “disguise,” “disguising (oneself),” “masking,” and “concealment,” which sounds less military, already. Note the interesting root “mask,” here taken from the other Russian word mackа (maska), which means, “mask” literally, and “guise”.[12] Active measures gradually extended to politics and foreign affairs as a surer and more sophisticated means to conceal real aims today we use to call, “hidden agenda”. This was shrouded in an all-Soviet perception and definition of intelligence, which fundamentally differs from these of the Western World. Service A remained the name of the KGB department responsible for active measures until the dissolution of this foreign intelligence service, in 1991.
Not only the active measures resumed in the Russian Federation, but since the late 1960s, it had evolved to a far-reaching doctrine whose application encompasses intelligence operations, foreign affairs, industry and business, and domestic politics, in order to enforce a coherence in a global action of conquests abroad. For a while, the U.S. intelligence community had an Active Measures Working Group, created in 1981 under the presidency of Ronald Reagan to strike back against Soviet active measures, precisely. This particular body was dismantled circa 1992, on the grounds that the Soviet Union had disappeared and several other arguments, although its final report, published in June of that latter year, warned of the existence of several ongoing Russian hostile actions against the United States, indeed relevant to active measures.
In a book he published in 2019, Dominique Poirier, former employee of the French intelligence service, DGSE, and specialist in influence and disinformation in this agency, explains that the Soviet active measures actually gathered an informal series of practices and tactics in intelligence and foreign affairs that the Nazis had been the first to use, much earlier in the 1930. The idea of the Nazis had been to integrate industry, business, and domestic politics in actions in intelligence, as a logical consequence of a perception of the state as an “organic entity,” that is to say, an inseparable whole. The concept of “living organic state” was first imagined in the early 1900s by Friedrich Ratzel, for he actually graduated in zoology and became a self-taught geographer while traveling and working as journalist to make a living. Ratzel had given the noun “raum,” or “vital space” to his perception of the state. In 1905, Swedish political scientist and politician Rudolf Kjellén perfected it and renamed it “staatsbiologie,” or “biology of the state,” at the same time he coined the word “geopolitik”.
The theories of Ratzel and Kjellén influenced German economist and theoretician of Socialism Werner Sombart, who became one of the most influential sociologists in Nazi Germany between 1931 and 1938. The concept of the Nation-State as biological entity, multicellular, along with the other concept of “autarchy” that Sombart also borrowed to Ratzel and Kjellén and shared with Hitler, all along pervades his discourse. Sombart, as a socialist ideologue and exponent of economic planning, was unable to see the industry otherwise than as a feature of capitalism serving individualistic profit. He introduced in the Nazi economy this biological perception, whose theory he explained in an essay he first published in 1934.[13] In this same book, Sombart also defended the virtues of propaganda.[14]
From the concept of Kjellén, Adolf Hitler extended deception to diplomacy, foreign affair, industry and business since they were integral to the notion of “living organic state” either. Thus, Hitler informally established a gathering of guidelines that the Soviets took up decades later and named “active measures,” exemplified below.
All along the 1930s, Hitler had fighter planes and bombers designed and built, a secret enterprise camouflaged under the appearances of sport race planes and airliners building, to constitute a powerful air force in violation of the Versailles Treaty of June 1919. The trainings of pilots for those fighter planes also were camouflaged under pretenses of aerial acrobatics and sail gliding clubs through Hitler’s youth movement. Whereas in German factories, tens of thousands of workers mass-produced armaments, also in secrecy and, again, camouflaged under varied pretenses, All this while German diplomats were negotiating concessions on the Versailles Treaty, on claims of good intentions, self-defense, and of regaining sovereignty, also to rebuild a war navy with a focus on submarines. At the same time, German industrialists in business trips abroad all consistently lied about what was secretly underway in their country. Germans investors tried to produce films in Hollywood, touting the virtues of the new and peaceful German society under Nazism while the Olympic Games were unfolding in Berlin.
When he started the war, Hitler contrived to launch all his attacks on the eve of weekends, knowing that the decision-makers of the countries he invaded were all gone from offices on Saturdays and Sundays. Blitzkrieg was the word meaning swiftly waging war, catching the adversary by surprise … before Monday! The scheme Hitler found to justify his invasion of Poland, with the attack of the radio station of Gleiwitz (Gleiwitz incident) by few German commandos, disguised in Polish soldiers, who from this place broadcast false anti-German propaganda, epitomizes what Soviet tricks were not until the 1960s.
“To succeed in all this, the whole German Nation first had to partake in it, or to be also deceived.[15]
Circa 1980, the French foreign intelligence service, DGSE, imported and adopted the active measures as a doctrine regulating deception in diplomacy and foreign affairs, organized by the Intelligence and Security Service, whereas another service with a specialty in influence and “counterinterference” (counterinfluence) plans it in domestic politics.[16]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Active_measures
nazi propaganda technique
https://slate.com/news-and-politics/2017/03/how-nazi-propaganda-encouraged-the-masses-to-co-produce-a-false-reality.html
https://encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/en/article/nazi-propaganda
https://www.ushmm.org/collections/bibliography/nazi-propaganda
A big lie (German: große Lüge) is a propaganda technique and logical fallacy. The expression was coined by Adolf Hitler, when he dictated his 1925 book Mein Kampf, about the use of a lie so "colossal" that no one would believe that someone "could have the impudence to distort the truth so infamously". Hitler believed the technique was used by Jews to blame Germany's loss in World War I on German general Erich Ludendorff, who was a prominent nationalist and antisemitic political leader in the Weimar Republic.
...
Various sources, both popular and scholarly, attribute the following passage to Joseph Goebbels. However, it is not currently known which piece of writing this is attributed to and when it was written, or if it even was Goebbels who authored it.[2]
If you tell a lie big enough and keep repeating it, people will eventually come to believe it. The lie can be maintained only for such time as the State can shield the people from the political, economic and/or military consequences of the lie. It thus becomes vitally important for the State to use all of its powers to repress dissent, for the truth is the mortal enemy of the lie, and thus by extension, the truth is the greatest enemy of the State.
It is verified that Goebbels did put forth a theory which has come to be more commonly associated with the expression "big lie". Goebbels wrote the following paragraph in an article dated 12 January 1941, 16 years after Hitler's first use of the phrase. The article, titled Aus Churchills Lügenfabrik (English: "From Churchill's Lie Factory") was published in Die Zeit ohne Beispiel.
The essential English leadership secret does not depend on particular intelligence. Rather, it depends on a remarkably stupid thick-headedness. The English follow the principle that when one lies, one should lie big, and stick to it. They keep up their lies, even at the risk of looking ridiculous.[3]
...
The phrase was also used in a report prepared during the war by the United States Office of Strategic Services in describing Hitler's psychological profile:[6]
His primary rules were: never allow the public to cool off; never admit a fault or wrong; never concede that there may be some good in your enemy; never leave room for alternatives; never accept blame; concentrate on one enemy at a time and blame him for everything that goes wrong; people will believe a big lie sooner than a little one; and if you repeat it frequently enough people will sooner or later believe it.[7]
The above quote appears in the report, A Psychological Analysis of Adolph Hitler: His Life and Legend, by Walter C. Langer,[7][8] which is available from the US National Archives. [9] A somewhat similar quote appears in Analysis of the Personality of Adolph Hitler: With Predictions of His Future Behaviour and Suggestions for Dealing with Him Now and After Germany's Surrender, by Henry A. Murray, October 1943[10]:
Never to admit a fault or wrong; never to accept blame; concentrate on one enemy at a time; blame that enemy for everything that goes wrong; take advantage of every opportunity to raise a political whirlwind
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_lie
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mein_Kampf
https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=Mein+Kampf
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aryan_race
Circa 1967, the name Directorate D was changed for Service A, the letter standing this time for “Active Measures”. The change accompanied three events of importance. First, the health of Colonel Agayants was ailing seriously and incapacitated him. Second, the man chosen to take over the position was Yuri Modin. Modin eventually made a reputation for himself in all Western intelligence agencies, by being known as case officer of the “Cambridge Five” from 1948 to 1951, and then as “controller” (supervisor) of their new case officers until 1963. In passing, it should be said that the job of the Cambridge Five was essentially relevant to offensive counterespionage at some point; that is to say, deception, of which Modin became a specialist ultimately, almost the same way Agayants did when he was entrusted intelligence missions in France. Most likely, Agayants played a role of considerable importance in the gradual rise of Soviet influence in France from the end the WWII to 1960, by doing the same job as Modin did in Britain from 1948 to 1963.[10]
The change from directorate to service was not of pure form, because the active measures, by then, had evolved toward a doctrine, with its own rules and highly organized proceedings that together not only was changing the way the whole KGB was working, but even the strategy of the Soviet governmental apparatus. Therefore, the thinking body Agayants had created had gained an importance that justified greater trust in its staff of managers, thinkers, and experts, and greater secrecy around its existence and works. Indeed, active measures yielded even greater results that the espionage activities of the First Chief Directorate of the KGB itself, since it was in capacity to take over foreign countries silently, instead of just spying on them.[11] Agayants died on May 12, 1968, from tuberculosis he had contracted in the 1930s, one year after he was named Deputy Head of the First Chief Directorate of the KGB, a promotion that was more a reward for his accomplishments than effective, and perhaps even of pure form given the influence he had gradually gained over the entire KGB, as its eminence grise. Today, Agayants is regarded in the SVR RF as master in camouflage (“maskirovka”) and deception, founding father of the active measures, famous figure in the history of Soviet intelligence and even of Russia as it is nowadays. Indeed, at their inception, active measures based conceptually on military camouflage, from which the practice extended to more abstract applications and forms fitting the missions of the Soviet intelligence service. Active measures are presented as a largely encompassing doctrine in intelligence, originally and directly inspired by the purpose of camouflage in the military and in wartime, well-named mackирoвка (maskirovka) in Russian. For maskirovka means, “disguise,” “disguising (oneself),” “masking,” and “concealment,” which sounds less military, already. Note the interesting root “mask,” here taken from the other Russian word mackа (maska), which means, “mask” literally, and “guise”.[12] Active measures gradually extended to politics and foreign affairs as a surer and more sophisticated means to conceal real aims today we use to call, “hidden agenda”. This was shrouded in an all-Soviet perception and definition of intelligence, which fundamentally differs from these of the Western World. Service A remained the name of the KGB department responsible for active measures until the dissolution of this foreign intelligence service, in 1991.
Not only the active measures resumed in the Russian Federation, but since the late 1960s, it had evolved to a far-reaching doctrine whose application encompasses intelligence operations, foreign affairs, industry and business, and domestic politics, in order to enforce a coherence in a global action of conquests abroad. For a while, the U.S. intelligence community had an Active Measures Working Group, created in 1981 under the presidency of Ronald Reagan to strike back against Soviet active measures, precisely. This particular body was dismantled circa 1992, on the grounds that the Soviet Union had disappeared and several other arguments, although its final report, published in June of that latter year, warned of the existence of several ongoing Russian hostile actions against the United States, indeed relevant to active measures.
In a book he published in 2019, Dominique Poirier, former employee of the French intelligence service, DGSE, and specialist in influence and disinformation in this agency, explains that the Soviet active measures actually gathered an informal series of practices and tactics in intelligence and foreign affairs that the Nazis had been the first to use, much earlier in the 1930. The idea of the Nazis had been to integrate industry, business, and domestic politics in actions in intelligence, as a logical consequence of a perception of the state as an “organic entity,” that is to say, an inseparable whole. The concept of “living organic state” was first imagined in the early 1900s by Friedrich Ratzel, for he actually graduated in zoology and became a self-taught geographer while traveling and working as journalist to make a living. Ratzel had given the noun “raum,” or “vital space” to his perception of the state. In 1905, Swedish political scientist and politician Rudolf Kjellén perfected it and renamed it “staatsbiologie,” or “biology of the state,” at the same time he coined the word “geopolitik”.
The theories of Ratzel and Kjellén influenced German economist and theoretician of Socialism Werner Sombart, who became one of the most influential sociologists in Nazi Germany between 1931 and 1938. The concept of the Nation-State as biological entity, multicellular, along with the other concept of “autarchy” that Sombart also borrowed to Ratzel and Kjellén and shared with Hitler, all along pervades his discourse. Sombart, as a socialist ideologue and exponent of economic planning, was unable to see the industry otherwise than as a feature of capitalism serving individualistic profit. He introduced in the Nazi economy this biological perception, whose theory he explained in an essay he first published in 1934.[13] In this same book, Sombart also defended the virtues of propaganda.[14]
From the concept of Kjellén, Adolf Hitler extended deception to diplomacy, foreign affair, industry and business since they were integral to the notion of “living organic state” either. Thus, Hitler informally established a gathering of guidelines that the Soviets took up decades later and named “active measures,” exemplified below.
All along the 1930s, Hitler had fighter planes and bombers designed and built, a secret enterprise camouflaged under the appearances of sport race planes and airliners building, to constitute a powerful air force in violation of the Versailles Treaty of June 1919. The trainings of pilots for those fighter planes also were camouflaged under pretenses of aerial acrobatics and sail gliding clubs through Hitler’s youth movement. Whereas in German factories, tens of thousands of workers mass-produced armaments, also in secrecy and, again, camouflaged under varied pretenses, All this while German diplomats were negotiating concessions on the Versailles Treaty, on claims of good intentions, self-defense, and of regaining sovereignty, also to rebuild a war navy with a focus on submarines. At the same time, German industrialists in business trips abroad all consistently lied about what was secretly underway in their country. Germans investors tried to produce films in Hollywood, touting the virtues of the new and peaceful German society under Nazism while the Olympic Games were unfolding in Berlin.
When he started the war, Hitler contrived to launch all his attacks on the eve of weekends, knowing that the decision-makers of the countries he invaded were all gone from offices on Saturdays and Sundays. Blitzkrieg was the word meaning swiftly waging war, catching the adversary by surprise … before Monday! The scheme Hitler found to justify his invasion of Poland, with the attack of the radio station of Gleiwitz (Gleiwitz incident) by few German commandos, disguised in Polish soldiers, who from this place broadcast false anti-German propaganda, epitomizes what Soviet tricks were not until the 1960s.
“To succeed in all this, the whole German Nation first had to partake in it, or to be also deceived.[15]
Circa 1980, the French foreign intelligence service, DGSE, imported and adopted the active measures as a doctrine regulating deception in diplomacy and foreign affairs, organized by the Intelligence and Security Service, whereas another service with a specialty in influence and “counterinterference” (counterinfluence) plans it in domestic politics.[16]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Active_measures
- there were many companies who were suppliers or collaborators with the Nazis as you can see below. Obviously this list is incomplete:
nazi suppliers
Company name Year established Place of origin Activity
Deutsche Wirtschaftsbetriebe[citation needed] Unknown Germany
Eisenwerke Oberdonau[citation needed] Unknown
Flugmotorenwerke Ostmark[1] Unknown Lower Austria, Austria
Barclays Bank[2][3] 1690 City of London, Kingdom of England
Krupp[4][5] (now part of ThyssenKrupp) 1811 Essen, Germany
Sulzer[6] 1834 Winterthur, Switzerland
Degussa AG (now Evonik Industries)[7][8][9] 1843 Frankfurt, Germany
Siemens[9][10] 1847 Kreuzberg, Berlin, Germany
Opel (then subsidiary of General Motors)[citation needed] 1862 Rüsselsheim am Main, Germany
Bayer[9][11] 1863 Barmen, Germany
Steyr-Daimler-Puch[12] 1864 Steyr, Austria
BASF[9][13] 1865 Mannheim, Germany
Nestlé[14][15] 1866 Vevey, Switzerland
Deutsche Bank[9][16] 1870 Berlin, Germany
Standard Oil[17] 1870 Cleveland, Ohio
Hoesch AG[9] 1871 Dortmund, Germany
Dresdner Bank[9][18][19] 1872 Dresden, Germany
Topf and Sons[20] 1878 Erfurt, Germany
Chase National Bank[21][22][23] 1877 Manhattan, New York State, USA
Deutsche Bergwerks- und Hüttenbau[24] Late 1800s Germany
AEG 1883 Germany
Franz Eher Nachfolger[25] 1887 Munich, Germany
Accumulatoren-Fabrik AFA[26] 1888 Hagen, Germany
Allianz[27] 1890 Berlin, Germany
Thyssen AG (now part of ThyssenKrupp)[9] 1891 Hamborn, Germany
Junkers[28]:118 1895 Dessau, Germany
Dehomag (a subsidiary of IBM)[29][30][31] 1896 Germany
Audi (Auto Union)[citation needed] 1910 Zwickau, Germany
BMW[9][32][33] 1916 Munich, Germany
ITT Inc. 1920 Guaynabo, Puerto Rico, USA
Heinkel[28]:118 1922 Warnemünde, Germany
Jumo[28]:118 1923 Dessau, Germany
Focke-Wulf[28]:118 1924 Bremen, Germany
Hugo Boss[34] 1924 Metzingen, Germany
Ford Germany[35] 1925 Berlin, Germany
IG Farben[4] 1925 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
Mercedes-Benz (as well as then owner, Daimler-Benz)[9][36][37] 1926 Stuttgart, Germany
Porsche[38] 1931 Stuttgart, Germany
Reichswerke Hermann Göring[39] 1937 Berlin, Germany
Volkswagen Group[9][38][40] 1937 Berlin, Germany
DEST[41] 1938 Berlin, Germany
Messerschmitt[42] 1938 Augsburg, Germany
IBM[29] 1911 Armonk, New York, USA
Coca-Cola [43] 1886 Atlanta, Georgia, USA
Like the Swiss banks, the American car companies have vigorously denied that they assisted the Nazi war machine or that they significantly profited from the use of forced labor at their German subsidiaries during World War II. But historians and lawyers researching class-action suits on behalf of former prisoners of war are busy amassing evidence of collaboration by the automakers with the Nazi regime.
The issues at stake for the American automobile corporations go far beyond the relatively modest sums involved in settling any lawsuit. During the war, the car companies established a reputation for themselves as "the arsenal of democracy" by transforming their production lines to make airplanes, tanks and trucks for the armies that defeated Adolf Hitler. They deny that their huge business interests in Nazi Germany led them, wittingly or unwittingly, to also become "the arsenal of fascism."
The Ford Motor Co. has mobilized dozens of historians, lawyers and researchers to fight a civil case brought by lawyers in Washington and New York who specialize in extracting large cash settlements from banks and insurance companies accused of defrauding Holocaust victims. Also, a book scheduled for publication next year will accuse General Motors Corp. of playing a key role in Hitler's invasions of Poland and the Soviet Union.
"General Motors was far more important to the Nazi war machine than Switzerland," said Bradford Snell, who has spent two decades researching a history of the world's largest automaker. "Switzerland was just a repository of looted funds. GM was an integral part of the German war effort. The Nazis could have invaded Poland and Russia without Switzerland. They could not have done so without GM."
Both General Motors and Ford insist that they bear little or no responsibility for the operations of their German subsidiaries, which controlled 70 percent of the German car market at the outbreak of war in 1939 and rapidly retooled themselves to become suppliers of war materiel to the German army.
But documents discovered in German and American archives show a much more complicated picture. In certain instances, American managers of both GM and Ford went along with the conversion of their German plants to military production at a time when U.S. government documents show they were still resisting calls by the Roosevelt administration to step up military production in their plants at home.
After three years of national soul-searching, Switzerland's largest banks agreed last August to make a $1.25 billion settlement to Holocaust survivors, a step they had initially resisted. Far from dying down, however, the controversy over business dealings with the Nazis has given new impetus to long-standing investigations into issues such as looted art, unpaid insurance benefits and the use of forced labor at German factories.
Although some of the allegations against GM and Ford surfaced during 1974 congressional hearings into monopolistic practices in the automobile industry, American corporations have largely succeeded in playing down their connections to Nazi Germany. As with Switzerland, however, their very success in projecting a wholesome, patriotic image of themselves is now being turned against them by their critics.
"When you think of Ford, you think of baseball and apple pie," said Miriam Kleinman, a researcher with the Washington law firm of Cohen, Millstein and Hausfeld, who spent weeks examining records at the National Archives in an attempt to build a slave labor case against the Dearborn-based company. "You don't think of Hitler having a portrait of Henry Ford on his office wall in Munich."
Both Ford and General Motors declined requests for access to their wartime archives. Ford spokesman John Spellich defended the company's decision to maintain business ties with Nazi Germany on the grounds that the U.S. government continued to have diplomatic relations with Berlin up until the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor in December 1941. GM spokesman John F. Mueller said that General Motors lost day-to-day control over its German plants in September 1939 and "did not assist the Nazis in any way during World War II."
Last week, the German billionaire Reimann family, whose JAB Holdings owns Krispy Kreme, Panera Bread and Pret a Manger, admitted to profiting from, and taking part in, Nazi abuses and slave labor during the Nazi regime.
...
But the family was far from alone in participating in Nazi activities or profiting from the Nazi regime. More than a dozen European billionaires and their families whose business roots predate World War II—including Kuehne and Nagel’s Klaus Michael Kuehne and Knorr-Bremse AG’s Heinz Hermann Thiele—had ties to Nazism through contracts, slave labor, the appropriation of stolen goods or other means.
“These kind of stories never come as a surprise. In 1944, one third of the whole workforce in Germany was forced labor. This means that almost every company which produced back then was in one way or the other involved in the war economy,” says Roman Köster, a German historian. “From 1942 it proved very complicated [for German businesses] to maintain production [that] was not in one way or the other related with the war.” He adds that Bild’s findings in the case of the Reimann family are worse than others because of the abuse and mistreatment of these workers, though a Reimann family spokesperson says Albert Reimann Sr. and Albert Reimann Jr. did not personally assault or harm any laborers.
Many of these billionaire companies openly acknowledge, and apologize, for those ties, though monetary responses are rarer.
“With the passage of time, it gets increasingly difficult to make a legal argument around reparations, unless the claimant can show conclusive proof of theft by the defendant’s ancestors,” says Karthik Ramana, a professor of business and public policy at the University of Oxford whose research has also encompassed ethics. “What potential claimants are left with then is moral suasion—and given the stakes for incumbents, I wouldn’t hold my breath in expectation of a flood of reparations.”
As billionaire Ikea founder Ingvar Kamprad told Forbes in 2000 regarding his teenage ties to the Nazi party, “Perhaps even you did something in your youth that you now know was stupid. Why did I not reveal this past foolishness myself? Simple. I was afraid it would hurt my business.” Kamprad died in 2018, and his three sons, all billionaires, inherited part of the Ikea empire and are among those whose family members had Nazi ties.
- part of the reason for anti-Jewish sentiment are some of the bad Jewish actors? Christians couldn't loan out money but Jews could. Rothschild made money by loaning money out to aristocrats. They loaned out money to all players during war as well. Rumor says that Rothschilds loved making money from war, that they have a secret plan to take over the world, etc... They lost much of their wealth and power via war, Nazis, etc... While still wealthy they are only a fraction of what they used to be
What's Up With All the Rothschild Conspiracies
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rothschild_family
rothchild corbett report
https://www.corbettreport.com/tag/rothschild/
https://www.corbettreport.com/who-funded-hitler-questions-for-corbett-008/
https://www.corbettreport.com/who-funded-hitler-video/
rothchild corbett report
https://www.corbettreport.com/tag/rothschild/
https://www.corbettreport.com/who-funded-hitler-questions-for-corbett-008/
https://www.corbettreport.com/who-funded-hitler-video/
Tuskegee Study of Untreated Syphilis in the Negro Male[a] was a clinical study conducted between 1932 and 1972 by the United States Public Health Service.[1][2] The purpose of this study was to observe the natural history of untreated syphilis; the African American men in the study were only told they were receiving free health care from the Federal government of the United States.[3]
Public Health Service started working on this study in 1932 in collaboration with Tuskegee University, a historically black college in Alabama. Investigators enrolled in the study a total of 600 impoverished, African American sharecroppers from Macon County, Alabama. Of these men, 399 had latent syphilis and 201 did not have the disease.[2] The men were given free medical care, meals and free burial insurance for participating in the study. The men were told that the study was only going to last six months, but it actually lasted 40 years.[2] After funding for treatment was lost, the study was continued without informing the men that they would never be treated. None of the men were told that they had the disease, and none were treated with penicillin even after the antibiotic was proven to successfully treat syphilis. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the men were told that they were being treated for "bad blood", a colloquialism that described various conditions such as syphilis, anemia and fatigue. "Bad blood"—specifically the collection of illnesses the term included—was a leading cause of death within the southern African American community.[2]
The 40-year Tuskegee Study of Untreated Syphilis in the Negro Male study was a major violation of ethical standards. Researchers knowingly failed to treat patients appropriately after the 1940s validation of penicillin was found as an effective cure for the disease that they were studying. The revelation in 1972 of study failures by a whistleblower, Peter Buxtun, led to major changes in U.S. law and regulation on the protection of participants in clinical studies. Now studies require informed consent,[4] communication of diagnosis and accurate reporting of test results.[5]
By 1947, penicillin had become the standard treatment for syphilis. Choices available to the doctors involved in the study might have included treating all syphilitic subjects and closing the study, or splitting off a control group for testing with penicillin. Instead, the Tuskegee scientists continued the study without treating any participants; they withheld penicillin and information about it from the patients. In addition, scientists prevented participants from accessing syphilis treatment programs available to other residents in the area.[6] The study continued, under numerous Public Health Service supervisors, until 1972, when a leak to the press resulted in its termination on November 16 of that year.[7] The victims of the study, all African American, included numerous men who died of syphilis, 40 wives who contracted the disease and 19 children born with congenital syphilis.
Tuskegee Syphilis Study, cited as "arguably the most infamous biomedical research study in U.S. history",[8] led to the 1979 Belmont Report and to the establishment of the Office for Human Research Protections (OHRP).[9] It also led to federal laws and regulations requiring institutional review boards for the protection of human subjects in studies involving them. The OHRP manages this responsibility within the United States Department of Health and Human Services (HHS).[10]
On May 16, 1997, President Bill Clinton formally apologized on behalf of the United States to victims of the experiment.
- I preivously thought that it was relatively easy to identify the source of Anti-Semitism and Anti-Zionism. It's not. Somehow, they've managed to create a lot of adverseries over their history (I think the main problem is that the many of the better known Jews have been dodgy?)? There were collaborators everywhere despite what history is taught to people?
Nazi Collaborators
Nazi Palestinians and the holocaust - the muslim Bosnian Waffen SS
NAZI GERMANY AND SOVIET UNION COLLABORATION DURING WW2 (The Soviet Story)
Nazi Collaborators - The Grand Mufti Amin al-Husseini
Nazi Palestinians and the holocaust - the muslim Bosnian Waffen SS
Edward VIII the traitor king - complete documentary
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tHgtUNVlFJc
Documentary Ireland the IRA support Nazi Germany and the holocaust.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S2D80cteK7w
- it's obvious that the Israelis/Jews and US/West have no real long term plan to get themselves out of their predicament? No real individual or country has really put a enough thought into it? Most people wouldn't have the time, interest, etc... to want to deal with this? It's just too difficult?
Documentary Ireland the IRA support Nazi Germany and the holocaust.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S2D80cteK7w
- it's obvious that the Israelis/Jews and US/West have no real long term plan to get themselves out of their predicament? No real individual or country has really put a enough thought into it? Most people wouldn't have the time, interest, etc... to want to deal with this? It's just too difficult?
The film consists of seven segments:
No Strategy, Just Tactics – covering the emerging role of the Shin Bet from the Six-Day War and the occupation of the Palestinian territories
Forget About Morality – about the Bus 300 affair
One Man's Terrorist Is Another Man's Freedom Fighter – about the peace process following the Oslo Accords
Our Own Flesh and Blood – about Jewish terrorism, including the Jewish Underground and the assassination of Yitzhak Rabin
Victory Is to See You Suffer – about negotiations with the Palestinians during the Second Intifada
Collateral Damage – about the assassination of Yahya Ayyash and other prominent Hamas militants
The Old Man at the End of the Corridor – consisting of reflections on the activities of the Shin Bet and their ethical and strategic impact on the State of Israel
Though the film follows a loose chronological order, each of these segments also delves into topics such as the controversy surrounding collateral damage, the efficacy of torture, and the morality of targeted assassination.
The events described in the film are illustrated with archival footage and computer-generated imagery that brings historic photographs to life. An example of this is the computer-generated reenactment of the Bus 300 incident, based on photographs and eyewitness accounts. The film's computer animations were created by the French company Mac Guff.[11]
...
When the film was released, CNN reported that the former Shin Bet heads had made "stunning revelations" and that "all six argue – to varying degrees – that the Israeli occupation of Palestinian land is bad for the state of Israel." CNN noted that Avraham Shalom "says Israel lost touch with how to coexist with the Palestinians as far back as the aftermath of the Six Day War of 1967" and that a "central theme of the documentary is the idea that Israel has incredible tactics, but lacks long-term strategy."[19] Moreh is turning "The Gatekeepers" into a five-part series for Israeli television and a book.[20]
Israel's spy leaders call for peace - 'The Gatekeepers'
israel think tank peace
https://carnegieendowment.org/regions/183
https://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2020/03/religion-vs-uswestern-leadership-random.html
Can Israelis and Palestinians See Eye to Eye _ Creators for Change
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_Jj8vne0ca0
Can money solve the Israeli Palestinian conflict _ Inside Story
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mPg9z8kP7RY
Censored and Surveilled - The Digital Occupation of Palestinians _ The Listening Post (Feature)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kmy7DNAV6RU
China ‘stood with Palestinians and with other oppressed people’
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ol8B71Biggo
Israel election - Party representing Palestinians sees huge gains
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6zOFV98jgIg
Jared Kushner on Israel-Palestine deal - Time to try something new _ Talk to Al Jazeera
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SMmkPok5GXM
Jerusalem's Palestinian Cabbies _ Al Jazeera World
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sLNouyMYb_k
Marc Lamont Hill and the limits on the Israel-Palestine debate _ The Listening Post (Full)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZdR8K4cybKs
Palestine's PM - Trump's Middle East Plan 'insult' to Palestinians _ Talk to Al Jazeera
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jac8xjSXb3U
The Seed Queen of Palestine _ Witness
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XoexxUOeZak
Trump's plan last chance for a Palestinian state, says Kushner
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PhvLnUPxpwo
Trump unveils US-Israeli plan amid Palestinian rejections
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PnmVeKVxQy0
UNRWA in crisis - What does the future hold for Palestinian refugees
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NZb6J3hMU7I
Wedding on Hold - Palestine, Politics and Prison _ Al Jazeera World
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KvnqbYku8wI
What will a war crimes probe in the Palestinian Territory achieve _ Inside Story
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oyFprjUq6So
https://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2020/03/religion-vs-uswestern-leadership-random.html
Can Israelis and Palestinians See Eye to Eye _ Creators for Change
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_Jj8vne0ca0
Can money solve the Israeli Palestinian conflict _ Inside Story
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mPg9z8kP7RY
Censored and Surveilled - The Digital Occupation of Palestinians _ The Listening Post (Feature)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kmy7DNAV6RU
China ‘stood with Palestinians and with other oppressed people’
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ol8B71Biggo
Israel election - Party representing Palestinians sees huge gains
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6zOFV98jgIg
Jared Kushner on Israel-Palestine deal - Time to try something new _ Talk to Al Jazeera
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SMmkPok5GXM
Jerusalem's Palestinian Cabbies _ Al Jazeera World
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sLNouyMYb_k
Marc Lamont Hill and the limits on the Israel-Palestine debate _ The Listening Post (Full)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZdR8K4cybKs
Palestine's PM - Trump's Middle East Plan 'insult' to Palestinians _ Talk to Al Jazeera
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jac8xjSXb3U
The Seed Queen of Palestine _ Witness
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XoexxUOeZak
Trump's plan last chance for a Palestinian state, says Kushner
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PhvLnUPxpwo
Trump unveils US-Israeli plan amid Palestinian rejections
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PnmVeKVxQy0
UNRWA in crisis - What does the future hold for Palestinian refugees
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NZb6J3hMU7I
Wedding on Hold - Palestine, Politics and Prison _ Al Jazeera World
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KvnqbYku8wI
What will a war crimes probe in the Palestinian Territory achieve _ Inside Story
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oyFprjUq6So
religious war
A religious war or holy war (Latin: bellum sacrum) is a war primarily caused or justified by differences in religion. In the modern period, debates are common over the extent to which religious, economic, or ethnic aspects of a conflict predominate in a given war. According to the Encyclopedia of Wars, out of all 1,763 known/recorded historical conflicts, 123, or 6.98%, had religion as their primary cause.[1] Matthew White's The Great Big Book of Horrible Things gives religion as the cause of 11 of the world's 100 deadliest atrocities.[2] In several conflicts including the Israeli–Palestinian conflict, the Syrian civil war, and the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq, religious elements are overtly present but variously described as fundamentalism or religious extremism—depending upon the observer's sympathies. However, studies on these cases often conclude that ethnic animosities drive much of the conflicts.[3]
- there were Polish, French, German (obviously), and even Jewish Nazi collaborators? They mostly said they did it survive?
SHOCKING - George Soros admits Nazi collaboration with no regrets
Jewish Nazi collaborators They existed.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-hating_Jew
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Soros
george soros
https://www.corbettreport.com/tag/george-soros/
https://www.corbettreport.com/episode-113-meet-george-soros/
https://www.corbettreport.com/tag/george-soros/page/2/
https://www.corbettreport.com/infamous-60-minutes-piece-on-soros-emerges-online/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Soros
george soros
https://www.corbettreport.com/tag/george-soros/
https://www.corbettreport.com/episode-113-meet-george-soros/
https://www.corbettreport.com/tag/george-soros/page/2/
https://www.corbettreport.com/infamous-60-minutes-piece-on-soros-emerges-online/
- as a bare minimum there were Nazi ties to the British, Dutch, Danish, Greek, German, Prussian, Russian, etc... royal families? At times, it feels like almost everybody collaborated or profited from work with the Nazis?
nazi royal families
Help
Category:Royalty in Nazi Party
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This category included members of royal families who were members of the NSDAP.
Pages in category "Royalty in Nazi Party"
The following 17 pages are in this category, out of 17 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (learn more).
A
Prince Alexander Ferdinand of Prussia
Princess Alexandra of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
Prince August Wilhelm of Prussia
C
Princess Cecilie of Greece and Denmark
Charles Edward, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
Prince Christoph of Hesse
E
Ernst II, Prince of Hohenlohe-Langenburg
F
Franz Joseph, Prince of Hohenzollern-Emden
Prince Friedrich Christian of Schaumburg-Lippe
G
Georg Donatus, Hereditary Grand Duke of Hesse
Georg, Prince of Saxe-Meiningen
H
Heinrich XLV, Hereditary Prince Reuss Younger Line
Prince Hubertus of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (pilot)
J
Josias, Hereditary Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont
M
Princess Marie Adelheid of Lippe
P
Philipp, Landgrave of Hesse
W
Prince Wilhelm of Hesse-Philippsthal-Barchfeld
The Duke of Cambridge will pay homage to his great-grandmother, Princess Alice, at her burial site in East Jerusalem next Thursday. But while she was honored for sheltering a Jewish family during World War II, several of her daughters were married to prominent Nazis.
...
The darker side of this history was highlighted recently in the Netflix series “The Crown,” which chronicled the early years of Prince William’s grandparents – Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh.
Indeed, in the second season, viewers see a teenage Philip walking behind the swastika-draped coffins of his sister, Cecilie, and her husband, in a public funeral procession full of Nazi regalia. And before Philip married Elizabeth in 1947, there was reportedly much concern in British royal circles that he was an unsuitable match given his family’s Nazi ties. For example, another sister, Sophie, whose husband was in Nazi inner circles, named her son Karl Adolf in honor of Hitler.
As World War Two neared an end, Dutch Queen Wilhelmina sought a deal with the Nazis to save the Belgian royal family, according to the newly published diaries of her foreign minister.
By late March 1945, Belgium and the southern Netherlands had been liberated but Belgium's King Leopold III was being held captive in Austria.
Leopold's mother feared that the Nazis would murder the family.
So Wilhelmina considered a possible exchange, a Dutch historian has said.
She asked her foreign minister in exile in London, Eelco van Kleffens, to "sound out" via the Vatican whether high-ranking Nazis could be offered an escape route in return for the Belgian royal family's release, says Michael Riemens who has just published the minister's diaries.
The revelations shed further light on how top Nazis were trying to negotiate their escape from Europe in the dying days of the war. Many high-ranking Nazis were successfully spirited away to Latin America, including Adolf Eichmann, Josef Mengele and Klaus Barbie.
"Until now we have never heard of the Dutch playing a role," says Mr Riemens, whose book, Majesty, You don't know real life, features the diaries.
...
While George VI was close to Wilhelmina and the Dutch government in exile, it seems unlikely that he could have had any influence over this period at the end of World War Two.
"You can see George thinking, 'I've got a very strong relative but what can I reasonably do?'" says Andrew Stewart, professor of modern conflict history at King's College London.
"The allies had an avowed policy of unconditional surrender. If you are seen to negotiate for one figure, then why not for others?"
Queen Wilhelmina had no influence within allied command and George VI would have had to go through Winston Churchill and President Roosevelt for any request to have been made, he says.
- many Nazi experiments into mind control continued under US/Western oversight. Basically, the same deal was offered. Freedom from prosecution as long as you helped the US/West? Despite what is said about the Nazis and Japanese being bad during the World Wars it feels like other many other countries continued the work of the Nazis and Japanese with regards to Mind Control?
The Madness Of The Nazi Experiments _ Destruction (Nazi Doctors Documentary) _ Timeline
human experimentation
nazi medical industry
1 Experiments
1.1 Experiments on twins
1.2 Bone, muscle, and nerve transplantation experiments
1.3 Head injury experiments
1.4 Freezing experiments
1.5 Malaria experiments
1.6 Immunization experiments
1.7 Epidemic jaundice
1.8 Mustard gas experiments
1.9 Sulfonamide experiments
1.10 Sea water experiments
1.11 Sterilization and fertility experiments
1.12 Experiments with poison
1.13 Incendiary bomb experiments
1.14 High altitude experiments
1.15 Blood coagulation experiments
1.16 Electroshock Experiments
2 Aftermath
2.1 Modern ethical issues
3 See also
4 References
5 Further reading
6 External links
6.1 Controversy regarding use of findings
- I previously thought that the US/West basically came out ahead only via slavery, colonialism, neo-colonialism, imperialism, etc... It's obvious that some money was laundered from stolen Nazi loot. At the back of your mind you wonder or not whether US/Western wealth shot up because they cut deals with the Nazis much like many other people (including Royal families)? We have no idea how much was looted because a lot of it is unclaimed, because entire families were wiped out, undocumented, people had valid but claims that weren't successful, etc? It's obvious that many people and organisations did extremely well out of the Nazi era but were never really brought to justice and haven't even apologised for their actions?
GEM - The West's 'Wealth' Is Stolen Goods (TMBS 105)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oXmE3t0urlk
GEM - The West's 'Wealth' Is Stolen Goods (TMBS 105)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oXmE3t0urlk
How the Nazis Stole Europe's Gold
How the Swiss Protected Hitler's Gold
The Search Of The Secret Nazi Gold _ Nazi Treasure Hunters
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nkImJkY9LIU
https://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2016/08/neo-colonialism-and-neo-liberalism.html
https://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2016/08/neo-colonialism-and-neo-liberalism.html
https://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2020/03/religion-vs-uswestern-leadership-random.html
nazi united states banks
https://www.globalresearch.ca/history-of-world-war-ii-nazi-germany-was-financed-by-the-federal-reserve-and-the-bank-of-england/5530318
https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/nazis/readings/sinister.html
https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2019/04/how-failing-banks-paved-hitlers-path-to-power-financial-crisis-and-right-wing-extremism-in-germany-1931-33?fbclid=IwAR01b1CdwY5Vo8I4gtj6UXpJXigIbn-3onPhH5lF1RN9eJ3hhxEA-FyBbiE
Of the many bizarre tales seeping from archives around the world in the Nazi gold investigations, few are as strange as this one: In 1950, the Federal Reserve Bank of New York melted down hundreds of gold bars bearing the swastika imprint and recast them with the pristine stamp bearing the words ''United States Assay Office.''
At the time, according to memorandums released by the Federal Reserve, the United States Treasury knew that much of the gold -- worth about $23 million at the time -- had been looted from the Netherlands and Belgium when those nations were invaded by Germany.
These, bars, like most of the gold stolen by Germany during World War II, had been discreetly sold on world markets before May 1945 by the Swiss National Bank, with the proceeds helping to finance Hitler's faltering war effort.
But by 1950, America's main concern was rebuilding Europe, not asking too many questions about the origin of gold that moved from Swiss hands to other nations, and eventually crossed the Atlantic into the Federal Reserve's vaults deep below the streets of lower Manhattan.
Thus, at the request of National City Bank, which later became Citibank, the Treasury Department authorized the ''reissue'' of the gold -- a polite phrase for purifying it and wiping out the German markings -- so the gold could be used as collateral for a transaction between Spain and the I.T.T. Corporation, the documents show.
''The facts seem pretty plain,'' said Jack Morris, the spokesman for Citicorp, the parent company of Citibank, after reviewing documents that the Federal Reserve provided to researchers for Swiss television. ''This all happened in an era when there wasn't as much introspection about this kind of transaction.''
The documents not only provide a stark view of the trafficking of Nazi gold -- first through Swiss banks, then through the central banks of Europe, and finally to the Federal Reserve -- they also raise some haunting questions.
A report issued by the Clinton Administration this year concludes that the Germans' mint often took the gold that German troops stole from the central banks of Europe and melted it together with gold of a more gruesome variety: the tooth-fillings, wedding rings and other jewelry of death- camp victims. Germany's goal was to turn the gold lifted from the mouths and fingers of the victims into a form that that could be traded on world markets, usually courtesy of the Swiss National Bank.
No one knows how widespread the practice was; the fillings and rings were certainly not part of every bar, and may have been part of only a small fraction of the mint's wartime output. But the re-smelting conducted by the United States Assay Office -- an institution that no longer exists -- likely wiped out all traces of what historians delicately call ''non-monetary gold'' in the bars. In fact, the purpose of the re-smelting was to assure that any gold in the Federal Reserve Bank's vaults met the American Government's standard, a gold ''purity'' of 99.5% or better.
There is no evidence in the documents indicating that the Federal Reserve or the Treasury suspected in 1950 that any portion of the gold in their possession had come from Holocaust victims. But the issue is important to modern-day diplomacy.
https://www.nytimes.com/1997/11/02/world/nazi-gold-was-recast-and-issued-in-the-us.html
nazi wealth launder
Paper Trail of Nazi Gold Leads To US and Canadian Banks
From the Bank of Canada's perspective, all it was asked to do was a paper transaction transferring ownership of four tons of gold, held in Canadian vaults, from Switzerland to Portugal, says Elan Steinberg, executive director of the World Jewish Congress. While the swaps may have been legal, he says deeper moral questions should be asked now.
"This was the height of World War II and we should ask: Did they turn a blind eye? Should they have known?" he wonders. "Those are just as important questions to answer."
Not unlike the "laundering" of drug-profit money today, gold looted by the Germans and held by the Swiss came out the other end of the process looking legitimate and untainted. "Making dirty assets into clean assets was precisely the point of this operation," Mr. Steinberg says.
"The aim of this particular transaction was to camouflage the fact that looted goods were being transformed. With a few strokes of the pen the bad guys won all around," he adds.
https://www.csmonitor.com/1997/0718/071897.intl.intl.5.html
https://www.americamagazine.org/content/all-things/vatican-bank-scandal-nobody-talking-about
https://www.aish.com/jw/s/Nazi-Havens-in-South-America.html
nazi bank launder
https://www.theguardian.com/world/2004/sep/25/usa.secondworldwar
https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2016/08/29/deutsche-banks-10-billion-scandal
https://newrepublic.com/article/156605/deutsche-banks-perilous-pursuit-profit
nazi united states banks
https://www.globalresearch.ca/history-of-world-war-ii-nazi-germany-was-financed-by-the-federal-reserve-and-the-bank-of-england/5530318
https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/nazis/readings/sinister.html
https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2019/04/how-failing-banks-paved-hitlers-path-to-power-financial-crisis-and-right-wing-extremism-in-germany-1931-33?fbclid=IwAR01b1CdwY5Vo8I4gtj6UXpJXigIbn-3onPhH5lF1RN9eJ3hhxEA-FyBbiE
Of the many bizarre tales seeping from archives around the world in the Nazi gold investigations, few are as strange as this one: In 1950, the Federal Reserve Bank of New York melted down hundreds of gold bars bearing the swastika imprint and recast them with the pristine stamp bearing the words ''United States Assay Office.''
At the time, according to memorandums released by the Federal Reserve, the United States Treasury knew that much of the gold -- worth about $23 million at the time -- had been looted from the Netherlands and Belgium when those nations were invaded by Germany.
These, bars, like most of the gold stolen by Germany during World War II, had been discreetly sold on world markets before May 1945 by the Swiss National Bank, with the proceeds helping to finance Hitler's faltering war effort.
But by 1950, America's main concern was rebuilding Europe, not asking too many questions about the origin of gold that moved from Swiss hands to other nations, and eventually crossed the Atlantic into the Federal Reserve's vaults deep below the streets of lower Manhattan.
Thus, at the request of National City Bank, which later became Citibank, the Treasury Department authorized the ''reissue'' of the gold -- a polite phrase for purifying it and wiping out the German markings -- so the gold could be used as collateral for a transaction between Spain and the I.T.T. Corporation, the documents show.
''The facts seem pretty plain,'' said Jack Morris, the spokesman for Citicorp, the parent company of Citibank, after reviewing documents that the Federal Reserve provided to researchers for Swiss television. ''This all happened in an era when there wasn't as much introspection about this kind of transaction.''
The documents not only provide a stark view of the trafficking of Nazi gold -- first through Swiss banks, then through the central banks of Europe, and finally to the Federal Reserve -- they also raise some haunting questions.
A report issued by the Clinton Administration this year concludes that the Germans' mint often took the gold that German troops stole from the central banks of Europe and melted it together with gold of a more gruesome variety: the tooth-fillings, wedding rings and other jewelry of death- camp victims. Germany's goal was to turn the gold lifted from the mouths and fingers of the victims into a form that that could be traded on world markets, usually courtesy of the Swiss National Bank.
No one knows how widespread the practice was; the fillings and rings were certainly not part of every bar, and may have been part of only a small fraction of the mint's wartime output. But the re-smelting conducted by the United States Assay Office -- an institution that no longer exists -- likely wiped out all traces of what historians delicately call ''non-monetary gold'' in the bars. In fact, the purpose of the re-smelting was to assure that any gold in the Federal Reserve Bank's vaults met the American Government's standard, a gold ''purity'' of 99.5% or better.
There is no evidence in the documents indicating that the Federal Reserve or the Treasury suspected in 1950 that any portion of the gold in their possession had come from Holocaust victims. But the issue is important to modern-day diplomacy.
https://www.nytimes.com/1997/11/02/world/nazi-gold-was-recast-and-issued-in-the-us.html
nazi wealth launder
Paper Trail of Nazi Gold Leads To US and Canadian Banks
From the Bank of Canada's perspective, all it was asked to do was a paper transaction transferring ownership of four tons of gold, held in Canadian vaults, from Switzerland to Portugal, says Elan Steinberg, executive director of the World Jewish Congress. While the swaps may have been legal, he says deeper moral questions should be asked now.
"This was the height of World War II and we should ask: Did they turn a blind eye? Should they have known?" he wonders. "Those are just as important questions to answer."
Not unlike the "laundering" of drug-profit money today, gold looted by the Germans and held by the Swiss came out the other end of the process looking legitimate and untainted. "Making dirty assets into clean assets was precisely the point of this operation," Mr. Steinberg says.
"The aim of this particular transaction was to camouflage the fact that looted goods were being transformed. With a few strokes of the pen the bad guys won all around," he adds.
https://www.csmonitor.com/1997/0718/071897.intl.intl.5.html
https://www.americamagazine.org/content/all-things/vatican-bank-scandal-nobody-talking-about
https://www.aish.com/jw/s/Nazi-Havens-in-South-America.html
nazi bank launder
https://www.theguardian.com/world/2004/sep/25/usa.secondworldwar
https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2016/08/29/deutsche-banks-10-billion-scandal
https://newrepublic.com/article/156605/deutsche-banks-perilous-pursuit-profit
nazi swiss banks
Nazi gold (German: Raubgold, "stolen gold") is gold allegedly transferred by Germany to overseas banks during World War II; it is believed to have executed a policy of looting the assets of its victims to finance the war by collecting the looted assets in central depositories. The occasional transfer of gold in return for currency took place in collusion with many individual collaborative institutions. The precise identities of those institutions, as well as the exact extent of the transactions, remain unclear.
The present whereabouts of Nazi gold that disappeared into European banking institutions in 1945 has been the subject of several books, conspiracy theories, and a failed civil suit brought in January 2000 against the Vatican Bank, the Franciscan Order, and other defendants.
...
Nazi gold stored in Merkers Salt Mine
As Minister of Economics, Walther Funk accelerated the pace of rearmament and as Reichsbank president banked for the SS the gold rings of Buchenwald victims
The draining of Germany's gold and foreign exchange reserves inhibited the acquisition of materiel, and the Nazi economy, focused on militarisation, could not afford to deplete the means to procure foreign machinery and parts. Nonetheless, towards the end of the 1930s, Germany's foreign reserves were unsustainably low. By 1939, Germany had defaulted upon its foreign loans and most of its trade relied upon command economy barter.[1]
However, this tendency towards autarkic conservation of foreign reserves concealed a trend of expanding official reserves, which occurred through looting assets from annexed Austria, occupied Czechoslovakia, and Nazi-governed Danzig.[2] It is believed that these three sources boosted German official gold reserves by US $71m between 1937 and 1939.[2] To mask the acquisition, the Reichsbank understated its official reserves in 1939 by $40m relative to the Bank of England's estimates.[2]
During the war, Nazi Germany continued the practice on a much larger scale. Germany expropriated some $550m in gold from foreign governments, including $223m from Belgium and $193m from the Netherlands.[2] These figures do not include gold and other instruments stolen from private citizens or companies. The total value of all assets allegedly stolen by Nazi Germany remains uncertain.
The World Jewish Congress lawsuit against Swiss banks was launched to retrieve deposits made into Swiss banks by victims of Nazi persecution during and prior to World War II. Initiated in 1995 as WJC negotiations with both the Government of Switzerland and its banks over burdensome proof-of-ownership requirements for accounts, strong support from United States politicians and leaked documents from a bank guard pressured a settlement in 1998 in a U.S. court for multiple classes of people affected by government and banking practices. As of 2015, $1.28 billion USD has been disbursed for 457,100 claimants.
Nazi name lists in Argentina may reveal loot in Swiss bank
Nazi plunder refers to art theft and other items stolen as a result of the organized looting of European countries during the time of the Third Reich by agents acting on behalf of the ruling Nazi Party of Germany. Plundering occurred from 1933 until the end of World War II, particularly by military units known as the Kunstschutz, although most plunder was acquired during the war. In addition to gold, silver and currency, cultural items of great significance were stolen, including paintings, ceramics, books and religious treasures. Although most of these items were recovered by agents of the Monuments, Fine Arts, and Archives program (MFAA, also known as the Monuments Men), on behalf of the Allies immediately following the war, many are still missing. There is an international effort underway to identify Nazi plunder that still remains unaccounted for, with the aim of ultimately returning the items to the rightful owners, their families or their respective countries.
nazi pharmaceutical companies
IBM, Volkswagen, Coca-Cola, Hugo Boss, The Associated Press, Kodak, Bayer
Here are 11 companies that you may not realize collaborated with the Nazis.
1 | Kodak
During World War Two, Kodak’s German branch used slave laborers from concentration camps. Several of their other European branches did heavy business with the Nazi government.
And Wilhelm Keppler, one of Hitler’s top economic advisers, had deep ties in Kodak. When Nazism began, Keppler advised Kodak and several other U.S. companies that they’d benefit by firing all of their Jewish employees. (Source: The Nation)
2 | Hugo Boss
In the 1930s, Hugo Boss started making Nazi uniforms. The reason: Hugo Boss himself had joined the Nazi party, and got a contract to make the Hitler Youth, storm trooper and SS uniforms.
That was a huge boon for Hugo Boss… he got the contract just eight years after founding his company… and that infusion of business helped take the company to another level.
The Nazi uniform manufacturing went so well that Hugo Boss ended up needing to bring in slave laborers in Poland and France to help out at the factory.
In 1997, Hugo’s son, Siegfried Boss, told an Austrian news magazine, “Of course my father belonged to the Nazi party. But who didn’t belong back then?” (Source: New York Times)
3 | Volkswagen
Ferdinand Porsche, the man behind Volkswagen and Porsche, met with Hitler in 1934, to discuss the creation of a “people’s car.” (That’s the English translation of Volkswagen.)
Hitler told Porsche to make the car with a streamlined shape, “like a beetle.” And that’s the genesis of the Volkswagen Beetle… it wasn’t just designed for the Nazis, Hitler NAMED it.
During World War Two, it’s believed that as many as four out of every five workers at Volkswagen’s plants were slave laborers. Ferdinand Porsche even had a direct connection to Heinrich Himmler, one of the leaders of the SS, to directly request slaves from Auschwitz. (Source: The Straight Dope)
4 | Bayer
During the Holocaust, a German company called IG Farben manufactured the Zyklon B gas used in the Nazi gas chambers. They also funded and helped with Josef Mengele’s torture “experiments” on concentration camp prisoners.
IG Farben is the company that turned the single largest profit from work with the Nazis. After the War, the company was broken up. Bayer was one of its divisions, and went on to become its own company.
Oh… and aspirin was founded by a Bayer employee, Arthur Eichengrun. But Eichengrun was Jewish, and Bayer didn’t want to admit that a Jewish guy created the one product that keeps their company in business. So, to this day, Bayer officially gives credit to Felix Hoffman, a nice Aryan man, for inventing aspirin. (Source: Alliance for Human Research Protection, Pharmaceutical Achievers)
5 | Siemens
Siemens took slave laborers during the Holocaust and had them help construct the gas chambers that would kill them and their families. Good people over there.
Siemens also has the single biggest post-Holocaust moment of insensitivity of any of the companies on this list. In 2001, they tried to trademark the word “Zyklon” (which means “cyclone” in German) to become the name a new line of products… including a line of gas ovens.
Zyklon, of course, being the name of the poison gas used in their gas chambers during the Holocaust.
A week later, after several watchdog groups appropriately freaked out, Siemens withdrew the application. They said they never drew the connection between the Zyklon B gas used during the Holocaust and their proposed Zyklon line of products. (Source: BBC)
6 | Coca-Cola, specifically Fanta
Coke played both sides during World War Two… they supported the American troops but also kept making soda for the Nazis. Then, in 1941, the German branch of Coke ran out of syrup, and couldn’t get any from America because of wartime restrictions.
So they invented a new drink, specifically for the Nazis: A fruit-flavored soda called Fanta.
That’s right: Long before Fanta was associated with a bunch of exotic women singing a god-awful jingle, it was the unofficial drink of Nazi Germany. (Source: New Statesman)
7 | Ford
Henry Ford is a pretty legendary anti-Semite, so this makes sense. He was Hitler’s most famous foreign backer. On his 75th birthday, in 1938, Ford received a Nazi medal, designed for “distinguished foreigners.”
He profiteered off both sides of the War — he was producing vehicles for the Nazis AND for the Allies.
I’m wondering if, in a completely misguided piece of logic, Allianz points to the Detroit Lions giving Ford the naming rights to their stadium as a reason why they should get the rights to the Meadowlands. (Source: Reformed Theology)
8 | Standard Oil
The Luftwaffe needed tetraethyl lead gas in order to get their planes off the ground. Standard Oil was one of only three companies that could manufacture that type of fuel. So they did.
Without them, the German air force never could’ve even gotten their planes off the ground.
When Standard Oil was dissolved as a monopoly, it led to ExxonMobil, Chevron and BP, all of which are still around today. (But fortunately, their parent company’s past decision to make incredible profits off of war have not carried on.) (Source: MIT’s Thistle)
9 | Chase bank
A lot of banks sided with the Nazis during World War Two. Chase is the most prominent.
They froze European Jewish customers’ accounts and were extremely cooperative in providing banking service to Germany. (Source: New York Times)
10 | IBM
IBM custom-build machines for the Nazis that they could use to track everything… from oil supplies to train schedules into death camps to Jewish bank accounts to individual Holocaust victims themselves.
In September of 1939, when Germany invaded Poland, the New York Times reported that three million Jews were going to be “immediately removed” from Poland and were likely going to be “exterminat[ed].”
IBM’s reaction? An internal memo saying that, due to that “situation”, they really needed to step up production on high-speed alphabetizing equipment. (Source: CNet)
11 | Random House publishing
Random House’s parent company, Bertelsmann A.G., worked for the Nazis… they published Hitler propaganda, and a book called Sterilization and Euthanasia: A Contribution to Applied Christian Ethics.
Bertelsmann still owns and operates several companies. I picked Random House because they drew controversy in 1997 when they decided to expand the definition of Nazi in Webster’s Dictionary.
Eleven years ago, they added the colloquial, softened definition of “a person who is fanatically dedicated to or seeks to control a specified activity, practice, etc.” (Think “Soup Nazi.”)
The Anti-Defamation League called that expanded definition offensive… especially when added by a company with Nazi ties… they said it, quote, “trivializes and denies the murderous intent and actions of the Nazi regime… it also cheapens the language by allowing people to reach for a quick word fix… [and] lends a helping hand to those whose aim is to prove that the Nazis were really not such terrible people.” (Source: New York Observer, ADL)
billionaires nazi wealth
Some of Germany’s wealthiest families have long been tainted by Nazi ties: The Quandts (BMW), the Krupps (steel), and the Flicks (mining and machinery) have grappled with a legacy of cooperation with the Third Reich’s economic machine.
Now, the dynasty behind Panera Bread and Krispy Kreme Doughnuts faces a similar reckoning.
Nazi Goebbels’ descendants are hidden billionaires
Nazi propaganda minister’s heirs own nearly 50% of BMW; Study: Quandt family fortune partially built by concentration camp labor.
Some of Germany’s wealthiest families have long been tainted by Nazi ties: The Quandts (BMW), the Krupps (steel), and the Flicks (mining and machinery) have grappled with a legacy of cooperation with the Third Reich’s economic machine.
Now, the dynasty behind Panera Bread and Krispy Kreme Doughnuts faces a similar reckoning.
BERLIN — Germany’s second-richest family built its multibillion-dollar fortune with Krispy Kreme Doughnuts, Jimmy Choo shoes and Calvin Klein perfume — and forced laborers under the Nazis.
The Reimann family, which controls the consumer goods conglomerate JAB Holding Company, recently commissioned a historian to dig deep into company archives and shed light on its activities during the 12 years of Nazi rule.
The initial revelations, 74 years after World War II ended, are damning.
Albert Reimann Sr. and his son Albert Reimann Jr., who ran the company in the 1930s and 1940s, were enthusiastic Hitler supporters and anti-Semites, who condoned the abuse of forced laborers, not only in their industrial chemicals company in southern Germany, but also in their own home. Female workers from Eastern Europe were forced to stand at attention naked in their factory barracks. Those who refused were sexually abused. Workers were kicked and beaten, among them one Russian woman, who cleaned in the Reimanns’ private villa.
News of the family’s dark history broke Sunday in the tabloid Bild. Peter Harf, the family spokesman and one of two managing partners of JAB Holding, said the historian’s findings “completely matched” those of the family.
https://www.nytimes.com/2019/03/25/world/europe/nazi-laborers-jab-holding.html
colonialism deaths
R.J. Rummel, a University of Hawaii scholar who spent his life estimate state-perpetrated atrocities, put the 20th century death toll attributable to colonialism at 50 million (behind only the Soviet Union and communist China in total killed). And European colonialism was around for hundreds of years.
Colonialism in India
As the largest colony of the world’s largest imperial power, India is often cited by apologists for the British Empire as an example of “successful” colonialism. Actually, India provides a much more convincing case study for rebutting Gilley’s argument.
With a population of over 1.3 billion and an economy predicted to become the world’s third-largest by 2030, India is a modern day powerhouse. While many attribute this to British colonial rule, a look at the facts says otherwise.
From 1757 to 1947, the entire period of British rule, there was no increase in per capita income within the Indian subcontinent. This is a striking fact, given that, historically speaking, the Indian subcontinent was traditionally one of the wealthiest parts of the world.
As proven by the macroeconomic studies of experts such as K.N. Chaudhuri, India and China were central to an expansive world economy long before the first European traders managed to circumnavigate the African cape.
During the heyday of British rule, or the British Raj, from 1872 to 1921, Indian life expectancy dropped by a stunning 20 per cent. By contrast, during the 70 years since independence, Indian life expectancy has increased by approximately 66 per cent, or 27 years. A comparable increase of 65 per cent can also be observed in Pakistan, which was once part of British India.
Although many cite India’s extensive rail network as a positive legacy of British colonialism, it is important to note the railroad was built with the express purpose of transporting colonial troops inland to quell revolt. And to transport food out of productive regions for export, even in times of famine.
This explains the fact that during the devastating famines of 1876-1879 and 1896-1902 in which 12 to 30 million Indians starved to death, mortality rates were highest in areas serviced by British rail lines.
...
Colonialism did not benefit the colonized
India’s experience is highly relevant for assessing the impact of colonialism, but it does not stand alone as the only example to refute Gilley’s assertions. Gilley argues current poverty and instability within the Democratic Republic of the Congo proves the Congolese were better off under Belgian rule. The evidence says otherwise.
Since independence in 1960, life expectancy in the Congo has climbed steadily, from around 41 years on the eve of independence to 59 in 2015. This figure remains low compared to most other countries in the world. Nonetheless, it is high compared to what it was under Belgian rule.
Under colonial rule, the Congolese population declined by estimates ranging from three million to 13 million between 1885 and 1908 due to widespread disease, a coercive labour regime and endemic brutality.
Gilley argues the benefits of colonialism can be observed by comparing former colonies to countries with no significant colonial history. Yet his examples of the latter erroneously include Haiti (a French colony from 1697 to 1804), Libya (a direct colony of the Ottoman Empire from 1835 and of Italy from 1911), and Guatemala (occupied by Spain from 1524 to 1821).
By contrast, he neglects to mention Japan, a country that legitimately was never colonized and now boasts the third largest GDP on the planet, as well as Turkey, which up until recently was widely viewed as the most successful secular country in the Muslim world.
These counter-examples disprove Gilley’s central thesis that non-Western countries are by definition incapable of reaching modernity without Western “guidance.”
In short, the facts are in, but they do not paint the picture that Gilley and other imperial apologists would like to claim. Colonialism left deep scars on the Global South and for those genuinely interested in the welfare of non-Western countries, the first step is acknowledging this.
European colonization of the Americas resulted in the killing of so many native people that it transformed the environment and caused the Earth’s climate to cool down, new research has found.
Settlers killed off huge numbers of people in conflicts and also by spreading disease, which reduced the indigenous population by 90% in the century following Christopher Columbus’s initial journey to the Americas and Caribbean in 1492.
colonialism
The pith helmet, an icon of colonialism in tropical lands. This one was used during the Second French colonial empire.
Colonialism is the policy of a country seeking to extend or retain its authority over other people or territories,[1][need quotation to verify] generally with the aim of economic dominance.[2] In the process of colonisation, colonisers may impose their religion, economics, and other cultural practices on indigenous peoples. The foreign invaders/interlopers rule the territory in pursuit of their interests, seeking to benefit from the colonised region's people and resources.[3]
Starting in the 15th century, some European states established their own empires during the European colonial period. The Belgian, British, Danish, Dutch, French, Ottoman [4]:116 Portuguese, Russian, Spanish and Swedish empires established colonies across large areas. Japan, the United States and China also followed this path, as did the Germans and the Italians in the late 19th century.
At first, European colonising countries followed policies of mercantilism, aiming to strengthen the home-country economy, so agreements usually restricted the colonies to trading only with the metropole (mother country). By the mid-19th century, however, the British Empire gave up mercantilism and trade restrictions and adopted the principle of free trade, with few restrictions or tariffs. Christian missionaries were active in practically all of the European-controlled colonies because the metropoles were Christian. Historian Philip Hoffman calculated that by 1800, before the Industrial Revolution, Europeans already controlled at least 35% of the globe, and by 1914, they had gained control of 84% of the globe.[5]
In the aftermath of World War II colonial powers were forced to retreat between 1945–1975, when nearly all colonies gained independence, entering into changed colonial, so-called postcolonial and neocolonialist relations. Postcolonialism and neocolonialism has continued or shifted relations and ideologies of colonialism, attempting to justify its continuation with adjusted narratives like development and new frontiers, as in exploring outer space for colonization.[6]
https://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2020/03/religion-vs-uswestern-leadership-random.html
- did the Allies settle/reach a secret agreement with the Axis powers to reach an early end?
peace agreement end world war ii
united states stole nazi submarine technology
https://www.nytimes.com/1995/12/31/us/captured-cargo-captivating-mystery.html
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paris_Peace_Treaties,_1947
German forces in Italy surrender: On 29 April, the day before Hitler died, Oberstleutnant Schweinitz and Sturmbannführer Wenner, plenipotentiaries for Generaloberst Heinrich von Vietinghoff and SS Obergruppenführer Karl Wolff, signed a surrender document at Caserta[13] after prolonged unauthorised secret negotiations with the Western Allies, which were viewed with great suspicion by the Soviet Union as trying to reach a separate peace. In the document, the Germans agreed to a ceasefire and surrender of all the forces under the command of Vietinghoff at 2pm on 2 May. Accordingly, after some bitter wrangling between Wolff and Albert Kesselring in the early hours of 2 May, nearly 1,000,000 men in Italy and Austria surrendered unconditionally to British Field Marshal Sir Harold Alexander at 2pm on 2 May.[14]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/End_of_World_War_II_in_Europe
- did the Allies settle/reach a secret agreement with the Axis powers to reach an early end?
peace agreement end world war ii
united states stole nazi submarine technology
https://www.nytimes.com/1995/12/31/us/captured-cargo-captivating-mystery.html
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paris_Peace_Treaties,_1947
German forces in Italy surrender: On 29 April, the day before Hitler died, Oberstleutnant Schweinitz and Sturmbannführer Wenner, plenipotentiaries for Generaloberst Heinrich von Vietinghoff and SS Obergruppenführer Karl Wolff, signed a surrender document at Caserta[13] after prolonged unauthorised secret negotiations with the Western Allies, which were viewed with great suspicion by the Soviet Union as trying to reach a separate peace. In the document, the Germans agreed to a ceasefire and surrender of all the forces under the command of Vietinghoff at 2pm on 2 May. Accordingly, after some bitter wrangling between Wolff and Albert Kesselring in the early hours of 2 May, nearly 1,000,000 men in Italy and Austria surrendered unconditionally to British Field Marshal Sir Harold Alexander at 2pm on 2 May.[14]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/End_of_World_War_II_in_Europe
- the remarkable thing about the end of the World Wars was how things turned out? The Cold War was never a real contest? The US had almost four the times the GDP of the Soviet Union by the time it started?
war deaths by country
DEATHS BY COUNTRY
Country Military Deaths Total Civilian and Military Deaths
Albania 30,000 30,200
Australia 39,800 40,500
Austria 261,000 384,700
Belgium 12,100 86,100
Brazil 1,000 2,000
Bulgaria 22,000 25,000
Canada 45,400 45,400
China 3-4,000,000 20,000,000
Czechoslovakia 25,000 345,000
Denmark 2,100 3,200
Dutch East Indies -- 3-4,000,000
Estonia -- 51,000
Ethiopia 5,000 100,000
Finland 95,000 97,000
France 217,600 567,600
French Indochina -- 1-1,500,000
Germany 5,533,000 6,600,000-8,800,000
Greece 20,000-35,000 300,000-800,000
Hungary 300,000 580,000
India 87,000 1,500,000-2,500,000
Italy 301,400 457,000
Japan 2,120,000 2,600,000-3,100,000
Korea -- 378,000-473,000
Latvia -- 227,000
Lithuania -- 353,000
Luxembourg -- 2,000
Malaya -- 100,000
Netherlands 17,000 301,000
New Zealand 11,900 11,900
Norway 3,000 9,500
Papua New Guinea -- 15,000
Philippines 57,000 500,000-1,000,000
Poland 240,000 5,600,000
Romania 300,000 833,000
Singapore -- 50,000
South Africa 11,900 11,900
Soviet Union 8,800,000-10,700,000 24,000,000
United Kingdom 383,600 450,700
United States 416,800 418,500
Yugoslavia 446,000 1,000,000
soviet union vs united states gdp trend
- I've been studying Nazis as well as other hate groups via some fairly basic but automated (custom) systems and software. It's obvious that a lot of past conflicts may have simply gone underground or gone into hybrid mode. It's surprising how little the public know?
list rebel groups
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_active_rebel_groups
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_guerrilla_movements
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_guerrillas
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guerrilla_warfare
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_active_communist_armed_groups
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_designated_terrorist_organizations
global hate groups -usa -united -states (via google)
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/researchers-model-online-hate-networks-in-effort-to-battle-them/
https://www.wsj.com/articles/u-s-labels-russian-white-supremacist-group-as-global-terrorist-11586202978
https://globalnews.ca/news/6183688/canadian-armed-forces-hate-groups-report/
global hate groups (via yandex)
https://www.cfr.org/backgrounder/hate-speech-social-media-global-comparisons
https://globalnews.ca/tag/hate-groups/
https://www.weeklyblitz.net/counterterrorism/jihadist-group-linked-charities-running-anti-india-campaign-in-the-us/
khmer rouge
The Khmer Rouge was a brutal regime that ruled Cambodia, under the leadership of Marxist dictator Pol Pot, from 1975 to 1979. Pol Pot’s attempts to create a Cambodian “master race” through social engineering ultimately led to the deaths of more than 2 million people in the Southeast Asian country. Those killed were either executed as enemies of the regime, or died from starvation, disease or overwork. Historically, this period—as shown in the film The Killing Fields—has come to be known as the Cambodian Genocide.
https://www.theguardian.com/business/grogonomics/2020/apr/05/dont-be-fooled-by-morrisons-benevolence-soon-its-back-to-tax-cuts-and-smaller-government
supremacist groups
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_white_nationalist_organizations
https://www.splcenter.org/hate-map
black supremacist groups
https://www.splcenter.org/fighting-hate/extremist-files/group/new-black-panther-party
https://www.splcenter.org/fighting-hate/extremist-files/group/nation-islam
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_supremacy
Contents
1 Historical trends
2 Groups by type
2.1 Ku Klux Klan
2.2 Neo-Nazi
2.3 White nationalist
2.4 Racist skinheads
2.5 Extreme antigovernment movement
2.6 Black separatist/nationalist
2.7 Neo-Confederate
2.8 Christian Identity
2.9 Anti-LGBT
2.10 Anti-immigrant
2.11 Holocaust denial
2.12 Male supremacy
2.13 Neo-Völkisch
2.14 Hate music
2.15 Radical traditional Catholicism
2.16 Anti-Muslim
2.17 Other
3 See also
4 References
5 External links
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_organizations_designated_by_the_Southern_Poverty_Law_Center_as_hate_groups
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_Australia_policy
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inside_Man
https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=inside+man+don%27t+bullshit
Don’t bullshit a bullshitter
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=USouPlBJ4FU
Inside Man 2006 (Scene)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=naKIeJwFLAU
“The real winners of the cold war were Nazi war criminals, many of whom were able to escape justice because the East and West became so rapidly focused after the war on challenging each other,” says Eli Rosenbaum, director of the Justice Department’s Office of Special Investigations and America’s chief Nazi hunter. Rosenbaum serves on a Clinton-appointed Interagency Working Group (IWG) committee of U.S. scholars, public officials, and former intelligence officers who helped prepare the CIA records for declassification.
Many Nazi criminals “received light punishment, no punishment at all, or received compensation because Western spy agencies considered them useful assets in the cold war,” the IWG team stated after releasing 18,000 pages of redacted CIA material. (More installments are pending.)
https://ips-dc.org/the_cias_worst-kept_secret_newly_declassified_files_confirm_united_states_collaboration_with_nazis/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Paperclip
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Osoaviakhim
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ODESSA
https://www.independent.co.uk/news/fourth-reich-plot-revealed-1362082.html
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Odessa_File
http://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2020/03/religion-vs-uswestern-leadership-random.html
list rebel groups
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_active_rebel_groups
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_guerrilla_movements
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_guerrillas
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guerrilla_warfare
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_active_communist_armed_groups
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_designated_terrorist_organizations
global hate groups -usa -united -states (via google)
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/researchers-model-online-hate-networks-in-effort-to-battle-them/
https://www.wsj.com/articles/u-s-labels-russian-white-supremacist-group-as-global-terrorist-11586202978
https://globalnews.ca/news/6183688/canadian-armed-forces-hate-groups-report/
global hate groups (via yandex)
https://www.cfr.org/backgrounder/hate-speech-social-media-global-comparisons
https://globalnews.ca/tag/hate-groups/
https://www.weeklyblitz.net/counterterrorism/jihadist-group-linked-charities-running-anti-india-campaign-in-the-us/
khmer rouge
The Khmer Rouge was a brutal regime that ruled Cambodia, under the leadership of Marxist dictator Pol Pot, from 1975 to 1979. Pol Pot’s attempts to create a Cambodian “master race” through social engineering ultimately led to the deaths of more than 2 million people in the Southeast Asian country. Those killed were either executed as enemies of the regime, or died from starvation, disease or overwork. Historically, this period—as shown in the film The Killing Fields—has come to be known as the Cambodian Genocide.
https://www.theguardian.com/business/grogonomics/2020/apr/05/dont-be-fooled-by-morrisons-benevolence-soon-its-back-to-tax-cuts-and-smaller-government
supremacist groups
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_white_nationalist_organizations
https://www.splcenter.org/hate-map
black supremacist groups
https://www.splcenter.org/fighting-hate/extremist-files/group/new-black-panther-party
https://www.splcenter.org/fighting-hate/extremist-files/group/nation-islam
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_supremacy
Contents
1 Historical trends
2 Groups by type
2.1 Ku Klux Klan
2.2 Neo-Nazi
2.3 White nationalist
2.4 Racist skinheads
2.5 Extreme antigovernment movement
2.6 Black separatist/nationalist
2.7 Neo-Confederate
2.8 Christian Identity
2.9 Anti-LGBT
2.10 Anti-immigrant
2.11 Holocaust denial
2.12 Male supremacy
2.13 Neo-Völkisch
2.14 Hate music
2.15 Radical traditional Catholicism
2.16 Anti-Muslim
2.17 Other
3 See also
4 References
5 External links
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_organizations_designated_by_the_Southern_Poverty_Law_Center_as_hate_groups
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_Australia_policy
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inside_Man
https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=inside+man+don%27t+bullshit
Don’t bullshit a bullshitter
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=USouPlBJ4FU
Inside Man 2006 (Scene)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=naKIeJwFLAU
“The real winners of the cold war were Nazi war criminals, many of whom were able to escape justice because the East and West became so rapidly focused after the war on challenging each other,” says Eli Rosenbaum, director of the Justice Department’s Office of Special Investigations and America’s chief Nazi hunter. Rosenbaum serves on a Clinton-appointed Interagency Working Group (IWG) committee of U.S. scholars, public officials, and former intelligence officers who helped prepare the CIA records for declassification.
Many Nazi criminals “received light punishment, no punishment at all, or received compensation because Western spy agencies considered them useful assets in the cold war,” the IWG team stated after releasing 18,000 pages of redacted CIA material. (More installments are pending.)
https://ips-dc.org/the_cias_worst-kept_secret_newly_declassified_files_confirm_united_states_collaboration_with_nazis/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Paperclip
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Osoaviakhim
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ODESSA
https://www.independent.co.uk/news/fourth-reich-plot-revealed-1362082.html
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Odessa_File
http://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2020/03/religion-vs-uswestern-leadership-random.html
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Random Quotes:
- Boeing shares have dropped 64% in the last 23 sessions.
As we raged previously, this bailout demand comes after the company blew nearly $100 billion on stock buybacks since 2013 helping push its stock to all-time highs not that long ago, and instead of selling stock to get liquidity, they're asking the Trump administration for a massive bailout.
So, no, nobody in their right minds should give Boeing even one penny in "short term aid". Instead, management and the board should be ordered to sell as much stock as they need - you know, the opposite of buying it back - to maintain the business, even it means sending the stock price crashing far lower.
Because it's called capitalism, and because there is no reason why taxpayers should foot the bill for a company which instead of saving cash when times were good, was handing it out to shareholders and a handful of executives, and which should now for some insane reason be eligible for a bailout when times suddenly go bad.
No: force Boeing - and others like it that spent billions repurchasing its stock while incurring massive amounts of debt - to sell its stock. After all that's what a public company's stock is - a currency - and just as Boeing could repurchase it when it had cash, and lifted its stock price to all time highs, it should now sell its stock and use the proceeds to fund itself, like any other corporation does when it needs funding. Last time we checked, Boeing's market cap was $73 billion, and it certainly afford to drop much more as the company now does the buyback in reverse.
This is also a warning to Congress and the White House: if chronic stock repurchasers such as Boeing, are bailed out instead of ordered to find their own sources of liquidity, there will be a mutiny in America and rightfully so, because it was Boeing's shareholders that got rich on the way up, and now it is somehow up to taxpayers to make sure the company, loaded up with record amounts of debt used to fund buybacks, survives one more quarter.
That, in a word, is bullshit.
- Russian President Vladimir Putin and his administration are using the coronavirus crisis to spread conspiracy theories in a bid to “subvert the West” and create a new world order, a new report has alleged.
In an article published Wednesday by The University of Calgary’s School of Public Policy, it’s claimed Russia has been “churning out propaganda that blames the West for creating the virus.” The report’s author, Sergey Sukhankin, said the state was propagating disinformation and conspiracy theories via social media accounts, fake news outlets, state-controlled media, pseudo-scientists and Russians living in the West. The Kremlin has previously denied such claims.
“Putin’s larger goal in spreading propaganda and conspiracy theories is to subvert the West,” Sukhankin said.
“Russia seeks to seriously damage the solidarity among EU members and capitalize on any internal European weaknesses to promote broader conflicts. COVID-19 is seen as an ideal way for Russia to deal a powerful blow not only to the EU, but to inflict damage on the ties between Europe and its North American allies.”
Moscow also wanted revenge on the West for economic sanctions that were imposed on Russia for various reasons, including its annexation of Crimea, Sukhankin added, warning that the Kremlin saw an opportunity amid the crisis to unravel the current world order.
“Moscow views the virus as a fortuitous harbinger of the end of the post-Cold War liberal world order,” the report said. “The new leaders to emerge from this liberal collapse, according to this view, will be Russia and China. Indeed, Russia is seeking to strengthen its ties with China, as well as with Iran, and the danger is that other rogue states could join this new configuration.”
Speaking to CNBC on Tuesday, Keyu Jin, associate professor of economics at the London School of Economics, also claimed that China saw the coronavirus crisis as the “opportunity of the century” to establish a new role for itself on the international stage.
- The current breadwinner father model is not working for many women, with domestic inequality being one of the biggest sources of marital tension. Neither is it working out so well for many men with one in 10 new dads experiencing postnatal depression.
And it’s not great for our kids. Fathers are most often the first deep male relationship a child has. Fathers are incredibly influential in teaching girls about how they should expect to be treated by men. And boys look to their fathers to work out what kind of man they should grow up to be.
“We often think fathers should teach boys how to do certain things — kick a footy, shave, put on a tie — when in fact they should be imparting character traits and an understanding of manhood. The attitudes and actions of fathers can expand or confine what masculinity means to our sons,” says Sturrock.
The lesson of history is that we should consign the pop psychology myth that men are naturally hardwired to go out and hunt from caveman times to the dustbin. Men are no more genetically programmed to be emotionally-distant walking wallets than women are “naturally” nurturing. The rise of work in factories dragged men away from their homes and their kids. It’s time they were encouraged back.
- Limonov settled in New York, working for a Russian-language newspaper and immersing himself in radical politics and the punk sub-culture. He complained about harassment from US authorities, writing that "the FBI is just as zealous in putting down American radicals as the KGB is with its own radicals and dissidents... [but] the methods of the FBI are more modern."
- When Germany invaded the Soviet Union Kuznetsov, at his own request, was sent to join Soviet partisan units in the Nazi-occupied Ukraine. In 1942, the same year he became a member of the Communist Party, he fought as a member of the guerrilla group "Victors", led by Dmitry Medvedev, in central and western Ukraine. Kuznetsov was in charge of several complex operations involving assassinations and kidnappings of high-ranking Nazi officials in the Rivne and Lviv regions, such as successful operations against the German-appointed chief judge of Ukraine, the vice-governor of Galicia, the adviser to the Reichskommissar of Ukraine, three German generals and others. Kuznetsov was also the first intelligence agent to uncover German plans to launch a massive tank attack in the Kursk region, and information about German V-2 rockets, as well as about Operation Long Jump, Hitler's plan to assassinate the heads of the USSR, USA and Great Britain during the Tehran Conference. Kuznetsov was operating in Rivne (the capital of Reichskommissariat Ukraine) using the fake German identity of Oberleutnant Paul Siebert. It was Kuznetsov who obtained information about the location of Hitler's "Werwolf" headquarters, near the city of Vinnitsya.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikolai_Kuznetsov_(spy)
An unnamed resident whose daughter took the picture said 'in the sky, a rainbow started to be seen, and then some drops started to create the figure (of the Virgin) in the sky surrounding the sun'.
...
While netizen Susy Jimenez seemingly saw the figure as the Virgin Mary, writing: 'Thanks Mother for protecting us, for interceding for God, and for your mercy for the people.'
Reports state the figure was also seen from the nearby town of Candelaria. San Carlos is said to be one of the oldest Jesuit towns in the province.
Nancy Cervantes Saez commented 'and there are a lot of stories… I do know we are very sensitive, aren't we asking for a bit of hope?', connecting the incident with coronavirus pandemic and the beginning of the quarantine in Argentina.
But 'Ricardo Busto' added: 'My cousin says she sees a penis'.
