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Sunday, September 10, 2023

Conversion from Physical to Virtual Machines using VirtualBox, Cheap RAID options, and More

VirtualBox Conversion:
- I recently came to the realisation that I was running out of space recently and a few hard drives also died which meant I had to upgrade/consolidate. This meant moving to larger drives, moving to SSD technology, consolidating data via RAID, and changing motherboard and CPU
https://www.virtualbox.org/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VirtualBox
- due to the nature of the existing partitioning scheme I thought I could save space if managed things better things. The steps mentioned online weren't really applicable in my situation and just gave me an error so I had an old copy of Easeus Partition Magic instead to see if that would changed anything
shrink volume windows partition
https://www.easeus.com/partition-master/shrink-windows-10-partition.html
https://www.easeus.com/partition-manager/
19
I had the same problem, 500GB harddisk and the shrinking process didn't shrink less than 230GB.. I did the below steps and I was able to shrink to exactly the space allocated by the windows files itself.
Do the following...
Remove C:\hiberfil.sys file (by disabling Hibernation, e.g with powercfg /h off).
Remove C:\pagefile.sys file (by disabling page file for drive C).
Defragment your C volume.
Restart the computer.
Open disk management and see the magic. ;)
Do not forget to reenable a pagefile after shrinking the volume.
https://superuser.com/questions/484375/how-can-i-shrink-my-windows-partition-further-than-the-disk-management-is-allowi
https://www.easeus.com/partition-master/shrink-windows-10-partition.html
https://ultradefrag.net/
https://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2010/07/drive-imaging.html
https://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2015/07/selling-software-online-installer.html
https://clonezilla.org/downloads.php
https://clonezilla.org/clonezilla-live.php
https://clonezilla.org/downloads/src/
https://free.nchc.org.tw/drbl-core/src/
- the process of actual conversion is actually fairly simple but can be slow and tedious. First of all I had to take an image of the drive itself. Most of the time you can do this via dd. However, I tried using straight dd (as per others online said via documentation) but it wouldn't allow me to create a raw image due to bad sector errors from the original hard drive? I had to use ddrescue to try and create an image instead. Thankfully, it seemed to work perfectly fine
dd if=/dev/sdb of=image_file
https://www.gnu.org/software/ddrescue/manual/ddrescue_manual.html
- then you can begin to create the process of image conversion to a Virtual Hard Disk Image. Their is no indication of how long this will take? Closest simplest bit of code to watch over it is the following. What I didn't realise is that this process doesn't really compress things? I suspect you'll need to use
while true
do
  ls -lah
  date
  sleep 10
done
VboxManage convertfromraw --format VDI source.img target.vdi
https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Linux_Downloads
Create VHD from physical disk
https://www.eassos.com/blog/disk-to-vhd/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VMware_Workstation
convert physical machine to virtual virtualbox
https://www.baeldung.com/linux/virtualbox-create-vm-from-physical
https://docs.oracle.com/en/virtualization/virtualbox/6.0/user/vboxmanage-convertfromraw.html
https://www.wintips.org/how-to-convert-physical-machine-to-virtualbox-machine/
convert physical machine to virtual virtualbox from linux
https://www.linux.org/threads/physical-to-virtual-p2v-using-virtualbox.10928/
https://serverfault.com/questions/33603/creating-a-virtual-machine-in-virtualbox-from-a-physical-one
https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Migrate_Windows
- after attempting to start the virtual image, my system froze. I figured out that it was due to the VTx bit being turned off after trying to create a new VM from stratch. The underlying VM insisted on running CHKDSK checks afterwards though
- the more VMs you deal with the more likely you'll to deal with storage capacity issues. SAN/NAS, compression, data management technology, etc... can only take you so far. At some point, you need to cut back. I thought about using basic the split, dd, etc... commands to create smaller images and then convert them to VHD afterwards
convert vhd to physical disk
https://www.easeus.com/partition-master/vhd-to-physical-disk.html
https://www.ubackup.com/articles/vhd-to-physical-disk.html
shrink vhd virtualbox
https://www.howtogeek.com/312883/how-to-shrink-a-virtualbox-virtual-machine-and-free-up-disk-space/
VHD cannot resize
https://forums.virtualbox.org/viewtopic.php?f=3&t=103542
- you need to turn for to make things easier to manage:
Settings > Storage > DVD Drive > Passthrough > Enable
vboxguestadditions during certificate downloading unknown reason
https://www.reddit.com/r/virtualbox/comments/10xqngv/cannot_download_virtualbox_guest_additions_disk/
https://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/7.0.6/
virtualbox verr pdm driver not found
https://superuser.com/questions/760327/vbox-guest-additions-iso-cant-be-mounted-because-of-verr-pdm-media-locked
https://superuser.com/questions/1023423/virtualbox-not-filling-screen-guest-additions-not-inserted-already-tried-all
https://maheshhika.com/2012/09/28/virtual-box-verr_pdm_media_locked/
- had to enable this to not crash things if I needed to add VBoxAdditions
Settings > Storage > Controller: SATA > Use Host I/O Cache > Enable
- you can't really genuinely play games via VirtualBox with Windows. Even if you turn on 3D acceleration option it's still terrible/jerky. You'll need to have a secondary system to play games or else install Windows on another partition or storage device
playing games via virtualbox
https://www.linux.org/threads/windows-11-gaming-in-virtualbox.39734/
- for a whole host of reasons I often run multiple different versions of operating systems at home. Personally, Linux have becomes progressively worse? More difficult to fix, covers up too much which makes debugging difficult, filesystem structure isn't as logical as it once was, etc...
install windows on to hard drive after having linux
https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/topic/how-to-remove-linux-and-install-windows-on-your-computer-f489c550-f8ec-b458-0a64-c3a8d60d3497#:~:text=To%20install%20Windows%20on%20a,of%20the%20Windows%20operating%20system.
https://itsfoss.com/install-windows-after-ubuntu-dual-boot/
install windows on to hard drive after having fedora
https://www.reddit.com/r/Fedora/comments/o7icnl/install_windows_after_fedora_dual_boot/
https://www.reddit.com/r/Fedora/comments/alh13i/dual_boot_windows_10_after_installing_fedora/
fedora just blinking cursor on startup
https://www.reddit.com/r/Fedora/comments/rcvb1h/stuck_on_blinking_cursor_after_update/
https://www.stephenwagner.com/2018/08/25/fedora-core-black-screen-with-cursor-after-install-upgrade/
https://forums.fedoraforum.org/showthread.php?240545-Fedora-boot-error-quot-the-blinking-underscore-quot-more!
Fedora wireless not working
https://knowledgebase.frame.work/fedora-wi-fi-troubleshooting-guide-BJpTzcH0s
install vlc fedora
https://www.videolan.org/vlc/download-fedora.html
https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/installing-and-running-vlc/
https://www.videolan.org/vlc/download-fedora.html
vlc install libdvdcss fedora
https://www.videolan.org/developers/libdvdcss.html
https://download.videolan.org/pub/libdvdcss/
fedora configure firewall
https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/firewalld/
- older version of Windows require you to to reinstall. Newer onces don't seem to have this issue
moving windows hard drive to new computer without reinstall
https://www.ubackup.com/windows-10/move-hard-drive-to-new-computer-windows-10.html
https://au.pcmag.com/migrated-15175-windows-10/94280/how-to-move-your-windows-drive-to-a-new-pc
access btrfs from windows
https://www.linuxfordevices.com/tutorials/linux/winbtrfs-access-btrfs-partitions-windows
https://github.com/maharmstone/btrfs

RAID options:
- it may sound strange but I need extra storage options at home. I looked tape drives, high capacity optical such as multi-layer Blu-Ray discs, high capacity hard drives, NAS/SAN solutions, etc... Tape drives go out of date too quickly, too expensive and are somewhat rare, high capacity optical are are ironically difficult to find, SAN/NAS options can get pretty expensive unless you're willing to build your own solution, so I looked at RAID options for a normal whitebox PC including fakeRAID/software based RAID
WD HGST DC HC620 and linux
15TB HDDs: Western Digital Unveils the Ultrastar DC HC620 (anandtech.com)
https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=18336497
https://documents.westerndigital.com/content/dam/doc-library/en_us/assets/public/western-digital/product/data-center-drives/ultrastar-dc-hc600-series/implementation-guide-ultrastar-dc-hc620.pdf
https://github.com/westerndigitalcorporation/libzbc
- most people recommened Adaptec, LSI logic, Dell PERC, HP SmartArray, IBM ServeRAID, etc... or other well known RAID cards. I can't justify the price for these cards so I looked at cheap imports from China (almost everything is from China is nowadays so there's not much choice here no matter what price range), the secondary market first, re-branded cards (IBM uses rebranded Adapter and LSI, while Dell/HP use rebranded LSI cards), etc... ASMedia, VIA, Marvell chipsets are often what I'll be dealing with if buying new and looking for cheap hardware. The main issue with these brands are lack of technical support and driver/firmware updates which means you may be forced to update drivers yourself (if you can even find open source drivers to modify)
- the problem with rebranded gear is that they often don't work well with whitebox hardware. I rarely use branded stuff unless I have to. My main problem with them is lack of upgrade/repair options, hardware/software locks that make them more difficult to use, some manufacturers refuse to support products beyond a particular point so you have to hack/patch drivers/firmware, force yourself to use the same Operating System, etc... The good thing about rebranded stuff though is that lot of people don't realise this and don't have the skill or patience require to get them to work. This means they often go cheap on the secondary/used market
cheap linux compatible raid card
https://serverfault.com/questions/1050334/is-there-a-list-of-linux-compatible-raid-hba-cards
Compatible RAID Card for 18.04?
https://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2425255
https://linustechtips.com/topic/1256549-budget-raid-controller-recommendations/
https://www.linuxquestions.org/questions/linux-hardware-18/recommendations-for-a-raid-card-for-a-linux-box-672990/
https://community.spiceworks.com/topic/1401238-cheap-4-port-sata-raid-card
What raid cards and servers are compatible with CentOS 7?
https://forums.centos.org/viewtopic.php?t=49149
- I looked at a proper used server as an option but due to noise, price, heavy use of proprietary systems that are hard to troubleshoot/support I ruled it out. One idea I'd been playing around was using crypto mining hardware and turning it into a makeshift SAN/NAS. Heaps of people have gone of the game after they discovered crypto mining was unprofitable so now you can often get parts very cheaply and these boards often have lots of extra PCIe slots which means you can add extra RAID cards
- Dell PERCs will work straight out of the box basically and basically use LSI chipsets? IBM ServeRAID support is a struggle, and HP support on whitebox is pretty good
ServeRAID-7t and linux
https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/ibm-serveraid-7t-sata-drivers-linux-servers-and-intellistation
https://www.linuxquestions.org/questions/linux-hardware-18/ibm-serveraid-7k-debian-4175535337/
https://forums.oracle.com/ords/r/apexds/community/q?question=obtain-serveraid-7k-kernel-module-for-oracle-linux-7-or-8-8143
https://serverfault.com/questions/58480/serveraid-8-k-linux-kernel-support-preferred-distribution
https://www.unix.com/red-hat/222545-raid-configuration-ibm-serveraid-7k-scsi-raid-controller.html
ServeRAID-7t 4 Port Serial ATA RAID Controller
39R8805
IBM 39R8805 ServeRAID-7t 4 Port Serial ATA RAID Controller
https://www.ebay.com/itm/255156125938
serveraid 7t chipset
https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/overview-ibm-serveraid-7t-sata-controller
lsi sas3108
https://support.huawei.com/enterprise/en/doc/EDOC1100115313/7c874875/upgrading-the-lsi-sas3108-raid-controller-card-using-cli-on-linux
https://www.broadcom.com/products/storage/raid-on-chip/sas-3108
https://docs.broadcom.com/doc/LSISAS3108
serveraid 7t lsi chipset
https://forums.servethehome.com/index.php?threads/lsi-raid-controller-and-hba-complete-listing-plus-oem-models.599/
https://forums.servethehome.com/index.php?threads/lsi-raid-controller-and-hba-complete-listing-plus-oem-models.599/
Dell Perc H200 on non dell hardware
https://www.reddit.com/r/homelab/comments/5uors2/will_dell_perc_h200_work_in_nondell_board/
https://www.dell.com/community/PowerEdge-Hardware-General/Perc-H200-drive-compatibility-list/td-p/7297456
https://www.dell.com/community/PowerEdge-HDD-SCSI-RAID/PERC-H200-with-SATA-drives-Poweredge-T310/td-p/3703667
Dell Perc H200 linux configuration
perc h200 on linux
https://www.reddit.com/r/homelab/comments/ry277p/h200_in_it_mode_os_cant_see_disks/
https://www.experts-exchange.com/questions/25369900/support-for-dell-perc-H200-raid-controller-on-ubuntu.html
https://forums.servethehome.com/index.php?threads/hds-dont-show-up-with-flashed-dell-perc-h200.9258/
oracle linux 7 kernel version
oracle linux 8 kernel version
https://blogs.oracle.com/scoter/post/oracle-linux-and-unbreakable-enterprise-kernel-uek-releases
https://blogs.oracle.com/linux/post/announcing-the-release-of-oracle-linux-8-update-6
https://yum.oracle.com/oracle-linux-isos.html
- people say there is no difference between fakeRAID and software based RAID but I get to differ. fakeRAID gives you more SATA/SAS ports which software obviously can't give you on a board where there aren't many existing SATA/SAS ports. Ironically, early Intel Core i* (Gen1-Gen2) motherboards often seemed to have many more expansion options then boards for the same equivalent price nowadays? The problem with them is lack of onboard support for SSD drives, USB3, lack of speed, upgrade pathways, etc...
Marvell - 88SE9230 linux
https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/218650/drivers-for-marvell-88se9230-sata-controller-on-linux
https://linux-hardware.org/index.php?id=pci:1b4b-9230-1b4b-9230
https://linux-hardware.org/index.php?id=pci:1b4b-9230-1043-857a
anyone have luck getting Marvell 88SE9230 to work on mint?
https://forums.linuxmint.com/viewtopic.php?t=323262
via vt6412a linux raid configuration
https://raid.wiki.kernel.org/index.php/RAID_setup
https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-create-raid-arrays-with-mdadm-on-ubuntu-16-04
- I actally found a good real on the secondary market for a HighPoint RocketRAID 2340. The included breakout cable bundle cost was more then the cost of the RAID card itself? Couldn't find much in the waw of software support though. Ironically, I've found that universities or countries that have been sanctioned are often good places to find rare software? It actually makes sense because they probably can't afford to purchase the latest and greatest stuff out there
https://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2018/04/dealing-with-legacy-applications-random.html
https://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2020/04/things-spies-have-stolen-random-stuff.html
https://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2020/04/what-happened-to-escaped-nazis-random.html
http://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2020/02/cybersecurity-attack-background.html
https://web.archive.org/web/20160828235858/http://www.highpoint-tech.com/BIOS_Driver/rr232x/Linux/new%20format/rr232x-linux-src-v1.10-090716-0928.tar.gz
https://web.archive.org/web/20160828235858/http://www.highpoint-tech.com/BIOS_Driver/rr231x_00/Linux/rr231x_0x-linux-src-v2.5-091022-1618.tar.gz
rr231x_0x-linux-src-v2.5-091022-1618
https://www.helpdrivers.com/disks/HighPoint/SATA_3GB-s/Rocket_RAID_2300/
https://mirror.megafon.tj/elrepo/archive/elrepo/el6/SRPMS/repodata/filelists.xml.gz
https://linux-mirrors.fnal.gov/linux/elrepo/archive/elrepo/el6/SRPMS/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CentOS
rocketraid 2340 fedora driver
https://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/jammy/en/man4/hptrr.4freebsd.html
rocketraid 2340 linux
Personally I'm never going to buy another highpoint product again nor recommend one, at least as long as they are not natively supported by the linux kernel. Their support is just plain awful. Don't expect them to provide any support year or so after introducing the product.
So, let me help my fellow sufferers a bit by providing a patch file to get latest rr2340 driver to Ubuntu 12.04 (kernel 3.2). This was made possible by Nagilum's rr2320 patch file I found from http://cakebox.homeunix.net/wordpress/?p=227
Instructions:
Get the latest sources from http://www.highpoint-tech.cn/BIOS_Driver/rr2340/Linux/rr2340-linux-src-v1.7-090925-0900.tar.gz (http://ubuntuforums.org/wget%20http://www.highpoint-tech.cn/BIOS_Driver/rr2340/Linux/rr2340-linux-src-v1.7-090925-0900.tar.%20gz)
Use the attached patch file (get rid of .txt extension):
~/rr2340-linux-src-v1.7# patch -p1 -i rr2340-linux-src-v1.7.patch
And follow the normal annoying installation procedure.
[SOLVED] RocketRaid 2340 up to kernel 3.2
https://ubuntuforums.org/archive/index.php/t-1967800.html
- it was very difficult to find information on this thing. Basically had to work off existing work of others and port the driver which worked on 4.16 to kernel 5 and 6. The obvious frustrating thing is that others haven't done this before and there's no documentation so you have to figure it out. The consensus seems to be that Highpoint are terrible at updating/supporting their hardware? I actually tried the process of trying to port it over but the difference in code from older versions of the Linux kernel source from ~1 decade ago to now are so large that it's it forces you to review everything every few lines. I got so sick of it that I looked around and found some others who did some useful work in this area
https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Ebuild
https://github.com/dsiggi/RocketRAID
pocketraid 2224 linux
https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/HighPoint_RocketRAID
RocketRAID 2224
https://bjorn3d.com/2007/12/highpoint-external-raid/
rocketraid 2224 sas to sata cable
https://www.rackmountmart.com/html/TS4002-a.htm
mr sas 9240-8i linux
https://forums.servethehome.com/index.php?threads/lsi-9240-8i-still-a-great-choice-for-simple-raid-1-in-linux.26518/
Ubuntu 14.10 LSI 9240-8i driver installation
https://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2258721
highpoint rocketraid 2340 linux
https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/HighPoint_RocketRAID/en
https://www.newegg.com/highpoint-rocketraid-2340-sata-i-or-sata-ii/p/N82E16816115031
highpoint rocketraid 2340 linux
https://askubuntu.com/questions/102684/is-the-rocket-raid-2340-supported
https://askubuntu.com/questions/304504/having-trouble-with-highpoint-raid-drivers-on-ubuntu-12-04-lts?rq=1
rocketraid 2340 kernel 6 support
https://forums.unraid.net/topic/1182-rocketraid-2320/
highpoint rocketraid 2340 linux
https://askubuntu.com/questions/102684/is-the-rocket-raid-2340-supported
https://askubuntu.com/questions/304504/having-trouble-with-highpoint-raid-drivers-on-ubuntu-12-04-lts?rq=1
https://web.archive.org/web/20170206092227/http://highpoint-tech.com/USA_new/legacy.htm
https://web.archive.org/web/20170117100934/http://www.highpoint-tech.com/USA_new/cs-series_rr2300_download.htm
rocketraid git
https://github.com/dsiggi/RocketRAID
https://github.com/siratcliff/RocketRAID
highpoint rocketraid 2340 github
https://forums.gentoo.org/viewtopic-t-1060408-start-0.html
https://github.com/dsiggi/RocketRAID
rocketraid 2340 fedora support
https://ubuntuforums.org/archive/index.php/t-1899544.html
https://askubuntu.com/questions/102684/is-the-rocket-raid-2340-supported
rr232x driver
https://forums.opensuse.org/t/unofficial-driver-for-any-linux-for-the-highpoint-rocketraid-232x-up-to-kernel-4-19-at-least/135593
rr232x-kernel-4-15-patched.tar.bz2  rr232x-kernel-4-17-patched.tar.bz2  rr232x-kernel-4-7-os-patch.tar.bz2  rr232x-kernel-4-7-patch.tar.bz2
- you may need to add the relevant VENID:PCIID into config.c
pciid rocketraid 2340
https://fuchsia.googlesource.com/third_party/github.com/pciutils/pciids/+/d331f4cd7b37e4c10fec9c410ed85fc27801af93/pci.ids
1103  HighPoint Technologies, Inc.
0003  HPT343/345/346/363
0004  HPT366/368/370/370A/372/372N
1103 0001  HPT370A
1103 0003  HPT343 / HPT345 / HPT363 UDMA33
1103 0004  HPT366 UDMA66 (r1) / HPT368 UDMA66 (r2) / HPT370 UDMA100 (r3) / HPT370 UDMA100 RAID (r4)
1103 0005  HPT370 UDMA100
1103 0006  HPT302/302N
0005  HPT372A/372N
0006  HPT302/302N
0007  HPT371/371N
0008  HPT374
0009  HPT372N
1740  RocketRAID 1740
1742  RocketRAID 1742
2300  RocketRAID 230x 4 Port SATA-II Controller
2310  RocketRAID 2310 4 Port SATA-II Controller
2320  RocketRAID 2320 SATA-II Controller
2322  RocketRAID 2322 SATA-II Controller
2340  RocketRAID 2340 16 Port SATA-II Controller
3220  RocketRAID 3220
3320  RocketRAID 3320
https://opensource.apple.com/source/X11server/X11server-48.4/kdrive/xorg-server-1.4.2-apple5/hw/xfree86/scanpci/pci.ids.auto.html
1103:2340
https://web.archive.org/web/20160814225054/http://www.highpoint-tech.com/USA_new/cs-series_rr2300.htm
https://web.archive.org/web/20160826193454/http://www.highpoint-tech.com/USA_new/cs-series_rr2300_download.htm
- as with a lot of auto generated code code it's often terrible to read, examine, modify, etc...
https://www.flynsarmy.com/2012/11/installing-rocketraid-2760a-drivers-on-ubuntu-12-10/
- I obviously managed to modify and get the software driver to work but I'm still testing so will post the updated driver at a time when I think it's safe to say that the driver works properly. The main issues are modifying the Makefile to get it to work, correcting paths for where required sourcecode files and headers are, having the correct kernel source code/headers installed to allow it compile cleanly, modifying the existing source code to add specific support for this card (they seem to use the same chipset on the 2320 and 2340 cards), etc...
- I managed to find a good deal on a pair of HP SmartArray P420 cards. They obviously integrates better with HP hardware but will work on whitebox PCs. The person I bought them off (he was a professional system/network administrator) actually said that they didn't work on whitebox hardware and they had tried them on Dell hardware but they didn't work for him. At first, they didn't seem to work for me either and I couldn't pick up any drives. I had to disconnect all power to it (including battery backup for the card) before it seemed to pickup other drives
hp p420 raid in normal computer
https://serverfault.com/questions/359261/proliant-raid-controller-in-a-pc
https://www.scaleway.com/en/docs/dedibox/hardware/how-to/configure-raid-kvm-p420/
hp p420 raid in whitebox computer
https://forums.servethehome.com/index.php?threads/hp-p420-in-whitebox-server.4548/
https://forums.servethehome.com/index.php?threads/hp-pmc-sa-in-whitebox.4732/
hp p420 raid in normal computer
https://serverfault.com/questions/808208/hp-h240-does-it-do-hw-sata-raid
https://www.reddit.com/r/sysadmin/comments/5lf6mm/hpe_h240_raid_controller_on_nonhpe_hardware/
https://support.hp.com/au-en/document/c05914431
Dell Perc H200 on whitebox computer
https://www.reddit.com/r/homelab/comments/8bnyd1/h200_not_showing_during_boot/
Dell Perc H200 on linux
https://www.scaleway.com/en/docs/dedibox/hardware/how-to/configure-dell-perc-h200/
http://hwraid.le-vert.net/
http://mirror.rackspace.com/hwraid.le-vert.net/
hp p420 not showing any physical drives
https://community.spiceworks.com/topic/2318386-hp-proliant-dl360p-not-recognizing-hard-drives
hp p420 not picking up all drives
https://community.hpe.com/t5/proliant-servers-ml-dl-sl/dl160-gen8-with-p420-doesn-t-find-any-sas-disks/td-p/6071813
https://forums.unraid.net/topic/41446-drives-not-detected-on-hp-p420-controller/
- on whitebox hardware it is and isn't like a normal RAID card. You can't actually boot into the RAID configuration side before hitting BIOS. I actually hit all keys on the keyboard but couldn't find an option in. That said, this doesn't seem be necessary and I figured out you can use the Linux based CLI tools to do the configuration for you. The problem is that they aren't very well documented and they don't seem to be very up to date
hpsa linux p420
https://github.com/torvalds/linux/blob/master/drivers/scsi/hpsa.c
https://forum.proxmox.com/threads/issues-with-hp-p420i-and-smart.79669/
https://cciss.sourceforge.net/
Updating SLES10 to SLES11 with HP cciss to hpsa driver change
https://www.suse.com/support/kb/doc/?id=000018079
confgituation linux p420
https://www.scaleway.com/en/docs/dedibox/hardware/how-to/configure-hp-smart-array-p410/
https://sleeplessbeastie.eu/2017/03/06/how-to-use-hp-command-line-array-configuration-utility/
http://downloads.linux.hpe.com/SDR/downloads/MCP/
setup raid p420 on linux
https://serverfault.com/questions/754725/lvm-and-raid-setup
https://serverfault.com/questions/446072/disk-raid-monitoring-for-hp-proliant-servers-and-ubuntu-12-04
https://serverfault.com/questions/601948/raid-configuration-file-system-what-to-raid-1-and-what-to-raid-0
https://superuser.com/questions/1702026/p420-hewlett-packard-raid-controller-reporting-identical-physicaldrive-in-all-hd
https://www.jimmdenton.com/hp-raid-tools-ubuntu/
hp p420 can't load bios boot
https://forums.tomshardware.com/threads/hp-p420-and-gigabyte-z87x-dh3-no-boot-option.2504370/
https://community.hpe.com/t5/proliant-servers-ml-dl-sl/cannot-access-smart-array-controller-during-boot-up/td-p/7068405
https://community.hpe.com/t5/proliant-servers-ml-dl-sl/p420i-controller-issue/td-p/7086353
https://serverfault.com/questions/419858/cant-enter-hp-smartarray-p410-raid-orca-set-up-on-hp-proliant-dl320g6
https://community.spiceworks.com/topic/2011144-smart-array-p400-hardware-will-not-start-on-windows-10
https://superuser.com/questions/1121770/microserver-p420-raid-controller
https://blog.delevingne.me/articles/boot-hack-for-hp-servers-with-disabled-integrated-raid/
https://hardforum.com/threads/hp-smart-array-p410-supermicro-x9scm-f-boot-in-a-loop.1639411/
linux p420 configuration
https://www.jimmdenton.com/hp-raid-tools-ubuntu/
https://wiki.phoenixlzx.com/page/ssacli/
https://sleeplessbeastie.eu/2017/03/06/how-to-use-hp-command-line-array-configuration-utility/
- download the relevant tools here. The main issue is that you can't use normal configuration/package management tools to handle things if you're working on newish Linux installation. Thankfully, the packages are relatively leniently packaged so you don't have to modify them to get them to install properly
http://downloads.linux.hpe.com/SDR/downloads/
http://downloads.linux.hpe.com/SDR/downloads/MCP/
http://downloads.linux.hpe.com/SDR/downloads/MCP/RedHat.ReadMe
https://downloads.linux.hpe.com/SDR/repo/spp-gen8/
https://downloads.linux.hpe.com/SDR/repo/spp-gen8/RHEL/
- I had some spare drives lying around due to someone giving them away so plugged them in to see what would happen. The configuration utlities are really primitive and so is the documentation. My guess is that HP didn't anticipate people would be doing CLI based configuration on whiteboxes and would just use the BIOS GUI based configuration method that you can access on normal HP servers
setup raid p420 on linux
https://www.jimmdenton.com/hp-raid-tools-ubuntu/
hp p420 linux
https://forums.unraid.net/topic/82007-solved-unraid-with-hp-p420i-raid-card-in-hp-proliant-dl380p-g8/
https://downloads.linux.hpe.com/SDR/repo/mcp/centos/8.4/x86_64/12.20/
controller all show detail
controller slot=2 pd show detail
controller slot=2 create type=ld drives=1I:1:1,1I:1:2 raid=1 //get drives from previous step. Note, if drive configs are mismatched then you'll get an error and it won't allow you to proceed
- at this point you'll be able to see the drives in Linux as /dev/sdc, /dev/sdd, etc...
controller slot=2 modify hbamode=on //if you want to use it as just simple hard drive in non-RAID way
controller slot=2 diag file=diag.txt //if you need logfiles
controller all show status
controller all show config
https://www.jimmdenton.com/hp-raid-tools-ubuntu/
https://wiki.phoenixlzx.com/page/ssacli/
- I normally use gparted or cfdisk to do partioning. fdisk is OK but you have to remember too much stuff for my liking and I prefer to reserve my brain cells for more iomportant stuff. This is when some funny business started though. I had a bizarre issue where it would only allow storage files of a maximum of 2GB after I thought I'd properly partitioned and formatted the RAID arrays under Linux. Obviously, this isn't normal in the era of multi-terabyte drives. I found out that if I formatted the array as ExtFS under Windows then it would act normally and allow me to create file sizes larger then then 2GB. The other frustrating thing about Linux filesystem repair is of FAT32/NTFS/EXTFS that it doesn't seem to be able to keep up with Microsoft utilities (I could have used an FOSS based filesystem but it's easier to stick with a Microsoft based one for cross compatibility reasons). You alway most always have to have a Windows WinPE based repair disc or else have Windows installed on another partition to allow you to repair the drives should it have problems to allow the filesystem to be accessible again in Linux
2GB max file limitation
https://www.xda-developers.com/whatsapp-file-limit-increase-2gb/
http://linuxmafia.com/faq/VALinux-kb/2gb-filesize-limit.html
- not soon after I had a failed drive array. I usaed ssacli to check what was going on and it was telling me to retry building the array to get it to work. I tried but it couldn't. One drive failure caused both 2xRAID1 arrays to disappear (along the same breakout cable). I stuck supposedly defective drive in a dock and confirmed it was drive failure as it wouldn't even boot/spin up anymore. Replacing the drive brought both 2xRAID1 arrays back up automatically and no further configuration was required to make it work. Just a tip, a lot professionals recommended using the same drives with exact same specification to help maintain performance and reduce compatibility issues. I use use different drives to help identify which is which and because that's all that I often have to work with
controller all show config
controller slot=2 pd all show
controller slot=2 create type=ld drives=1I:0:7,1I:0:8 raid=1

- if you read my blog regularly you'll realise I like repairing, designing, reverse engineering, and building stuff. You may be interested in some of my other hobbies, work, blog posts, etc...
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https://www.dw.com/en/north-korea-satellite-had-no-military-utility-seoul-says/a-66119306
- latest in animal and environmental news
https://www.news.com.au/travel/travel-updates/incidents/new-zealand-couple-demand-refunds-for-flight-with-a-farting-dog/news-story/ab588590b3d0fa68a8d2b12ec7735ea4
https://www.washingtonpost.com/science/2023/08/20/cautious-orangutan-curiosity/
https://www.mirror.co.uk/news/us-news/tragic-end-trilby-wearing-chimp-30694073?int_source=nba
https://www.msn.com/en-in/news/other/chimp-washes-mans-hand-after-he-feeds-it-water-anand-mahindra-shares-video/ar-AA1fyk01
https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/jul/11/seafood-industry-joins-chorus-of-groups-calling-for-a-halt-to-deep-sea-mining-plans
https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/jul/11/the-orca-uprising-whales-are-ramming-boats-but-are-they-inspired-by-revenge-grief-or-memory
https://www.bangordailynews.com/2023/07/10/news/central-maine/auburn-moose-pleasant-street-park-video/
https://www.indiewire.com/features/best-of/any-which-way-you-can-clint-eastwood-bizarre-monkey-sequel-1234878696/
https://www.news.com.au/breaking-news/california-surfers-terrorized-by-boardstealing-sea-otter/news-story/14468b124a2707d1b001742cfaf66921
- latest in music and entertainment
https://www.theguardian.com/food/2023/jul/10/tomato-and-bay-leaf-sauce-recipe-rachel-roddy
https://www.abc.net.au/everyday/how-to-choose-season-use-and-maintain-a-wok/102645368
https://www.news.com.au/technology/innovation/military/two-pieces-of-toilet-paper-and-a-can-of-cheese-inside-an-aussie-soldiers-ration-pack/news-story/b447c03c7935640efb026949295bec85
https://www.broadsheet.com.au/national/food-and-drink/article/recipe-tommy-phams-quick-and-easy-french-influenced-vietnamese-chicken-ragout
https://www.bbc.com/travel/article/20230901-maya-fellers-rastafarian-ital-stew
https://www.theguardian.com/food/2023/aug/17/new-plant-based-pork-ribs-to-feature-edible-vegan-bones
https://www.travelweekly.com.au/article/eurowings-passenger-purchases-280-of-peanuts-after-crew-allegedly-ignored-her-allergy/
https://www.news.com.au/lifestyle/relationships/dating/us-expat-reveals-astonishment-at-aussie-dating-difference/news-story/af460f4857016e37959e52aff3cb3e56
https://www.news.com.au/sport/motorsport/formula-one/brutal-daniel-ricciardo-reality-set-to-haunt-alphatauri-f1-return/news-story/571fc71d6f8c6ec6082ace77dfb36012
https://www.news.com.au/entertainment/celebrity-style/red-carpet/margot-robbie-dua-lipa-and-more-frock-up-for-barbie-premiere/news-story/3a9897d9d74a472dee33812a9e85d703
https://www.drive.com.au/news/fake-speed-camera-to-be-removed-usa/
https://www.news.com.au/lifestyle/real-life/news-life/melbourne-parent-complains-billboard-is-offensive-and-reminds-them-of-lockdown/news-story/b4bb08ef3fec5bd6092bfd8e8efe30bb
https://www.news.com.au/sport/american-sports/nba/overrated-no-1-nba-draft-pick-victor-wembanyamas-first-look-savaged/news-story/d4987ef562d59edc69f497f3a3059732
https://www.news.com.au/lifestyle/fashion/fashion-shows/worrying-detail-in-duct-tape-bikini-show-at-miami-swim-week-2023/news-story/84ff9e40f789195b2f00e8db9be21378

Random Quotes:
- The remote communities of the Territory are fiercely independent, and proud of their cultures and connection to the land, which they have fought to hang onto despite decades of brutal colonial intervention.
More than 100 Aboriginal languages and dialects are spoken across the region, and traditionally, family is the nucleus around which everything spins.
For Leanne, the failures of the justice system can be traced back to these ties being ignored and disrupted by people wielding power from Darwin and Canberra. She wants to change that.
That's why, since she was commissioned by the NT Government to lead negotiations on the justice agreement, she's travelled thousands of kilometres for consultations.
She says by giving Aboriginal people a voice in the drafting of the document and returning some power to Aboriginal communities over how the justice system operates, this agreement can succeed where other plans have failed.
Throughout her travels two messages stand out — time is running out to bring changes to the Territory's justice system, which imprisons Aboriginal people at 15 times the rate of non-Indigenous people; and there must be acknowledgement of the failures in a system that ignores the needs of the people it most affects.
https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-12-15/mapping-justice-in-the-northern-territory/12918946?nw=0
- James Ruse Agricultural High School has claimed the title of NSW's top school for the 25th year in a row, an unparalleled achievement in the history of the Higher School Certificate.
Baulkham Hills High School was second, with North Sydney Boys' and Girls' high schools third and fourth. Sydney Grammar, at fifth, was the only independent school in the state's top 10.
The top non-selective school was Ascham, at 11th. Mackellar Girls High, part of the Northern Beaches Secondary College (NBSC) network, was the highest-placed public comprehensive school at 43rd. Parramatta Marist High was the top Catholic systemic school at 46th.
https://www.smh.com.au/national/nsw/james-ruse-tops-hsc-for-historic-25th-consecutive-year-as-public-schools-dominate-top-10-20201218-p56olu.html
- CHICAGO - An attorney for a U.S. Army special forces sergeant arrested in what authorities called an apparently random shooting at an Illinois bowling alley that left three people dead told an initial hearing Monday that her client may suffer from post-traumatic stress disorder.
Duke Webb, 37, faces three counts of murder and three counts of first-degree attempted murder for injuring three others in the shooting at Don Carter Lanes, in Rockford, on Saturday evening.
According to Army service information, Webb had four deployments to Afghanistan, the most recent once ending in July.
His lawyer, Elizabeth Bucko, also told the hearing in a Winnebago County courtroom that Webb appeared to have issues with memory loss. She added that he will undergo mental health evaluations, the Rockford Register Star reported.
https://www.cp24.com/world/lawyer-soldier-charged-in-rockford-shooting-may-have-ptsd-1.5246620
While Kuwait holds broadly free parliamentary elections, power effectively remains in the hands of the ruling al-Sabah family and the emir, who appoints the government.
https://www.sheppnews.com.au/world/2021/01/13/2596490/kuwait-ministers-resign-amid-tensions
- "Tech giants have created platforms that produce both mega-profits and serious societal problems. If they accept the profits, they must also accept the oversight."
https://itwire.com/technology-regulation/reset-takes-aim-at-%E2%80%98big-tech%E2%80%99-and-proposed-voluntary-disinformation-code.html
- How denim pollutes air, water and workers' lungs
Denim doesn't just use a lot of water, it's a damaging pollutant too. 
Levi's estimates that a pair of their jeans emits 33.4 kg (73 pounds) of CO2 into the atmosphere, the equivalent of driving more than 1,000 kilometers (620 miles) in a car. That's largely because denim is produced in countries like China and India where coal is the main source for electricity.
Denim's trademark blue color is mostly achieved by using a synthetic indigo dye that's linked with toxic chemicals such as cyanide, known for its use as a poison. To avoid paying for wastewater treatment, companies dump these chemicals into rivers. A study from 2019found textile dyes from factories in Bangladesh in crops grown nearby.
Working in a denim factory can also be fatal. Take sandblasting for example. This method uses high pressure hoses to spray sand against denim to create a worn look that has become popular with consumers. For workers who inhale the small particles of sand, the process can cause a deadly lung disease called silicosis.
At just 15, Bego Demir worked in a denim sandblasting factory in Turkey where he knew over 120 people who died from silicosis.
"After 8 years of working in sandblasting, half of my lungs don't work anymore," he told DW.
Demir, who coordinates Clean Clothes Campaign (CCC) in Turkey helping to outlaw sandblasting there in 2009, now wants to expose the process that replaced it — the use of potassium permanganate.
In a 2019 report for the CCC, Demir found that Turkish workers in denim factories using potassium permanganate had early onset asthma and skin irritation. He says potassium permanganate is still being used in denim production around the world.
"Brands are waiting for workers to lose their life before they act. In the sandblasting factories they reacted the same way. Only after a lot of workers lost their life, did the brands act," Demir said.
https://www.dw.com/en/denim-clothing-sustainability-recycle-pollution/a-56951179
- Food delivery jobs that pay as little as $10.42 an hour risk undermining the broader transport industry and put Australia in a state of "national emergency", a union has warned.
The Transport Workers' Union has waged a campaign for regulation of the gig economy in NSW and was invited on Monday to give evidence to a federal select committee into job security.
National secretary Michael Kaine warned in his opening statement the conditions under which many food delivery riders work could be replicated in the broader transport sector if legislators didn't intervene.
"This model now threatens to pervade the entirety of the freight market and has moved quickly into nearly every single area of the economy," Mr Kaine said.
"We are beyond disaster and disgrace. This is a national emergency."
In evidence to a NSW parliamentary inquiry into the gig economy, the TWU has presented a survey that showed the average hourly wage for workers delivering food by scooter was just $10.42 per hour.
That's less than half of the national minimum wage for casual workers at $24.80 per hour.
The rate was calculated by subtracting the costs of vehicles and equipment from an average gross hourly rate of $16.32.
https://www.news.com.au/finance/work/at-work/food-delivery-drivers-paid-just-1042-an-hour-union-claims/news-story/a5407f892165540b1b09fc44abc6a021

Market Consolidation/Neo-Feudalism, Random Stuff, and More

- it never occured to me until recently how consolidated things in the world were in the global market place. In this post we'll take a ...