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Sunday, March 31, 2024

Sony Playstation Gaming Emulators, Game Console Emulators, and More

- I'm not really a gamer but occasionally there is a title I'm interested in. The trouble with this is that keeping your PC in the proper shape for gaming can be a chore (hardware specifications, operating system version, libraries, etc...). Moreover, product activation is a pain especially when you have legitimately purchased the game but the activation process isn't working properly. That's where emulators come in. They give you the stability and ease of use of Console platforms but the flexibility of PC systems. I only realised that Sony Playstation had decent emulators recently after doing research for other projects (use of gaming consoles in clustering and high performance computing):
playstation clustering
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PlayStation_3_cluster
https://phys.org/news/2010-12-air-playstation-3s-supercomputer.html
https://www.theverge.com/2019/12/3/20984028/playstation-supercomputer-ps3-umass-dartmouth-astrophysics-25th-anniversary
https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/analysis/the-playstation-supercomputer/
https://www.reddit.com/r/PS4/comments/hjyi0j/anyone_remember_this_ps4_cluster_scene_from_the/
https://www.govtech.com/products/playstation-3-providing-supercomputing-to-universities.html
https://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2023/05/future-of-artificial.html
https://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2021/02/living-without-google-random-stuff-and.html
https://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2020/01/data-science-pattern-matching-hpc.html
- first step is downloading and installing a suitable emulator. I'm interested in Playstation because games are cheap on the secondary market, there are lots of games for this platform, many games on this platform are of decent quality, etc...
most popular gaming console
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_best-selling_game_consoles
ps2 emulator
https://pcsx2.net/
https://pcsx2.net/downloads/
https://pcsx2.net/compat/
https://pcsx2.net/docs/
https://wiki.pcsx2.net/Main_Page
https://wiki.pcsx2.net/Complete_List_of_Demos_and_Tool_Discs
https://fantasyanime.com/emuhelp/pcsx2#loading-a-real-ps2-game-you-own
ps3 emulator
https://rpcs3.net/
https://rpcs3.net/quickstart
https://rpcs3.net/download
https://rpcs3.net/compatibility
https://www.makeuseof.com/best-ps3-emulators-for-pc/
ps4 pc emulator
https://emulation.gametechwiki.com/index.php/PlayStation_4_emulators
https://rpcsx.com/
https://pcsx4.com/
game emulator linux distro
playstation 4 emulator
xbox 360 emulator
https://xenia.jp/
https://github.com/xenia-project/xenia/wiki/Quickstart
xbox one emulator
https://xemu.app/
https://xemu.app/docs/faq/
https://xemu.app/docs/download/
https://emulation.gametechwiki.com/index.php/Xbox_One_emulators
https://emulation.gametechwiki.com/index.php/Emulators_on_Xbox_One
nintendo wii emulator
https://dolphin-emu.org/
https://cemu.info/
https://www.emulatorgames.net/emulators/nintendo-wii/
jaycar nes emulator
https://www.jaycar.com.au/set-up-a-retro-gaming-system
- then install firmware/BIOS into the emulator. It's strange seeing the BIOS/firmware of so many systems dumped out there on the Internet? That said, they're often available on the websites of the console manufacturers themselves?
https://rpcs3.net/quickstart
https://www.playstation.com/en-us/support/hardware/ps3/system-software/
https://support.xbox.com/en-AU/help/hardware-network/console/offline-system-update
nintendo switch firmware download
https://www.reddit.com/r/SwitchPirates/comments/r7xuec/where_to_download_switch_firmware/
https://darthsternie.net/switch-firmwares/
ps2 bios dump pcsx2
https://pcsx2.net/docs/setup/gather
https://www.reddit.com/r/Roms/comments/ccegdk/can_anyone_give_me_the_bios_for_pcsx2/
https://www.reddit.com/r/Roms/comments/t5aibr/where_can_i_find_the_ps2_bios_for_pcsx2/
ps4 firmware
https://archive.org/search?query=playstation+bios
https://archive.org/search?query=nintendo+bios
https://archive.org/search?query=xbox+bios
https://archive.org/search?query=sega+bios
- you can download games or else purchase games. Ironically, purchasing the game (from online and offline marketplaces, pawn shops, op shops, using games from your existing collection, purchasing from specialist gaming stores or retailers, etc...) is probably less costly (from $0.50 to ~$20 per game when used/second hand. It sounds cheap but you need to realise that we're dealing with platforms that are really, really old) and less likely to get you into trouble as well then going down the piracy route. One thing I didn't realise is how prevalent pirated games are. I was looking for information on how to dump discs from my own collection not pre-dumped discs but found heaps online. Even if it looks legitimate there's a chance it may be pirated/copied? Note, how more piracy occurs in poorer countries then wealthier ones? What's also interesting is perspectives on piracy. In a lot of people and organisations I've come across they say they'll pirate until they can afford to pay basically no matter their background or industry. What's interesting is that it's rare for there to be "pure/ideological pirates" who don't believe the original maker doesn't deserve anything for their effort (or else this is a reflection of the type of people I hang around with?)?
https://www.playstation.com/en-au/
https://www.playstation.com/en-au/playstation-network/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PlayStation
rpcs3 demo disc dump
http://wiki.redump.org/index.php?title=PlayStation_3_Dumping_Guide
http://wiki.redump.org/index.php?title=Redump.org
ps2 game dumps
https://www.reddit.com/r/opendirectories/comments/6haqbq/every_ps2_game_iso_ever/
https://archive.org/details/playstation-2-game-dumps
https://archive.org/search?query=ps3+dump
https://archive.org/search?query=ps2+dump
ps2 disc dump pcsx2
https://www.reddit.com/r/PCSX2/comments/qf2oty/beginner_needs_help_with_ripping_ps2_roms/
https://www.reddit.com/r/RetroArch/comments/gmcfop/ps2_cdrom_games_can_be_dumped/
console games retailers melbourne
https://www.ebgames.com.au/
https://thegameexperts.com.au/
https://maxxgaming.com.au/
https://superretro.com.au/
https://www.trippytrades.com.au/
https://www.ebay.com.au/sch/i.html?_from=R40&_trksid=p4432023.m570.l1313&_nkw=ps2+games&_sacat=0
https://www.ebay.com.au/sch/i.html?_from=R40&_trksid=p4432023.m570.l1313&_nkw=ps3+games&_sacat=0
https://www.ebay.com.au/sch/i.html?_from=R40&_trksid=p4432023.m570.l1313&_nkw=ps4+games&_sacat=0
https://www.ebay.com.au/sch/i.html?_from=R40&_trksid=p4432023.m570.l1313&_nkw=ps5+games&_sacat=0
https://www.ebay.com.au/sch/i.html?_from=R40&_trksid=p4432023.m570.l1313&_nkw=wii+games&_sacat=0
piracy video games statistics
Below are some facts-
38% people across the globe acquired or accessed digital content illegally in 2017.
52% of online users watch pirated videos.
59% people are aware that downloading or streaming pirated videos is illegal.
67% of digital piracy sites are hosted in North America and Western Europe
Nearly 24% of the global Internet bandwidth is used for online piracy.
98.8% of data transferred using P2P networks is copyrighted
28 million users download and share files through P2P networks every day.
91.5% of filed available for download on Cyberlockers sites (Rapidshare, Megaupload,etc) are copyrighted
Only 1 out of 10,000 pcs of the most popular content on the OpenBitTorrent tracker is non-copyrighted
Worldwide Visits to Piracy Sites in 2020:
- 130.5 billion visits to piracy websites in 2020
- 357 million visits per day
- 248,287 visits per minute
Breakdown of Visits to Piracy Sites:
Streaming sites: 57%
Direct download portals: 27%
Torrent sites: 12%
Stream rippers: 4%
$9.8 billion in revenue losses in 2018 due to piracy in the music industry.
$29.2 billion revenue losses in the US every year due to online video piracy.
$51.6 billion in economic losses due to online TV & movie piracy by 2022.
$300 million in lost publisher income each year due to e-book piracy.
230,000 to 560,000 jobs lost in the United States every year due to online video piracy.
37% of software running in the world are unlicensed.
$46.3 billion of software running in the world are unlicensed.
2 out of every 5 copies of software running in the world are unpaid.
20% of pirated software are running in North America.
Illegal streaming constitutes 80% of online video piracy.
24% of users download music from illegal sources.
26% of online users download a film or a TV series from illegal sources.
13% of users download an e-book or an audiobook from illegal sources.
21% of users download games from illegal sources.
https://www.go-globe.com/online-piracy-in-numbers-facts-and-statistics-infographic/
Unfortunately, the popularity of gaming also attracts bad actors looking to take advantage of the amount of money and users within the industry. Gaming piracy is on the rise. About 25% of all gamers pirated more than 50 games through the years.
https://www.redpoints.com/blog/gaming-piracy/
https://www.pcgamer.com/study-finds-over-87-percent-of-games-are-unplayable-without-resorting-to-piracy-scavenger-hunts-or-travelling-to-an-archive/
https://gamehistory.org/study-explainer/
https://www.pcgamer.com/pc-piracy-survey-results-35-percent-of-pc-gamers-pirate/
- an interesting argument is that emulation encourages piracy. The obvious irony is that a lot of games companies use it themselves, the practice itself seems to be legal when you own the actual game (the license conditions on older games make absolutely no mention of this), well known retailers sell emulation devices nowadays, etc... The games manufacturers seem to be trying to force exclusivity of their platform in order to make money via licensing fees for games (the only problem with this policy is that they make more profit if they don't have to sell the platform)? Business model for console games similar to printers, cars, mowers, and vacuums? Namely, the platform doesn't really make money/profits as does consumables, other royalties, rents, etc... for the platform?
https://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2023/10/vacuum-filter-troublesplanned.html
https://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2024/02/repairing-and-maintaining-victa-2.html
game console emulator
https://www.amazon.com.au/s?k=emulator+console&ref=mr_referred_us_au_au
https://www.reddit.com/r/consoles/comments/150mhlj/best_emulator_console/
https://www.ebay.com.au/sch/i.html?_from=R40&_trksid=p4432023.m570.l1313&_nkw=game+console+emulators&_sacat=0
https://openemu.org/
https://www.digitaltrends.com/gaming/best-emulators/
https://www.etsy.com/au/market/emulator_console
https://www.creativebloq.com/buying-guides/best-retro-gaming-consoles
Emulation and piracy
Historically, video game companies have blamed video game emulators for piracy, despite the fact that anyone can create their own legal ROM image from the original media.[13] Concerning this demonization of emulators, video game historian Frank Cifaldi attributed it to the Connectix Virtual Game Station. Released in 1999, this commercial emulator enabled the play of Sony PlayStation games on Macintosh computers. However, it was easily cracked by hackers to play pirated ISO images of PlayStation games, leading to a lawsuit from Sony. Companies continued to fear that emulators would encourage piracy.[14] This has created a long-running debate over emulation, since many out-of-print video games can only be played via ROM, making emulators the only replacement for defunct video game consoles. Additionally, modern remasters and remakes can significantly alter a game, sometimes in a manner that changes the entire gameplay experience.[14] For example, Crash Bandicoot N-Sane Trilogy had a rewritten physics engine, requiring players to make more precise jumps.[15] Such gameplay changes give importance to emulators, which may be able to run the original game.
Some companies still consider emulators copyright-infringing. In 2017, Atlus attempted to take down the Patreon page of a PlayStation 3 emulator, RPCS3, arguing that the ability to play Persona 5 on it made it illegal software. However, Patreon disagreed with the company's stance, and allowed the page to remain, as long as references to Persona 5 were removed.[16] Furthermore, Nintendo has taken decisive action against the emulation of its games in recent years. In 2018, the company sued a handful of large ROM sites, forcing them to remove ROMs of their older console games, for what they called "brazen and mass-scale infringement of Nintendo's intellectual property rites".[17] The distribution of copied ROM files online is illegal, but this move by Nintendo was interpreted by the emulation scene as an attack on the emulation of older games.[18] In November 2020, Nintendo issued a cease and desist order to The Big House, an annual Super Smash Bros tournament. The Big House ran SSB games on the Dolphin emulator, and it was the addition of the mod Slippi, which enabled online play, that caught Nintendo's attention.[19]
Despite longstanding criticism of emulators in the game industry, companies themselves have used emulation to run commercial games. Nintendo operated the Virtual Console, which allowed people to buy and play certain games via emulation.[14] In 2017, the PlayStation 4 was found to contain a functioning internal PSP emulator. Hackers discovered that PaRappa the Rapper Remastered was actually the 2007 PSP version, running with upscaled textures. This emulator was later reverse-engineered and used to play other PSP games.[20] Additionally, Microsoft's Xbox One console uses a proprietary emulator in order to play games released for the original Xbox, and the Xbox 360.[21]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_game_piracy
how do game console companies make money
Video game consoles are usually sold on a 5–7 year cycle called a generation, with consoles made with similar technical capabilities or made around the same time period grouped into one generation. The industry has developed a razor and blades model: manufacturers often sell consoles at low prices, sometimes at a loss, while primarily making a profit from the licensing fees for each game sold. Planned obsolescence then draws consumers into buying the next console generation. While numerous manufacturers have come and gone in the history of the console market, there have always been two or three dominant leaders in the market, with the current market led by Sony (with their PlayStation brand), Microsoft (with their Xbox brand), and Nintendo (currently producing the Switch console). Previous console developers include Sega, Atari, Coleco, Mattel, NEC, SNK, Fujitsu, and 3D0.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_game_console
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_video_game_consoles
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Home_video_game_console_generations
- if you decide to purchase or acquire original discs you'll need a way to dump and decrypt the games. Note, you can only dump from a PC if you have a compatible drive or have a console which will enable this. You'll need to be online to grab the encryption keys. Newer formats are encrypted which means you'll need a decrypter of some sort while older formats can be dumped using any old disk drive imaging software such as Nero, ImgBurn, CDBurnerXP, Brasero, etc...
https://www.redfox.bz/en/
https://www.videolan.org/developers/libdvdcss.html
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AnyDVD
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libdvdcss
https://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2019/12/financial-data-acquisition-blu-ray-vlc.html
https://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2024/03/repairing-troy-bilt-tb525ec-whipper.html
rpcs3 dump ps3 game using pc
https://wiki.rpcs3.net/index.php?title=Help:Dumping_PlayStation_3_games
https://rpcs3.net/quickstart#compatible_drives
https://flexby420.github.io/playstation_3_ird_database/
http://redump.org/
https://notabug.org/necklace/libray
- add the game image/dump to your emulator and then try playing it
- you may need to fiddle around with keyboard, mouse, and gamepad configuration details as the defaults aren't natural? You're better off getting off control interfaces that replicate the original console as best as possible to make it "feel right"
- another issue may be performance. There seem to be lots of hacks around but they have varying degrees of success. If you've watched the gaming scence for a while you'll realise that most gaming consoles are souped up computers. Morevoer, they're often ahead of the curve to allow them to remain competitive for several years, and often subsidised (like phones) and even sold at a loss to provide a platform for game makers to distribute their work on. That means the underlying hardware is often pretty decent. This also means that to get comparable levels of performance to the console you often need to get a similar hardware spec on your PC on which you're running your emulator
rpcs3 software optimisation
https://www.reddit.com/r/rpcs3/comments/kdy4w7/suggestions_for_optimizing_rpcs3_for_performance/
https://www.reddit.com/r/SteamDeck/comments/tjfz7o/rpcs3_what_settings_seem_to_work_best_how_have/
https://rpcs3.net/blog/2020/08/21/hardware-performance-scaling/
skylake cpu socket
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skylake_(microarchitecture)
ps2 emulator hardware requirements
https://pcsx2.net/docs/usage/setup/requirements/
https://www.reddit.com/r/RetroPie/comments/fu1fmh/minimum_pc_setup_for_ps2_emulation/
Hardware requirements
Hardware requirements are largely game-dependent. Due to the demanding nature of emulation, PCSX2 is much more likely to perform well with modern mid-range to high-end hardware, with lower-end systems likely to experience less than full performance. The performance bottleneck in most cases is the CPU rather than the GPU. This is especially the case in software mode, in which only the CPU is used for emulation. In hardware mode, the GPU emulates the graphics, but can still be a bottleneck if the internal resolution is set too high. Some games may also run slower due to unoptimized graphics code or weak video cards. As computer hardware has continued to advance with time, the likelihood of performance issues with PCSX2 has experienced a corresponding decrease.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCSX2
https://pcsx2.net/docs/setup/requirements/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vulkan
Requirements
As of September 15, 2023, the emulator requires a 64-bit version of Windows 10 or later, a modern Linux distribution, macOS 12.0 or later, or a modern BSD distribution. The PC must have at least 4 GB of RAM, 8 GB recommended, an x86-64 CPU and a GPU supporting one of the supported graphics APIs: OpenGL 4.3 or greater, or Vulkan, the latter being recommended. Apart from the game itself to be run, the emulator requires the PlayStation 3's firmware, which can be downloaded from Sony's official website.[12]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RPCS3
https://rpcs3.net/quickstart
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_video_game_console_emulators
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dolphin_(emulator)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cemu
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citra_(emulator)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_computer_system_emulators
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_game_console_emulator
- PS4 emulation isn't going anywhere fast at the moment. A lot of them won't even compile if you try to pull code from Github. You have to hack just to get progress on compilation. The obvious problem with non-trivial software is that you have to understand the code/what you're dealing with to be able to make inroads a lot of the time. If you're reverse engineering something that you've never really looked at this isn't easy.
- your graphics drivers are very important for perfomance. The problem is that sometimes it takes multiple goes for it to be registered by RPCS3 as can be seen by accounts of other people online. It also took me multiple goes at reinstalling NVIDIA drivers to get it working
remove nvidia binary driver fedora
rpcs3 only device llvmpipe
- once installed, I kept on getting this error until I changed the framelimit setting to native PS3. There's limited documentation unfortunately regarding a lot of stuff and I only guesstimated that this would make a difference. Basically, if you have trouble try to recreate the environment of the console as best as possible
rcps3 double free or corruption (out)
This Setting Fixes Broken Graphics in RPCS3
- I've obviously dealt with emulators (and similar technologies such as virtual machines, containers, etc...) before. It helps with learning and not having to maintain a separate Virtual or Physical Machine is a big bonus. Just like others in the gaming industry have said (I think it was Nintendo?), it's about enjoyment of gameplay not necessarily just pure graphics, smooth performance, etc... when it comes to games. It's remarkable how little has changed in some ways
https://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2023/09/conversion-from-physical-to-virtual_10.html
https://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2012/10/more-security-oscilloscope-and-wireless_6750.html
https://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2011/12/vmware-vcp-research-notes.html
https://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2011/12/virtualisation-options.html
https://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2010/10/macosx-g4-on-pc-via-pearpc.html
https://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2019/07/offline-cloud-aws-gcp-azure-etc.html
https://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2011/12/wining-on-linux.html
https://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2018/04/dealing-with-legacy-applications-random.html
https://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2015/09/more-jsf-thoughts-theme-hospital-george.html
https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=super+mario+show+song
The Super Mario Bros Super Show Title Theme
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vkQTgjGboWQ
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_video_games

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- as usual thanks to all of the individuals and groups who purchase and use my goods and services
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https://www.news.com.au/lifestyle/relationships/sex/nurse-reveals-why-she-is-going-back-to-porn-after-quitting-in-2008/news-story/e9d8d8fd0cc1f2f9cdc715ccb62267ed
https://www.news.com.au/finance/business/retail/leaked-coles-memo-prepares-staff-for-possibility-of-card-only-transactions-this-easter/news-story/881b84d0fa6263677cc57e1d45313cb7
https://www.news.com.au/national/crime/celebrity-chef-captures-haunting-scenes-on-camera/news-story/5ba6918298ec19b2ff5f9af12919e0a9
https://www.abc.net.au/news/2024-03-25/fernando-alonso-handed-penalty-for-george-russell-crash/103626884
https://www.news.com.au/entertainment/celebrity-life/dramatic-footage-as-federal-police-raid-p-diddys-homes/news-story/a8f32987c346162a9e5f22ddce3c69a3
https://www.news.com.au/technology/motoring/motoring-news/genesis-unveils-new-models-from-magma-sub-brand/news-story/f67bef63c65d86ac6e26eaae36f328ce

Random Quotes:
- Anyone who asks for nuance is met with a resounding dismissal: "Are you against the working people?" No, but what if I'm against the working class being appropriated as useful idiots for the causes of nationalism and a color revolution? What if I don't want to see Belarus torn apart by privatization and in the pits of poverty, as its citizens roam Europe looking for low-paid jobs as labor migrants? Which is what has happened in Ukraine.
But does anyone care about the working class more than they care about the promise of freedoms? About equality more than liberty? Aversion to serious talk from those who support the protests is often indicative of an unwillingness to investigate their bias about the Soviet Union and the underlining idea of class solidarity, a very crucial thing right now. Lukashenko is equated with the Soviet Union and communism. The red-and-white flag is used despite the Nazi association (as it was used during the occupation period) because the current red-and-green one is considered tainted by its Soviet origins.
It has become fashionable to consider yourself a leftist in the post-Soviet space, online especially. Still, the overwhelming majority of those doing it are reluctant to go deeper than just the label and shift from their liberal positions. Dialectics are too much work, reading Marx and Lenin is old-fashioned, and the rhetoric of freedom is more appealing than historical materialism. Unfortunately, that also means that attempts to re-examine Soviet history and culture from a lens free of the Western influence are overwhelmingly met with rejection. But one can't help but notice that the liberal media run by local oligarchs or foreign governments are not held up to the same level of scrutiny, even by those saying they oppose Western imperialism. This, in turn, makes it even harder to support the workers. The online and media fields are very much blurred by the liberal / Western / nationalist bias, and we can't see the workers' perspective through the red and white noise. It becomes essential to remain vigilant and not let the same biased groups co-opt the workers' agency in Belarus.
The violence on the ground in Belarus is real. The autocracy is real. There can be no doubts about that. But the neoliberal and nationalist tendencies seem to be as much of a threat to worker solidarity as the regime's wrongdoings. I am incredibly invested in observing the events unfolding in Belarus because I have seen all of it before, in Russia personally and in Ukraine from a distance. And I hate to see the worst repeat yet again, with the same stalwarts of neoliberalism at the helm, denouncing communism, virtue-signaling to nationalism.
As I watch this, already lonely in the shadow of the right-wingers dominating the debate, I want nothing more in life than for more people in the post-Soviet space to stop being afraid of socialism and start being afraid of capitalism, nationalism, and fascism.
https://www.rt.com/russia/498140-minsk-protests-similar-kiev-moscow/
- "The restrictions are ridiculous and so unnecessary for a virus with such a small death rate. My view is it's a real virus, but the exaggeration is massive," Joss says. "They call it a pandemic but pandemics are supposed to take at least five percent of the population and according to Doctor Dan Erickson it only has a 0.03 death rate – it's a tiny amount and it's not a pandemic."
California-based Dr Erickson's claims were among those removed from YouTube and Facebook and a video of his interview on FoxNews was also taken down due to claims of inaccuracy. While fatality rates are low on a population basis, most physicians advise measuring deaths based on the number of recorded cases. Using that basis, the global death rate is 3.5 percent. It's 14.8 percent in the UK, 3.2 in the US, 1.7 in Russia, 8.5 in Spain.
StandUpX are driven by the need to question what is being reported and why media, both social and traditional, have been given the power to overrule the opinions of medics and scientists.
https://www.rt.com/uk/498075-standupx-anti-mask-covid/
- An anonymous stock market gossip account followed by some of Australia's most prominent finance and business figures is being sued for defamation.
Melbourne mining entrepreneur Tolga Kumova has commenced legal action against the New Zealand-based owner of the Twitter account @stockswami – named in court documents as Tauranga man Alan Francis Davison – over an alleged ongoing smear campaign.
The former stockbroker turned minerals speculator, who has a reported net worth of $95 million, is seeking aggravated damages against Mr Davison over six series of tweets he claims are defamatory.
Over the past year, @stockswami has falsely accused the AFR Young Rich Lister of insider trading, involvement in pump-and-dump schemes, dodgy business dealings and misleading the share market, according to Mr Kumova's statement of claim filed in the Federal Court where the tweets were set out.
"Inside trading alive and thriving on the ASX pirate ship," @stockswami tweeted to his more than 6000 followers on September 20 last year.
"$EUC (European Cobalt), err cough cough, a Tolga Kumova special, goes into trading halt to explain a 33 per cent spike in (share price), and … oh … err … a material acquisition that they forgot to tell the market about."
The filing alleges Mr Davison's tweets were commented on, retweeted or reacted to by a number of his followers, creating a "grapevine effect".
In another tweet on April 24 this year, he wrote that Mr Kumova "certainly knows when to buy and sell a stock he is intimately connected with".
"Did it with $SYR (Syrah Resources), $NCZ (New Century Resources) and now $BGL (Bellevue Gold). Tolga Kumova also needs to update himself with ASIC laws."
In a series of tweets in June he falsely accused Mr Kumova of being part of a pump-and-dump "syndicate".
"Lock up your daughters and your money!" he wrote.
"Remember, a pump group is no different than a drug syndicate. The premise is the same. Find a source. Buy cheap. Network. Sell. Bling bling."
In the statement of claim, Mr Kumova lists prominent journalists who follow the @stockswami account including from The Australian Financial Review, ABC, The Age and The Sydney Morning Herald, although he doesn't single them out for retweeting the posts.
"By reason of the publication by Davison of the matters complained of, Kumova has been brought into hatred, ridicule and contempt and has been gravely injured in his reputation including his professional reputation as a trader and mining executive and has suffered and will continue to suffer loss and damage," the statement of claim says.
Mr Kumova is seeking aggravated damages against Mr Davison due to the "ongoing" nature of the campaign, his "failure to inform Kumova of the imputations he intended to publish before publishing", and his "failure to publish an apology and retraction once informed of the factual errors" by Mr Kumova's lawyers.
Mr Davison has previously discussed on his Twitter account how he became wealthy with an online business driving traffic to adult websites.
"I feel forever blessed and grateful for my luck," he tweeted in May. "It allowed me to raise my children while at home. It also allows me to sit here and disrupt the pump groups and ASX professional operators."
He also claims to have made $NZ1 million trading shares on the ASX.
https://www.news.com.au/finance/markets/australian-markets/melbourne-young-rich-lister-sues-anonymous-stock-market-twitter-account-for-defamation/news-story/bb0feea2b1d4474e506dbca6ba9b1959
- Some nickel-loving species like Alyssum murale, native to Italy, can take up to 30,000 micrograms of nickel per 1g dried leaf. Some, like Phyllantus balgoyii, found in Malaysia, have such a high nickel content that their sap is a remarkable bright blue-green colour. So far, around 450 species of nickel-loving plants have been documented worldwide. Most of these plants grow in countries with less plant diversity and lower nickel deposits than Indonesia, such as Cuba (130 species), southern Europe (45), New Caledonia (65) and Malaysia (24).
Curiously, very few of these plants have been found in Indonesia, which is one of the most biodiverse regions in the world and also has the largest nickel deposit in the world – just where you might expect to find a nickel hyper-accumulator. Tjoa says that this is largely because very few people have spent the time looking.
...
After four years of exploration, Tjoa at last spotted two species of indigenous nickel hyper-accumulators in 2008: Sarcotheca celebica and Knema matanensis. In the lab, she found that both of these native plants could store between 1,000 and 5,000 micrograms of nickel per gram of dried leaf.
It was a start, but Tjoa was still hoping for something more. Compared with nickel-loving plants found elsewhere, these two showed fairly modest powers of hyperaccumulation. "We're looking for plants that could accumulate at least 10,000 micrograms [per gram]," she says. At that threshold, it becomes economically viable to cultivate the plant for mineral extraction – or "phytomining".
https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20200825-indonesia-the-plants-that-mine-poisonous-metals
- For each Baltic state, Soviet rule effectively brought a cultural revolution. National elites were murdered or exiled. Hundreds of thousands were deported, executed, or starved to death. Collectivization destroyed the peasant farms that had been the backbone of Baltic economies and societies. Finally came the suffocation of national identity through mass immigration of Russian-speakers from other parts of the Soviet Union and the purging of books that might portray the era of Baltic independence in favorable terms. Estonia's leading novelist, the late Jaan Kross, remembered watching books from his country's main university library destroyed by an ax-wielding apparatchik.
What particularly aroused Russian ire (and still does) was that after the 1940-1941 Soviet occupation, Estonians and Latvians did not see the prospect of another one as "liberation." Indeed, from 1944 onward, many Baltic citizens fought hard against Soviet forces, even shoulder to shoulder with the Nazis at times. The bad blood still lingers, as seen two years ago when Estonia (or eSStonia, as Russian propagandists still call it) decided to relocate a Soviet war memorial from the center of Tallinn to a military cemetery on the outskirts of town. For Russians, the bronze statue was "Alyosha the Liberator"; for Estonians, it was "The Unknown Rapist." The result was a fierce diplomatic spat, the besieging of the Estonian Embassy in Moscow, and a mammoth cyberattack that briefly disrupted public services.
The bleakness of life inside the Baltic states during the occupation era was matched by overseas apathy, even hostility, toward their fate. Britain handed over to the Kremlin the Baltic gold reserves, which had been entrusted to the Bank of England for safekeeping. Dusty embassies in Washington and elsewhere maintained the vestiges of legal existence, and a dwindling band of elderly Baltic diplomats would gather for occasional meetings at the U.S. State Department, where their flags still hung in the lobby. It was a good way to annoy the Kremlin, but the cause of Baltic independence was all but dead. Those who persisted in raising it were seen as eccentric, out of touch, and irrelevant. Czeslaw Milosz, the Polish émigré poet and Nobel Prize winner, wrote in his seminal work on totalitarianism, The Captive Mind, that he could not stop thinking about the Baltic states, which he described as being "boiled down" in a pot with a "tightly closed lid." But he also said that others regarded his preoccupation as the epitome of futility: It would waste his life and awake the "wrath of Zeus."
After regaining independence in the early 1990s, the Baltic countries could easily have turned out like Moldova: semifailed states on Europe's periphery, corrupt, geopolitically hamstrung, and surviving on remittances. Their foreign trade was entirely tied to the collapsed Soviet economy. They had no independent institutions and no civil servants capable of running a modern state. Their politicians were a mix of wily but untrustworthy Soviet holdovers, unworldly professors (Lithuania's first post-Soviet president, Vytautas Landsbergis, was a musicologist), and inexperienced youngsters (Juri Luik, Estonia's representative to nato, entered high office at 26). All the while, the kgb used its cash, connections, and intimate knowledge of "the lives of others" to preserve and expand its influence—a task made easier by the unsolved question of how to deal with the hundreds of thousands of Soviet-era migrants and their descendants.
That combination of problems meant that few saw the Baltic states as future members of serious Western clubs. They were too flaky for the European Union, too geopolitically sensitive for nato, and too poor for the oecd. And many in the West told them so. As the Cold War wound down, Baltic leaders aspiring to independence received not warm words of encouragement from the West, but rebukes. Why were they so impatient? Why were they impeding Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev's reforms with their hard-line nationalism? A Finnish official even told me once that Estonian independence would be an economic and political disaster that would prove a "catastrophe"—for Finland! Such points went down badly in the Baltics, and not surprisingly. It was akin to telling a prisoner to consider his captors' feelings, rather than trying to escape.
So how did the Baltic countries do it, succeeding so brilliantly and so quickly? Part of it was luck: Russia was weak, and its potential for mischief was initially quite limited. In addition, the Baltic diasporas provided a serendipitous assortment of unlikely leaders. Lithuania's president, Valdas Adamkus, spent most of his life as a civil servant in the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. His Estonian counterpart, Toomas Hendrik Ilves, was raised in the United States and educated at Columbia University. Former Latvian President Vaira Vike-Freiberga spent most of her life in Canada as a psychology professor. Hundreds of lesser-known others in the 1990s helped rebuild everything from the diplomatic service to business.
https://foreignpolicy.com/2009/06/21/the-fall-and-rise-and-fall-again-of-the-baltic-states/
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Sunday, March 24, 2024

TPE SD2000i Inverter Petrol Power Generator Repair, Random Stuff, and More

- I recently got a TPE SD2000i Inverter Petrol Power Generator for a cheap price ~$50 at a local market. Apparently, it was purchased and used once and hadn't been started in a few years. When they tried starting it again recently, it wasn't co-operative. Since the owner was moving interstate he decided to get rid of it. This is a blog post about how I repaired it
TPE SD2000i Inverter Power Generator Repair
Tpe 2kva Inverter Generator $199.60 (Save $399.40 - Clearance) @ Masters
https://www.ozbargain.com.au/node/251073
- once again, notice how similar the designs are between different brands? Technically, the one I got was from a lower tier brand but since it shared a common heritage with other similar looking ones I could use their manuals to learn about my particular model generator. The great tendency of companies to steal, copy, borrow, license, etc... designs means that parts are often interchangeable as well as knowledge regarding them
https://toolkitdepot.com.au/full-boar-2-200w-petrol-inverter-generator-sd2200i/
https://www.bunnings.com.au/full-boar-2200w-inverter-petrol-generator_p0082345
tpe sd2000i
Tpe sd2000i manual pdf
https://ratopowerproducts.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/2KW-Inverter-Manual.pdf
https://www.dualpumps.co.uk/files/pdf/products/User%20Manuals/LONCIN/LON%20LC2000I%20USER%20MANUAL.pdf
toolpro 2200w generator manual
https://www.supercheapauto.com.au/on/demandware.static/-/Library-Sites-supercheap-shared-library/default/dw2aa8642a/productsheets/553024.pdf
https://www.supercheapauto.com.au/p/toolpro-toolpro-inverter-generator-2200w/553027.html
https://www.supercheapauto.com.au/on/demandware.static/-/Library-Sites-supercheap-shared-library/default/dw2aa8642a/productsheets/553027-new.pdf
https://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2024/03/fixing-cheap-hurricane-gen850-and.html
https://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2024/03/repairing-troy-bilt-tb525ec-whipper.html
https://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2024/02/repairing-and-maintaining-victa-2.html
https://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2019/08/servicingfixing-my-briggs-and-stratton.html
https://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2023/10/vacuum-filter-troublesplanned.html
https://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2023/07/international-manufacturing-youtube.html
https://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2023/06/youtube-car-repair-channels-random.html
https://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2023/05/future-of-artificial.html
https://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2021/11/recyclingunlockinghacking-devices-for.html
https://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2020/04/things-spies-have-stolen-random-stuff.html
https://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2020/04/what-happened-to-escaped-nazis-random.html
https://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2020/06/history-of-hate-and-supremacy-random.html
https://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2020/12/angels-and-demons-random-stuff-and-more.html
http://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2020/02/cybersecurity-attack-background.html
- if you have a choice, you're better off going with open frame/chassis type generator to make servicing easier. This particular generator I'm dealing with is easy to transport and nice to look at but due to it's packaging very difficult to work on since everything sits under a panel of some sort
https://www.productreview.com.au/listings/full-boar-fbt-3100
https://www.bunnings.com.au/ozito-2000w-petrol-inverter-generator_p0287148
Ozito 2000W Generator Review (my first review video)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g1r_YmTnnWs
https://www.youtube.com/@markrobinson2196/videos
- since everything is under panels this thing is that it's not easy to tear it down. The only real way I could test it was using multimeter and to stuff that I could often only partly access (there's a good access panel on the left hand side which allows you to access the carburetor, air filter; front access panael which allows you access to electronics/alternator; rear access panel which allows access to muffler; right access panel which allows access to spark plug and partial access to ignition coil/magneto, etc...)
how to test spark plug leads
https://www.championautoparts.com/Technical/Tech-Tips/Defective-Spark-Plug-Wires.html
how to test spark plug
https://west-equip.com/blog/post/how-to-test-your-spark-plugs
https://www.familyhandyman.com/project/how-to-test-a-spark-plug/
https://www.thedrive.com/maintenance-repair/39898/how-to-test-a-spark-plug
test magneto with multimeter
Set the multimeter to its Ohms setting and set it to the 40 k range (don't use the auto-ranging feature). Place one tip of the probe on the engine block and the other on the rubber casing's metal clip. Ideally, the readout should be between 3 k and 15 k.
https://schottcorp.com/is-it-faulty-how-to-test-a-magneto-coil-with-a-multimeter/
https://pilotinstitute.com/how-do-magnetos-work/
- thankfully, the spark plug was in good condition still
cr7hsa
https://www.repco.com.au/parts-service/ignition/spark-plugs/ngk-standard-spark-plug-cr7hsa/p/A8251258
https://autobarn.com.au/ab/Autobarn-Category/Shop-our-Full-Range-by-Brand-at-Autobarn/Ngk/NGK-Resistor-Standard-Spark-Plug---CR7HSA/p/SP63190
- starting it seemed a big struggle so I tore the thing down, removed all fuel, and noticed that the carburetor was in bad shape. Black gunk/deposits all over the jets so I soaked the carburetor in fuel injector fluid for 2 days straight (mechanical cleaning is faster but more likley to damage things. I used fuel injector fluid because carburetor dip fluid isn't readily available in my area and this is the next best thing. Heaps of people recommend Ultrasonic cleaners but they're often expensive and this fixing machines like this is more of a hobby then a profession for me). A lot of desposits dropped to the bottom of the container I had soaked it in. Then I used cotton q-tips to clean off the rest. Finally, I used carburetor cleaning fluid on the carburettor itself to flush out any remaining contaminants
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cotton_swab
https://www.supercheapauto.com.au/p/sca-sca-petrol-injector-cleaner-300ml/649248.html
https://www.repco.com.au/oils-fluids/additives/injector-cleaner/repco-petrol-injector-cleaner-300ml-rpic/p/A9399303?kwSearch=fix
https://www.supercheapauto.com.au/spare-parts/fuel-system/carby-intake-cleaners
https://autobarn.com.au/ab/Autobarn-Category/Shop-our-Full-Range-by-Brand-at-Autobarn/Motortech/MT117-Carburettor-%26-Throttle-Body-Cleaner-400G-F505/p/DI00094
https://www.repco.com.au/oils-fluids/degreasers-cleaners/throttle-body-carby/repco-carby-cleaner-aerosol-400g-racarbclean/p/A9627133
- I put it back together and I tried to start it but it still seemed to be a bit of struggle. I tried cleaning up the spark plug (black deposits on it. It was a decent quality NGK spark plug which was a nice surprise) using some starting fluid and just pulling more quickly on the starter and it started finally (though it was very smokey for a while). It works thankfully and I have a generator that is a genuine backup for my needs now (when compared to the other generators that I looked at in my last post. This generator can genuinely run more then one device at a time unlike the other generators I was working with)
https://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2024/03/fixing-cheap-hurricane-gen850-and.html
https://www.nulon.com.au/products/aerosols/start-ya-bastard-instant-engine-starter
https://crcindustries.com.au/crc-aerostart-400g-5052/
https://www.supercheapauto.com.au/p/sca-sca-engine-starting-fluid-300g/676265.html
- it leaked fuel occasionally from a fuel overflow line. I figured out it was due to a sticking float in the carburetor. I decided to soak the carburetor in fuel injector fluid for another 2 days straight and tried to brush the float and needle that holds it in place to get rid of varnish that may cause it to stick. Now it no longer leaks
sd2000i fuel leak
Repair Gas Leak ~ Honda EU2000i Generator
Honda EU2000i Leaking Oil and Won't Run - Found in the Trash
honda 2200i generator leaking fuel carb
stuck float in carburetor
Float Stuck! How to Fix Your Carburetor Float if it is Stuck and Leaking Gas
How to Clean the Carburetor on a Honda EU2200i/EU2000i Generator
why is my carb float sticking
what breaks down varnish
How To Remove Severe Varnish From Gas Tank With Household Chemicals
- people say there is some money repairing old stuff but it's becoming harder. I've noticed that a small number of people/organisations have somehow hoovered up stock so that even if you have the skill to repair old equipment you don't have the ability to turn it into money since you can't get regular access to stock? Ironically, in nature there are mechanisms to stop species from hoovering up all opportunities but not in modern human civilisation? You can find some stuff at tip shops, recycling centres, op shops, pawn shops, hard rubbish, online markets, auctions, on the side of the road, garage sales, etc... but nowadays you often have to pay. The costs or purchasing broken stuff often exceeeds the costs of buying working but used or new as well, parts access and cost can be problematic, capital outlay can be high if you have access to loans or savings, you often have to put a lot of time into understanding how some technologies work which means you don't have time to just churn through fix and sell stuff, etc... so you have to do your research and understand the market in question...
https://www.grays.com/
https://abbeysauctions.com.au/
https://www.lloydsauctions.com.au/locations/vic/melbourne/
https://www.slatteryauctions.com.au/
https://www.youtube.com/@jcondon1/videos
400,000 Honda Units RECALLED!! Let's Fix It
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nRKKVM3aP7s
https://www.youtube.com/@TarylFixesAll/videos
Is there any MONEY in Buying and Selling Used Small Machinery?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SII4hLQ3ip0
https://www.youtube.com/@MachineryNationVlogs
Rescuing 1960's Tractors for USE on a Friends Farm ~ Forgotten in a CROWD of OTHER old Tractors
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fn1XDxe88kU
https://www.youtube.com/@SalvageWorkshop
Rusty Soviet Water Pump Restoration
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HO7A_2si5Y0
https://www.youtube.com/@gear_show
Vintage tractor left to rot by a swamp for 20 years.. Will it start ??
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mYpyvBR_ENo
74 year old vintage tractor left in a barn for 20 years... Will it start??
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y_2lHu83Kmo
Vintage Bulldozer forgotten for a decade.. Will it start??
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9kU-a0PtOD8
Fixing a worn out tractor Gearbox and Lift Unit - Kubota B7100
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vkPJFrygTII
https://www.youtube.com/@MartyT
Restoration of Hammer Drill | HITACHI PR-38E
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xS-03efYjt8
https://www.youtube.com/@repairrestoration4232/videos
Is this the CHEAPEST 6X6 Army Truck in the WORLD?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w3tPh1bND50
https://www.youtube.com/@brucew6551/videos
Gas-Powered Antique Maytag Washing Machine [Restoration]
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0UPZkmcai-M
https://www.youtube.com/@HandToolRescue/videos
6BT Powered Oshkosh Plow Truck, First Start in Over 10 Years!
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cVFeKJoWEJk
https://www.youtube.com/@LowBuckGarage
Starting the Weirdest Steam Tractor Ever Invented
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Iss5GHFSub0
https://www.youtube.com/@tekniqvid/videos
- if you were interested in this post you'll probably be interested in my other repair blog posts:
https://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2024/03/fixing-cheap-hurricane-gen850-and.html
https://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2024/03/repairing-troy-bilt-tb525ec-whipper.html
https://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2024/02/repairing-and-maintaining-victa-2.html
https://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2019/08/servicingfixing-my-briggs-and-stratton.html
https://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2023/10/vacuum-filter-troublesplanned.html
https://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2023/09/conversion-from-physical-to-virtual_10.html
https://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2023/07/international-manufacturing-youtube.html
https://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2023/06/youtube-car-repair-channels-random.html
https://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2021/11/recyclingunlockinghacking-devices-for.html
https://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2019/11/a-sea-of-fakery-random-stuff-and-more.html
http://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2018/04/hp-4520s-laptop-teardown-random-stuff.html
http://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2011/04/apple-ibook-g4-logicboard-fixes.html
http://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2010/10/asus-1005p-disassembly.html
http://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2010/07/replacing-lcd-on-toshiba-nb200.html
http://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2013/02/laptop-thermal-design-convergence-and.html
http://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2012/05/fujitsu-stylistic-st4120-recovery.html
http://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2011/10/nvidia-laptop-graphics-chip-repair.html
http://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2013/03/laptop-hacking-and-hardware-workarounds.html
http://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2015/08/apple-icloud-device-locking-and-general.html
http://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2013/03/repairing-laptop-power-bricks.html
https://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2011/08/unlocking-your-phonemodem.html
http://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2015/08/apple-icloud-device-locking-and-general.html
http://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2015/07/ableton-and-ableton-push-hacking.html
http://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2012/09/windows-and-android-arent-that_5901.html
http://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2012/08/funky-firmware.html
http://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2012/07/if-only-reading-were-easier.html
http://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2011/11/playing-with-android.html
http://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2015/06/repairing-musical-instrumentselectrical.html
http://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2015/06/custom-midi-hardware-and-software.html
http://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2012/12/network-traffic-analysis-laptop-power.html
http://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2013/02/laptop-thermal-design-convergence-and.html
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http://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2011/11/hp-pavilion-dv2000-laptop-troubles.html
https://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2011/03/eeepc-recovery-without-recovery.html
https://dtbnguyen.blogspot.com/2018/11/lost-dell-recovery-disc-youtube.html

Random Stuff:
- as usual thanks to all of the individuals and groups who purchase and use my goods and services
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- latest in science and technology
NVIDIA Jetson Nano Developer Kit
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Random Quotes:
- Trisha Goddard
I wouldn't have liked that label, I talk about, um, I have had depression or I live with depression, but I'd already been quite vocal about labels. I had a sister who had schizophrenia and I really despised people talking about schizophrenics or manic depressives or depressives, you know, because we don't talk about cancerous people, you know. And I think that if you label somebody enough – and I'd say that to everybody, anybody – if you label that person or that group of people enough, they take on a victimology, they see themselves as victims … I prefer to think of myself as someone who happens to have depression as part of their make-up, but has learned coping mechanisms.
https://www.open.edu/openlearn/society-politics-law/sociology/the-role-diagnosis-counselling-and-psychotherapy/content-section-2
- In white supremacist circles, a ghost skin is a white supremacist who refrains from openly displaying his racist beliefs for the purpose of blending into wider society and surreptitiously furthering his agenda. The term has been used in particular to refer to the entryism of racist activists in law enforcement.[1][2][3]
In an FBI Intelligence Assessment from 2006, the FBI Counterterrorism Division provides an overview of white supremacist infiltration of law enforcement and mentions that use of the term came to the agency's attention in late 2004.[4][2] In 2001, two law enforcement officers in Williamson County, Texas were fired after it was discovered they were members of the Ku Klux Klan.[3][5]
According to the Oregon National Socialist Movement website, explicitly cited by the 2006 FBI report, "Ghost Skins don't shave their heads, wear boots, braces or anything else that can visually identify them as Nazis. [They] strive to blend into society to be unreconizable [sic] by the jewish [sic] enemy. When it serves [their] purposes [they] gladly act politically correct. [They] are at war and [they] use the weapon of deception to deny the enemy intelligence they could use against [them]."[4]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghost_skin
- Slavery is any system in which principles of property law are applied to people, allowing individuals to own, buy and sell other individuals, as a de jure form of property. An enslaved person is unable to withdraw unilaterally from such an arrangement and works without remuneration.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slavery
- Slavery is any system in which principles of property law are applied to people, allowing individuals to own, buy and sell other individuals, as a de jure form of property.[1] An enslaved person is unable to withdraw unilaterally from such an arrangement and works without remuneration. Many scholars now use the term chattel slavery to refer to this specific sense of legalized, de jure slavery. In a broader sense, however, the word slavery may also refer to any situation in which an individual is de facto forced to work against their own will. Scholars also use the more generic terms such as unfree labour or forced labour to refer to such situations.[2] However, and especially under slavery in broader senses of the word, slaves may have some rights and protections according to laws or customs.
Slavery has existed in many cultures, dating back to early human civilizations.[3] It was legal in most societies at some time in the past but is now outlawed in all recognized countries.[4][5] The last country to officially abolish slavery was Mauritania in 1981. Nevertheless, as of 2016 there were an estimated 40.3 million people worldwide subject to some form of slavery.[6] A person can be enslaved from the time of their birth, capture, or purchase. The most common form of modern slave trade is commonly referred to as human trafficking. In some areas of the world, slavery continues through practices such as debt bondage, the most widespread form of slavery today;[2] serfdom; domestic servants kept in captivity; certain adoptions in which children are forced to work as slaves; child soldiers; and forced marriage.[7]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slavery
- Diplomatic immunity is a form of legal immunity that ensures diplomats are given safe passage and are considered not susceptible to lawsuit or prosecution under the host country's laws, although they may still be expelled. Modern diplomatic immunity was codified as international law in the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations (1961) which has been ratified by all but a handful of nations. The concept and custom of diplomatic immunity dates back thousands of years. Many principles of diplomatic immunity are now considered to be customary law. Diplomatic immunity was developed to allow for the maintenance of government relations, including during periods of difficulties and armed conflict. When receiving diplomats, who formally represent the sovereign, the receiving head of state grants certain privileges and immunities to ensure they may effectively carry out their duties, on the understanding that these are provided on a reciprocal basis.
Originally, these privileges and immunities were granted on a bilateral, ad hoc basis, which led to misunderstandings and conflict, pressure on weaker states, and an inability for other states to judge which party was at fault. An international agreement known as the Vienna Convention codified the rules and agreements, providing standards and privileges to all states.
It is possible for the official's home country to waive immunity; this tends to happen only when the individual has committed a serious crime, unconnected with their diplomatic role (as opposed to, for example, allegations of spying), or has witnessed such a crime. However, many countries refuse to waive immunity as a matter of course; individuals have no authority to waive their own immunity[1] (except perhaps in cases of defection).[2] Alternatively, the home country may prosecute the individual.[2] For instance, in 2002, a Colombian diplomat in London was prosecuted for manslaughter, once diplomatic immunity was waived by the Colombian government.[3][4]
...
The concept of diplomatic immunity can be found in ancient Indian epics like Ramayana (between 3000 and 2000 BC) (traditional Hindu dating: over 100,000 years ago) and Mahabharata (around 4th century BC; traditional Hindu dating: 3000 BC), where messengers and diplomats were given immunity from capital punishment. In Ramayana, when the demon king Ravana ordered the killing of Hanuman, Ravana's younger brother Vibhishana pointed out that messengers or diplomats should not be killed, as per ancient practices.[5]
During the evolution of international justice, many wars were considered rebellions or unlawful by one or more combatant sides. In such cases, the servants of the "criminal" sovereign were often considered accomplices and their persons violated. In other circumstances, harbingers of inconsiderable demands were killed as a declaration of war. Herodotus records that when heralds of the Persian king Xerxes demanded "earth and water" (i.e., symbols of submission) of Greek cities, the Athenians threw them into a pit and the Spartans threw them down a well for the purpose of suggesting they would find both earth and water at the bottom, these often being mentioned by the messenger as a threat of siege. However, even for Herodotus, this maltreatment of envoys is a crime.[citation needed] He recounts a story of divine vengeance befalling Sparta for this deed.[6]
A Roman envoy was urinated on as he was leaving the city of Tarentum. The oath of the envoy, "This stain will be washed away with blood!", was fulfilled during the Second Punic War. The arrest and ill-treatment of the envoy of Raja Raja Chola by the king of Kulasekhara dynasty (Second Cheras), which is now part of modern India, led to the naval Kandalur War in AD 994.[7]
...
Modern
The British Parliament first guaranteed diplomatic immunity to foreign ambassadors in 1709, after Count Andrey Matveyev, a Russian resident in London, had been subjected to verbal and physical abuse by British bailiffs.
Modern diplomatic immunity evolved parallel to the development of modern diplomacy. In the 17th century, European diplomats realized that protection from prosecution was essential to doing their jobs, and a set of rules evolved guaranteeing the rights of diplomats. These were still confined to Western Europe and were closely tied to the prerogatives of nobility. Thus, an emissary to the Ottoman Empire could expect to be arrested and imprisoned upon the outbreak of hostilities between his state and the empire. The French Revolution also disrupted this system, as the revolutionary state and Napoleon imprisoned numerous diplomats who were accused of working against France. More recently, the Iran hostage crisis is universally considered a violation of diplomatic immunity. Although the hostage takers did not officially represent the state, host countries are obligated to protect diplomatic property and personnel. On the other hand, during World War II, diplomatic immunity was upheld and the embassies of the belligerents were evacuated through neutral countries.
For the upper class of the 17th, 18th, and 19th centuries, diplomatic immunity was an easy concept to understand. The first embassies were not permanent establishments but actual visits by high-ranking representatives, often close relatives, of the sovereign or the sovereign in person. As permanent representations evolved, usually on a treaty basis between two powers, they were frequently staffed by relatives of the sovereign or high-ranking nobles.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diplomatic_immunity
- These vulnerabilities and platform abuse, Kalember claimed, were just the beginning. "Microsoft has also made many catastrophic architectural decisions. The design of Active Directory, Office macros, PowerShell, and other tools has enabled successive generations of threat actors to compromise entire environments undetected. This is one of the primary reasons why ransomware attacks spread from single machines to entire organisations unchecked.
"Now, many of these mistakes are being repeated in the cloud. We only need look at the horribly insecure default configuration of Office 365 for evidence of that."
In its defence, Kalember said it was not Microsoft's intention to become a leading contributor to security risk.
He contrasted the company's approach to software with that of Google and Apple. "If the company was moving slower to ship more secure code, discontinuing old features (like Apple), or trying to get its massive customer base to a great security baseline faster (like Google), it could do amazing things for the security community. But it's not."
And he accused the Redmond giant of profiting from vulnerabilities and exploitable configurations. "...with one hand, the company ships vulnerabilities and hosts malware, and with the other, it charges to 'protect' users from those same vulnerabilities and threats.
"Add in the world's most extensive incident response practice, and Microsoft is the arsonist, the fire department, and the building inspector all rolled into one."
On the plus side, Kalember said numerous companies were now looking beyond Microsoft to protect users and environments.
"Most security leaders are reluctant to put all their eggs in a Microsoft basket, but all IT professionals should both expect and demand that all their vendors, even the big ones, mitigate more security risk than they create," he added.
https://itwire.com/security/microsoft-a-big-part-of-the-cyber-security-problem-proofpoint-exec.html
- While it's not an inheritance tax per se, millions of Australians' retirement savings may be taxable upon death.
It all depends on your marital status and whether you have "dependants" (that is children or someone else who lives with you and financially depends on you).
If you are single and childless, and no one else depends on you, your super money will be taxed before being handed to the person you nominate to receive it — assuming you nominated someone prior to your death to get the money.
If you've got hundreds of thousands of dollars in your retirement savings and die, that money will be taxed up to 32 per cent before the remaining portion is transferred to your nominated beneficiaries.
Conversely, married people, those in a de facto arrangement and those with dependent children don't face the same tax consequence in the event of their death.
Many people choose to withdraw their superannuation tax-free at retirement age to avoid any tax that would be payable on it if they die.
However, for those who don't have the option to withdraw, it begs the question: Is having a hefty tax on some and not others a fair outcome in a society where more Australians are making life choices to stay single and not have kids?
https://www.abc.net.au/news/2021-11-29/death-tax-by-stealth-superannuation-savings-retirement-investing/100644100
- That last point is the most obvious criticism of the Pew report. The agency polled adults in 24 countries; there are 193 United Nations member states, which indicates that it does not show any serious global trend purely based on its methodology. There is also a strong selection bias for high-income countries and American allies. However, some middle-income and poorer countries were polled and the data reveals what many know to be true – the Global South largely has favorable views of China.
...
There is a definitive and ongoing battle for hearts and minds between China and the US, and so-called 'China experts' are the Americans' foot soldiers whether they realize it or not. And there are only bound to be more systemic incentives for China hawks in the future considering members of the US Congress keep introducing legislation, like the Senate 'Countering Chinese Propaganda Act' or the House 'Countering the PRC Malign Influence Fund Authorization Act', which would see hundreds of millions spent on negative news coverage against China. Both of these bills have been absorbed into the House and Senate's versions of the America COMPETES Act, which have passed in both chambers but are awaiting minor changes before becoming law.
On the other hand, it should be noted that China does not spend anywhere near this amount of money on superfluous propaganda and is instead focused on win-win cooperation on trade and infrastructure. It turns out that poorer countries that have been gutted by centuries of European and American exploitation directly benefit from investments in tangible assets, which China is more keen on providing these days as opposed to the West. Had Pew Research polled all 193 UN member states, doubtless this would have been reflected.
https://www.rt.com/news/581076-china-negative-opinions-survey/
- "Sometimes I had to earn extra money," he said. "I mean, earn extra money by car, as a private driver. It's unpleasant to talk about to be honest, but unfortunately that was the case."
At the time, taxis were a rarity in Russia, and many private individuals would give rides to strangers to help make ends meet. Some would even use work vehicles such as ambulances as taxis.
Mr Putin is known to be a former agent of the Soviet security service, the KGB.
However, in the early 1990s he worked in the office of St Petersburg Mayor Anatoly Sobchak. He maintains that he resigned from the KGB after the August 1991 coup against Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev which led to the break-up of the USSR.
I did take a bus on its way back to its depot one night but I drew the line at that ambulance... These were just some of the vehicles I found doubling as taxis in 1990s Russia. Every young Russian I knew in Moscow back then seemed to use them and, eventually, every Russian family man with a motor seemed to be moonlighting as a bombila (bomber), the nickname for informal cabbies.
When I first arrived as a student in 1989 there were only two unwritten rules: don't get in a car with more than one person in it and agree the fare before you set off. There just weren't enough official taxis. Usually the biggest risk you ran was causing offense to a macho driver by trying to put on a seat belt.
Vladimir Putin: I moonlighted as a taxi driver in the 1990s
https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-59629670
- The displaced Palestinians were later denied the right to return, so the mizrahim stayed and named their new home Givat Amal Bet. Unlike other villages that were absorbed into the municipality as Tel Aviv grew, however, the 40 or so working-class families living there were never allowed to purchase the land on which their homes were built. Despite paying city taxes, they have had irregular access to services such as water and electricity and were banned from altering or upgrading their homes.
The community is still fighting a decades-long legal battle for compensation with development companies, the state and the Tel Aviv municipality, but the last of the neighbourhood's residents were forcibly evicted from their homes last month.
"When my parents came from Damascus we were asked to settle here to help the state," said Yossi Cohen, 68, who in November was dragged by police out of the house in which he was born. Israel's first prime minister, David Ben-Gurion, had "promised that we would be rewarded, that we would keep our homes", he said. But during the eviction, most of the contents of his house were dumped outside, and a fence now stops anyone from going in.
"We have fought discrimination from the Ashkenazi [Jews of European heritage] our whole lives. We live on some of the most expensive land in Tel Aviv, so they try force us off, the same way they do with the Arabs."
https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/dec/12/tel-aviv-poverty-eviction-givat-amal-bet-gentrification-worlds-most-expensive-city
- As Waqas Ahmed, author of The Polymath, puts it: "In order for you to make a novel contribution to any given field, you need to look at that field through the broadest possible lens and to draw in as many sources of inspiration as possible." The mastery of different fields trains you to look at problems from multiple viewpoints, which makes original insight more likely. He points to Maya Angelou – the poet, journalist, actor, filmmaker, and civil rights activist who also enjoyed work as a dancer and singer – as a modern example of a polymath whose multiple interests offered much more than the sum of their parts and together fuelled her astonishing creativity.
https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20221028-why-theres-more-to-being-smart-than-intelligence
Global plastic pollution is forcing our planet to adapt, growing microorganisms that can degrade the accumulating waste, a new study claims. Living organisms with the potential to diminish 10 types of plastic have been discovered.
Bugs producing plastic-degrading enzymes both on land and in oceans are growing in quantity and diversity, the study from the Swedish Chalmers University of Technology shows. Researchers have discovered over 30,000 enzyme homologues – members of protein sequences sharing similar properties – that live all around the planet and have the potential to degrade the 10 types of plastic most widely used by humans.
Around 12,000 such organisms were found in the ocean, and 18,000 in the soil, researchers revealed, adding that their habitats correlate with local levels of plastic pollution. The highest amounts of plastic-degrading bugs were discovered in "notoriously highly polluted areas," including the South Pacific Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea.
"We did not expect to find such a large number of them across so many different microbes and environmental habitats. This is a surprising discovery that really illustrates the scale of the issue," the study's first author, Jan Zrimec, said.
https://www.rt.com/news/543356-plastic-degrading-microbes-study/
- This is Matrix movie star Keanu Reeves. He was abandoned by his father at 3 years old and grew up with 3 different stepfathers. He is dyslexic. His dream of becoming a hockey player was shattered by a serious accident. His daughter died at birth. His wife died in a car accident. His best friend, River Phoenix, died of an overdose. His sister battled leukemia.
No bodyguards, no luxury houses. Keanu lives in an ordinary apartment and likes wandering around town and often seen riding a subway in NYC.
When he was filming the movie "The Lake House," he overheard the conversation of two costume assistants, one crying as he would lose his house if he did not pay $20,000 - On the same day, Keanu deposited the necessary amount in his bank account. In his career, he has donated large sums to hospitals including $75 million of his earnings from "The Matrix" to charities.
In 2010, on his birthday, Keanu walked into a bakery & bought a brioche with a single candle, ate it in front of the bakery, and offered coffee to people who stopped to talk to him.
In 1997 some paparazzi found him walking one morning in the company of a homeless man in Los Angeles, listening to him and sharing his life for a few hours.
In life, sometimes the ones most broken from inside are the ones most willing to help others.
This man could buy everything, and instead every day he gets up and chooses one thing that cannot be bought:
👉To be a caring person.😍❤
𝗡𝗮𝘁𝘂𝗿𝗲 & 𝗪𝗶𝗹𝗱𝗹𝗶𝗳𝗲
https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=100086597888244
- The report also found almost 40 per cent of victims who had been forced to act as witnesses would not return to provide evidence, while 74 per cent said they never or rarely felt part of the justice process.
Victims of Crime Commissioner Fiona McCormack has made 55 recommendations to restore public confidence in the beleaguered system, which continues to fail victims despite legislative changes in 2018.
"When victims report a crime, they expect to play a part in the justice process but in reality, most felt they were silenced and sidelined," she said.
"Victims are the inevitable result of crime, yet the criminal justice system is primarily designed to ensure the fair treatment of the accused. Victims are asking for a criminal justice system that delivers justice for them."
https://www.msn.com/en-au/news/australia/broken-justice-system-leaves-victims-silenced-and-sidelined-report-says/ar-BB1k2CTh
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